The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

78 INTRODUCTION
Book of Parables, which has the title 'the second vision of Enoch' at En.
37: I. Cf. also 'another book which Enoch wrote' in 108: i.
In fact, it seems to me that it is the third hypothesis which is the correct
one, for (i) Syncellus combines under the same title extracts which come
from two different Enochic works, the Book of Watchers and the Book of
Giants; (2) in summarizing the Astronomical Book, that is, the second
volume of the Enochic Pentateuch, Syncellus mentions only 'the Book of
Enoch' (and not 'the Second Book of Enoch'), that is, the same one as he
was quoting shortly before under the title of 'first book of Enoch'. If this
supposition is correct, Panodorus must have been aware of the existence of
the Book of Parables, although he probably did not quote it. It is possible
that it appeared to him as being of too obviously recent and Christian composition;
if so, he showed more critical sense than the majority of modern
scholars. However, he would be, in a rather indirect way, the first witness
of the existence of the Parables, the composition of which goes back, in my
opinion, to the second half of the third century A.D. (see below, pp. 94-6).
THE
LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANSLATIONS
Quintus Septimius Florens TertuUianus (d. post A.D. 220) was one of the
most assiduous readers of the Enochic works in early Christian times. The
majority of his approximate quotations and allusions refer to chapters 6 ff.
of the Book of Watchers. De virginibtis velandis 7. 4-8^ and De idololatria 9^
refer to En. 6: 1-2 (and to parallel passages of the same book) and also to
Gen. 6: 1-2 (which is quoted explicitly). De cultu feminarumy i. 2 and ii. lo^
refers more specifically to En. 8: 1-3: 'Quod si idem angeli, qui et materias
et eiusmodi inlecebras detexerunt, auri dico et lapidum inlustrium, et operas
eorum tradiderunt, etiam ipsum calliblepharum' (icaAAtjSAe^a/oov of C as
against /caAAcDTrt^ecv of S) 'vellerumque tincturas (ra j3a^t/ca) inter cetera
docuerunt, damnati a deo sunt, ut Enoch refert' (ii. 10, p. 88, 18-22). The
text of En. 8: i that TertuUian read was closer to the original than that of
C, S, and E (see below, notes to 4QEn^ i ii 26-8). On the teaching of astrology
by the angels (En. 8: 3) and the interdict from heaven (En. 14: 5) see De
idol. 9; with En. 15: 8-9 compare Apologeticum, xxii;^ on the mention of
' Ed. Aem. Kroymann and V. Bulhart, 20 (1890), 38.
CSEL 76 (1957), 89-90. 3 Kroymann, CSEL 70 (1942), 60-1 and 88.
^ A. Reifferscheid and G. Wissowa, CSEL ^ H. Hoppe, CSEL 69 (i939), 61.