The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANSLATIONS 79 Methuselah in De cultu fem. i. 3 (ed. cit., p. 63), see above, p. 20. An obscure reference is to be found in De idol. 15 (ed. cit., p. 48): 'Haec (the idolatrous cult of the doorways) 'igitur ab initio praevidens spiritus sanctus etiam ostia in superstitionem ventura praececinit per antiquissimum propheten Enoch'. We are dealing here, in my opinion, with En. 9: 2 and 9: 10, where the complaints of men, which rise as far as the 'doorways of heaven', are mentioned.^ Obviously this is a very forced interpretation in which the Christian apologist does not take any account of the context. The passage in De idol. 4 (ed. cit., p. 33) is very important. After the quotation of the decalogue: 'ne feceris idolum . . . neque similitudinem eorum quae in caelo sunt et quae in terra et quae in mari' (Exod. 20: 3 and Deut. 5: 8), TertuUian continues: 'antecesserat Enoch praedicens omnia elementa, omnem mundi censum, quae caelo, quae mari, quae terra continentur, in idololatrian versuros daemonas et spiritus desertorum angelorum, ut pro deo adversus deum consecrarentur.' The Christian author is certainly referring to En. 19: i (as the editors of the Ethiopic Enoch have indeed remarked), but the first part of his phrase: 'omnia elementa, omnem mundi censum... continentur' refers, in my opinion, to the description of the world in the account of the journeyings of Enoch (En. 17-36). I do not think that the expression 'quae in caelo sunt' alludes to En. 80: 7, 'they will look at the (stars) as gods', but rather to En. 33-6. TertuUian continues with an explicit and very faithful quotation of En. 99: 6-7 which can be compared in large part to the Greek text of CM: *denique idem Enoch simul et cultores idoli et fabricatores in comminatione praedamnat: "Et rursus iuro vobis peccatores, quod in diem sanguinis perditionis tristitia (MS; A; paenitentia MS. B) parata est. Qui servitis lapidibus et qui imagines facitis aureas et argenteas [,caJ] ol y\v(j>ovT€s €lK6va\s dpyvjpdg KOL et ligneas et lapideas et fictiles et servitis xP^crfe, ^vXlvas re [/caJ Xidlvag] /cat oarpaphantasmatibus et daemoniis et spiritibus Kivasy KOL Xarp€v\ovT€s (f>av\Tdaiiaai KOL infamis2 et omnibus erroribus non haipxyvloils Kal jSScAuyJjLtaort KOL TTvevfiaat secundum scientiam, nullum ab iis inve- Trovrjl^poLS Kai] Trdoais rais TrXdvais ov KOJT nietis auxilium."* l7na\Tf]pfr\v\ KOX TTOV ô-qOrjfjLa ov fjurj evprjrai (1. -re) [aTT*] avrcov. ' See En* i iv 9-10 and En^ i iii 9-10 TRVCU/xaat {jrovrjpots?} Kai ^SeXvyfJuaai seems (En 9: 2). better than that of CM; the text of E is certainly ^ Emendation et infamiisy Bonner, loc. cit., inferior, in this passage, to those of TertuUian p. 44. TertuUian's order KOX Bai/JLovLois /cat and CM.
8o INTRODUCTION What interests us here is the fact that TertuUian seems to have had available a manuscript of Enoch which contained both the Book of Watchers and the Epistle: 'Enoch... idem Enoch'. This would be the first volume of the Enochic Pentateuch of which we have spoken above (pp. 76-7). He does not seem, on the other hand, to be acquainted with the Astronomical Book which formed the second volume of this collection. But TertuUian's Enochic allusions and quotations can scarcely be looked upon as evidence of a Latin version of the Greek Enoch; he certainly knew Greek, could write it, and often translated Greek texts straight into Latin. Cyprian's Enochic allusion in De hahitu virginum 14^ is undoubtedly dependent on TertuUian; so probably are Minucius Felix, Octavtus 26, and Commodian, Instrtictiones adversus gentium deoSy I. iii {Cultura daemonum). But Lactantius, too, if he was directly acquainted with the writings of Enoch, could read them in Greek (see above, p. 21). Neither does 'A Fragment of the Book of Enoch in Latin' pubUshed by M. R. James,^ which contains the summary of En. 106: 1-18, seem to be derived from a Latin translation, complete or incomplete, of the books of Enoch. We find in it chronological details (the age of Lamech at the birth of Noah; the flood after 500 years, cf. Gen. 5: 32 and 9: 28-9; forty days of the flood) and other additions (e.g. the names of the three sons of Noah) which prove in my opinion that this extract comes from a world chronicle. Lamech's age, we are told, was annorum tricentorum quinquagenta at the time of the birth of Noah. This false piece of information should probably be corrected to trium et quinquaginta {tres et could have been wrongly read as trecety an abbreviation of trecenti). Now 53 years is the age given in the Samaritan Pentateuch (Gen. 5: 28). The chronicle from which the Latin extract of En. 106 comes would thus be extremely early, of Graeco-Oriental origin, if it employed, even sporadically, Greek Samaritan sources. A detailed description of the manuscript from which James took the fragment is given by G. F. Warner and J. P. Gilson.^ We should note that the extract from the Book of Enoch is followed in it by three other passages, and that all four alike refer to great sins of great sinners and their great punishments. A short passage, with the title De uindictis magnis magnorum peccatoruniy enumerates the punishments inflicted on the Devil, Adam, Cain, ^ G. Hartel, CSEL 3. i (1868), 197-8. f. 79^ 9-8oS 9, late ninth century, of continental * Apocrypha Anecdota {Texts and Studies, origin), ii. 3), 1893, pp. 146-50 (text p. 148; from ^ Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the the British Museum Royal MS. 5 E XIII, Old Royal and King's Collections, {(igzi), 116.
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THE BOOKS OF ENOCH ARAMAIC FRAGMENT
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PREFACE THE year 1971 was the 150th
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PREFACE vii effectively preserved o
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X CONTENTS THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF
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ABBREVIATIONS C Cairo papyrus 10759
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ABBREVIATIONS SC Sources chretienne
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INTRODUCTION THE main purpose of th
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ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 5 The destru
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ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 7 acknowledg
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 9 (r^v aarpoX
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK ii as it may,
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 13 The origin
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 15 On the oth
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 17 FIG. 2. Th
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 19 The charac
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 21 surely be
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THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 23 ''ID 'many'
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THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 25 showed him
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THE BOOK OF WATCHERS a? We can read
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Page 48 and 49: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 33 The dwolUng
Page 50 and 51: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 35 bill of ind
Page 52 and 53: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 37 towards Beq
Page 54 and 55: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 39 and hence i
Page 56 and 57: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 41 Astronomica
Page 58 and 59: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 43 At the beginn
Page 60 and 61: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 45 angels and th
Page 62 and 63: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 47 (Xn''3; En.
Page 64 and 65: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 49 was to surv
Page 66 and 67: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 51 ear to ever
Page 68 and 69: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH S3 world of me
Page 70 and 71: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 55 the last ex
Page 72 and 73: THE BOOK OF GIANTS 57 ceding text b
Page 74 and 75: (59) ENOCHIC WRITINGS AND ESSENE FR
Page 76 and 77: ENOCHIC W R I T I N G S A N D E S S
Page 78 and 79: I ST year 2 Delayah 3 Me'ozyah 4 Yo
Page 86 and 87: THE GREEK VERSION 71 blank leaf, th
Page 88 and 89: THE GREEK VERSION 73 Quite recently
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Page 96 and 97: THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 98 and 99: THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 100 and 101: THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 85 y. Mu
Page 102 and 103: THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 87 61: 6
Page 104 and 105: CHAPTER III WORKS ATTRIBUTED TO ENO
Page 106 and 107: THE BOOK OF PARABLES 91 of the just
Page 108 and 109: THE BOOK OF PARABLES 93 Titans, Gia
Page 110 and 111: THE BOOK OF PARABLES 95 'Again he w
Page 112 and 113: THE BOOK OF PARABLES 97 Coptic Enoc
Page 114 and 115: THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS 99
Page 116 and 117: THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS loi
Page 124 and 125: THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 109 Christian, t
Page 126 and 127: THE SLAVONIC ENOCH in and give a ca
Page 128 and 129: THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 113 pp. 40-1) an
Page 130 and 131: THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 115 Methuselah,
Page 132 and 133: THE MIDDLE AGES 117 defeat of the A
Page 134 and 135: THE MIDDLE AGES 119 During his visi
Page 136 and 137: THE MIDDLE AGES 121 riiiipais avTiK
Page 138 and 139: THE MIDDLE AGES 123 A rich iconogra
Page 140 and 141: (125) ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATU
Page 142 and 143: ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATURE 127
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ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATURE 129
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THE BOOKS OF ENOCH FIRST COPY (4QEn
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En» I i FIRST COPY 141 form is 'Ap
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En* I i FIRST COPY 143 The text of
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En* I i-ii FIRST COPY 145 phrase iv
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En» I ii FIRST COPY 147 (consider)
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En* I ii FIRST COPY 149 LI. 9/10. A
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En* I iii FIRST COPY 151 [« Ând t
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En* I iii FIRST COPY 153 4QEN ». b
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EnMiii FIRST COPY 155 (b) In this c
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En* I iii-iv FIRST COPY 157 L. 15.
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En* I IV FIRST COPY 159 LI. 1-5 (En
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En* I iv-v FIRST COPY i6i of the de
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En» I vi FIRST COPY 163 [. . . 2Â
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En^ I i-ii SECOND COPY 165 He: n**^
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En" I ii SECOND COPY ^ 167 [xnnxi B
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En^ I ii SECOND COPY 169 iToi€LV
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En" 1 iii SECOND COPY 171 Koam NX'?
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En^ I iii SECOND COPY 173 19:1; 21:
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En^ I iii-iv SECOND COPY 175 L. 16.
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En^ I vi SECOND COPY 177 I find a r
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THIRD COPY 179 The arrangement of t
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THIRD COPY i8i The etymological Ale
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THIRD COPY 183 Remember, however, t
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En
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En^ I i THIRD COPY 187 L. 19. The p
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En'^ I V THIRD COPY 189 [« 7And] t
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En ]irm. With the expression *f ^31
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En« I vi THIRD COPY 193 lâ*'? n ]
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En^îvi THIRD COPY 195 on [sitting
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En'îvi THIRD COPY 197 L. 6. Note t
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En 5- L. 24. For see En^ 1 xi 6. LI
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En
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En'îxiii THIRD COPY 203 KoX rwv) d
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En
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En^Si THIRD COPY 207 ]ir)[2x n n^^s
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En^sii THIRD COPY 209 before ws epe
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En«5ii THIRD COPY 211 The identifi
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En'^Sii THIRD COPY 213 paradisum vo
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En«5ii THIRD COPY 215 ÎdpeO Kard^
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En
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End I xi FOURTH COPY 219 preceding
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End I xii FOURTH COPY 221 xniD r\Db
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End2ii FOURTH COPY 223 [. . . "And
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En^zm FOURTH COPY 225 in Dan. 8:4;
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FIFTH COPY 227 Just as with the scr
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EnMxxii FIFTH COPY 229 L. 2. The le
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EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 231 {avTTwv C),
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EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 233 Paraphrasing
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En'ixxvii FIFTH COPY 235 -[laK ] 4-
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En* 2 and 3 FIFTH COPY 237 [ ]x2n s
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En«4i FIFTH COPY 239 [and perishin
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En«4ii FIFTH COPY 241 [xmn Kmn KHV
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En* 4 iii FIFTH COPY 243 oppressed
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En^ I SIXTH COPY 245 in n^'na'? man
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SEVENTH COPY 247 the other four col
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SEVENTH COPY 249 4Q180 I margin [ni
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SEVENTH COPY 251 Lines 1-5 of 181 2
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SEVENTH COPY 253 of the Greek versi
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SEVENTH COPY 255 to quote here (alo
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SEVENTH COPY 257 Jewish work: yeypa
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En« I i SEVENTH COPY 259 Sometimes
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En« I ii SEVENTH COPY 261 Only E t
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En8 I iii SEVENTH COPY 263 L. 23. I
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En« I iv SEVENTH COPY 265 m*'; L.
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En8 I iv SEVENTH COPY 267 wicked, a
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En* I V SEVENTH COPY 269 constitute
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Enîv SEVENTH COPY 271 The text of
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THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF ENOCH (4QE
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THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 275 thir
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THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 277 Than
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Enastr* 7 i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC C
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Enastr^7i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC CAL
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Enastr^7i-m THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALEN
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Enastrîii CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
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Enastr
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Enasti*23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
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Enastr^23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
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Enastrâs CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
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Enastr*'28 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
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Enastr
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 299 complete
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 301 *[.,.] ^
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 303 Here the
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 305 At line
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 307 east, be
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 309 {page 2)
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EnGiants* i, 2, 3 FIRST COPY 311 4Q
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EnGiants»7 FIRST COPY 313 xiî min
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EnGiants* 8 FIRST COPY 315 pD"? Kin
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EnGiants* ii, 12, 13 FIRST COPY 317
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LATER HISTORY 319 the cursing of th
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LATER HISTORY 321 and *Aza'el, to w
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LATER HISTORY 323 e D F E aasrna Ki
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LATER HISTORY 325 .aVirn annn^ Kin
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LATER HISTORY 327 Translation of th
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LATER HISTORY 329 every (sin) with
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LATER HISTORY 33i Grunbaum {Ges. Au
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LATER HISTORY 333 The narrative of
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LATER HISTORY 335 '^[. . .] and the
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LATER HISTORY 337 subject of the Wa
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LATER HISTORY 339 information discu
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 34X miz?
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 343 ] ia-i
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 345 24 vac
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 347 2 I la
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 349 x-'lot
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 351 I xii
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION T * » r ]
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 355 n -jDi
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 357 I xxvi
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION ntrs7 inY?
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DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 361 nas2 p
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ADDENDUM TO P. 106 rfj KvpcaKfj TTp
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INDEXES Passages of Enoch preserved
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GLOSSARIES Aramaic-Greek-Ethiopic G
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ARAMAIC-GREEK-ETHIOPIC GLOSSARY 369
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GREEK-ARAMAIC iv: \ (bnp) p , bv; c
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GREEK-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY rptjSo): ppl
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'amed: IIDS; 'arah: lira *araya\ ID
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maki'ibtt: mali'ak: TV, tr?np, pi m
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ETHIOPIC-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY 407 tiwle
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INDEX OF QUOTATIONS, TEXTS, AND MAN
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GENERAL INDEX Aalen, A., 72 Aaron,
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Bardy, G., 19, nS Bar-Lamek, 31, 34
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GENERAL INDEX 431 Enoch, passim; or
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GENERAL INDEX 433 Haurvatdt 'Integr
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Mapar'elf 12th fallen angel, 150-1,
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Salmanassar, 254 Sdniy Middle Persi
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GENERAL INDEX 439 vocabulary, words
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The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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