The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 31 that 'la tradition juive avait bloqu6 sur le personnage d'Henoch deux sortes de renseignements puises dans la legende m^sopotamienne: le role d'Enmeduranki [seventh or eighth antediluvian king] comme initiateur de la civilisation et celui de Xisouthros comme transmetteur de la sagesse ant^diluvienne par ses livres, les seuls qui aient survecu a la catastrophe' (p. 25). He assumes that 'le cadre de la captivity babylonienne constitue le Sitz im Leben ou la legende en cause trouve sa place idoine et ou son origine s'explique au mieux' (p. 195). However, in his opinion, it was at first just haggadic, anonymous tradition, transmitted orally, and the earliest written version was not made until the fifth century, by the redactors of the Pentateuch in their sacred priestly history (source P) represented by the current text of Genesis. The very close interdependence of En. 6-19 and Gen. 6: 1-4 is perfectly obvious; the same phrases and analogous expressions are repeated in the two texts. The table which follows on p. 32 shows this clearly. The ineluctable solution, it seems to me, is that it is the text of Gen. 6: 1-4, which, by its abridged and allusive formulation, deliberately refers back to our Enochic document, two or three phrases of which it quotes verbatim. We should recall that this kind of stylistic usage was quite widespread in early times. In the same brief and recapitulatory way the author of the Book of Watchers refers, in his last chapters, to the Astronomical Book of Enoch; similarly, the author of the Epistle of Enoch summarizes in En. 106-7 a more detailed account of the birth of Noah. If my hypothesis is correct, the work incorporated in En. 6-19 is earlier than the definitive version of the first chapters of Genesis. It is thus contemporary with, if not older than, the calendrical document attributed to Enoch, which was also exploited thoroughly by the final redactors of the Pentateuch. ^ Both are perhaps of Samaritan origin. We should note in addition that the ideas of the author of En. 6-19 on the antediluvian patriarchs scarcely correspond to those in list P in Gen. 5. The downfall of the angels certainly takes place.^ But it takes place after the removal of Enoch to paradise (12: 1-4), which agrees better with the Enoch- 'Irad sequence of Gen. 4: 18 than with the sequence Jared-Enoch of Gen. 5: 18. Noah, besides, is certainly 'son of Lamech' or even, since his name is not mentioned, quite simply ^Bar-Lamk (En. 10: i). * Above, p. 8. Below, pp. 248-52, we shall to it in En. 10: 12. prove the existence of a sacred history divided * 1*T (En* i iii 4; En. 6: 6), but not into seventy weeks, which in turn precedes En. yet TÎJ^ TT (En^ 5 ii 17; En. 106: 13). 6-19, since there is an unquestionable allusion
32 INTRODUCTION En. (C et 4Q) Gen. (LXX) Gen. (MT) {6:i)Kaliyiu€ro5rav{ir)7]^ (6: l) Kal iyivero rjviKa D I X N bnn \ T I (6: i) *'TfD) iTTXrjOvvOrjcav oi viol rjpâVTO oi dvOpomoi ttoXXoI T(x)v dvdpwirayv iv iKeivais yiveoOai inl ttjs yrjs Kal raZs rjiJLepaLs iyemrqdrjaav Ovyaripes iyevqOrjaav avroZg, (2) nn^ mm {+avTOi£ S et E) dvyarepes (2) *I86vr€s Se oi viol rod (hpalai Kal KaXai (yVQID deov rds dvyarepas rwv in|Ti M N dvdpco'TTWv OTi KoXai elaiVy NAD Dixn [. . (2) Kal iOedaavTO avrds oi ayyeXoi (iyprjyopoi S) viol ovpavov . . . p [pn*? 13D2] (7: i) Of. 15: 11; 16: i; En« I iii 17 (En. 7: i):p'?^na nn XS7NX (cf. En. 7: 2f.: icat -ô-av avâvofievoL Kara TTjv fieyaXetorrjra avrcjv) (7: l) » fcai TJpâvTO eloTropeveaOai irpos avrds . . . pnia ]it33 nnni (2) (15: 8-9) oi ylyavres . . . TTvevfjixiTa L(TXOpd . . . Store aTTO to)]/ dvorripoyv iyivovrOy Kal iK TCOV dytxjDV iyprqyopayv Tj dpxfj Tfjs KTiacojg avrcbv Kal dpxrj defxeXlov eXaôv eavTols ywaiKas diro iraacoVy Sv iêXeâvro . . . (4) oi Se yiyavres ôav inl TTJg yijs iv rats rjfiepais iKeivais Kal /act* iKelvo, d)s dv eloTTOpevovTo oi viol rov boji nm nnb rn D^'psin (4)... nnn D31 DNN DÂâ pxa •'la IKA*' NTT?x p nnx mxn mia D\n^xn Oeov TTpos rds Ovyarepas rtov OTbT) Sam.) H'?''! dvdpo)TTO}V Kal iyewwaav eavTOLS' iKelvoi oi yiyavres NI&x •Dnain NAN DN"?* oi an alwvoSy oi dvBpomoi 01 ovofiaaroL a-a DHV om. Onq; OnSi DHV 4Q 180 I 8, omai NANV 4Q 181 2 2—Gen. 6: i, 2,46 taken over by Jub. 5: i (for *sons of God' 'angels of God, in a year of this Jubilee'. «-a Cf 9:8-9: Kal inopev- Orjoav TTpos rds dvyarepas rcov dvdpd)TT(x}v rrjs yfjs . • . Kal oi ywaiKes iyiwrjoav Tirdvas (koI vvv ISov ai Bvyarepes roiv dvdpwTTCov ereKov i^ avrcbv viovs yiyavras S); 15: 3: kol iXdêre iavroZs ywaiKas . . . Kal iyewqoare eavrots reKva vioifs yiyavras
Page 2 and 3: THE BOOKS OF ENOCH ARAMAIC FRAGMENT
Page 4 and 5: PREFACE THE year 1971 was the 150th
Page 6: PREFACE vii effectively preserved o
Page 9 and 10: X CONTENTS THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF
Page 12 and 13: ABBREVIATIONS C Cairo papyrus 10759
Page 14: ABBREVIATIONS SC Sources chretienne
Page 18 and 19: INTRODUCTION THE main purpose of th
Page 20 and 21: ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 5 The destru
Page 22 and 23: ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 7 acknowledg
Page 24 and 25: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 9 (r^v aarpoX
Page 26 and 27: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK ii as it may,
Page 28 and 29: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 13 The origin
Page 30 and 31: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 15 On the oth
Page 32 and 33: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 17 FIG. 2. Th
Page 34 and 35: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 19 The charac
Page 36 and 37: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 21 surely be
Page 38 and 39: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 23 ''ID 'many'
Page 40 and 41: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 25 showed him
Page 42 and 43: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS a? We can read
Page 44 and 45: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 29 to men'; 'M
Page 48 and 49: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 33 The dwolUng
Page 50 and 51: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 35 bill of ind
Page 52 and 53: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 37 towards Beq
Page 54 and 55: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 39 and hence i
Page 56 and 57: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 41 Astronomica
Page 58 and 59: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 43 At the beginn
Page 60 and 61: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 45 angels and th
Page 62 and 63: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 47 (Xn''3; En.
Page 64 and 65: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 49 was to surv
Page 66 and 67: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 51 ear to ever
Page 68 and 69: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH S3 world of me
Page 70 and 71: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 55 the last ex
Page 72 and 73: THE BOOK OF GIANTS 57 ceding text b
Page 74 and 75: (59) ENOCHIC WRITINGS AND ESSENE FR
Page 76 and 77: ENOCHIC W R I T I N G S A N D E S S
Page 78 and 79: I ST year 2 Delayah 3 Me'ozyah 4 Yo
Page 86 and 87: THE GREEK VERSION 71 blank leaf, th
Page 88 and 89: THE GREEK VERSION 73 Quite recently
Page 90 and 91: THE GREEK VERSION 75 hand of this m
Page 92 and 93: THE GREEK VERSION 77 fought (above,
Page 94 and 95: THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 96 and 97:
THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 98 and 99:
THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 100 and 101:
THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 85 y. Mu
Page 102 and 103:
THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 87 61: 6
Page 104 and 105:
CHAPTER III WORKS ATTRIBUTED TO ENO
Page 106 and 107:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 91 of the just
Page 108 and 109:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 93 Titans, Gia
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THE BOOK OF PARABLES 95 'Again he w
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THE BOOK OF PARABLES 97 Coptic Enoc
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THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS 99
Page 116 and 117:
THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS loi
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 109 Christian, t
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THE SLAVONIC ENOCH in and give a ca
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THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 113 pp. 40-1) an
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THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 115 Methuselah,
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THE MIDDLE AGES 117 defeat of the A
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THE MIDDLE AGES 119 During his visi
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THE MIDDLE AGES 121 riiiipais avTiK
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THE MIDDLE AGES 123 A rich iconogra
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(125) ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATU
Page 142 and 143:
ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATURE 127
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Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150:
Page 154 and 155:
THE BOOKS OF ENOCH FIRST COPY (4QEn
Page 156 and 157:
En» I i FIRST COPY 141 form is 'Ap
Page 158 and 159:
En* I i FIRST COPY 143 The text of
Page 160 and 161:
En* I i-ii FIRST COPY 145 phrase iv
Page 162 and 163:
En» I ii FIRST COPY 147 (consider)
Page 164 and 165:
En* I ii FIRST COPY 149 LI. 9/10. A
Page 166 and 167:
En* I iii FIRST COPY 151 [« Ând t
Page 168 and 169:
En* I iii FIRST COPY 153 4QEN ». b
Page 170 and 171:
EnMiii FIRST COPY 155 (b) In this c
Page 172 and 173:
En* I iii-iv FIRST COPY 157 L. 15.
Page 174 and 175:
En* I IV FIRST COPY 159 LI. 1-5 (En
Page 176 and 177:
En* I iv-v FIRST COPY i6i of the de
Page 178 and 179:
En» I vi FIRST COPY 163 [. . . 2Â
Page 180 and 181:
En^ I i-ii SECOND COPY 165 He: n**^
Page 182 and 183:
En" I ii SECOND COPY ^ 167 [xnnxi B
Page 184 and 185:
En^ I ii SECOND COPY 169 iToi€LV
Page 186 and 187:
En" 1 iii SECOND COPY 171 Koam NX'?
Page 188 and 189:
En^ I iii SECOND COPY 173 19:1; 21:
Page 190 and 191:
En^ I iii-iv SECOND COPY 175 L. 16.
Page 192 and 193:
En^ I vi SECOND COPY 177 I find a r
Page 194 and 195:
THIRD COPY 179 The arrangement of t
Page 196 and 197:
THIRD COPY i8i The etymological Ale
Page 198 and 199:
THIRD COPY 183 Remember, however, t
Page 200 and 201:
En
Page 202 and 203:
En^ I i THIRD COPY 187 L. 19. The p
Page 204 and 205:
En'^ I V THIRD COPY 189 [« 7And] t
Page 206 and 207:
En ]irm. With the expression *f ^31
Page 208 and 209:
En« I vi THIRD COPY 193 lâ*'? n ]
Page 210 and 211:
En^îvi THIRD COPY 195 on [sitting
Page 212 and 213:
En'îvi THIRD COPY 197 L. 6. Note t
Page 214 and 215:
En 5- L. 24. For see En^ 1 xi 6. LI
Page 216 and 217:
En
Page 218 and 219:
En'îxiii THIRD COPY 203 KoX rwv) d
Page 220 and 221:
En
Page 222 and 223:
En^Si THIRD COPY 207 ]ir)[2x n n^^s
Page 224 and 225:
En^sii THIRD COPY 209 before ws epe
Page 226 and 227:
En«5ii THIRD COPY 211 The identifi
Page 228 and 229:
En'^Sii THIRD COPY 213 paradisum vo
Page 230 and 231:
En«5ii THIRD COPY 215 ÎdpeO Kard^
Page 232 and 233:
En
Page 234 and 235:
End I xi FOURTH COPY 219 preceding
Page 236 and 237:
End I xii FOURTH COPY 221 xniD r\Db
Page 238 and 239:
End2ii FOURTH COPY 223 [. . . "And
Page 240 and 241:
En^zm FOURTH COPY 225 in Dan. 8:4;
Page 242 and 243:
FIFTH COPY 227 Just as with the scr
Page 244 and 245:
EnMxxii FIFTH COPY 229 L. 2. The le
Page 246 and 247:
EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 231 {avTTwv C),
Page 248 and 249:
EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 233 Paraphrasing
Page 250 and 251:
En'ixxvii FIFTH COPY 235 -[laK ] 4-
Page 252 and 253:
En* 2 and 3 FIFTH COPY 237 [ ]x2n s
Page 254 and 255:
En«4i FIFTH COPY 239 [and perishin
Page 256 and 257:
En«4ii FIFTH COPY 241 [xmn Kmn KHV
Page 258 and 259:
En* 4 iii FIFTH COPY 243 oppressed
Page 260 and 261:
En^ I SIXTH COPY 245 in n^'na'? man
Page 262 and 263:
SEVENTH COPY 247 the other four col
Page 264 and 265:
SEVENTH COPY 249 4Q180 I margin [ni
Page 266 and 267:
SEVENTH COPY 251 Lines 1-5 of 181 2
Page 268 and 269:
SEVENTH COPY 253 of the Greek versi
Page 270 and 271:
SEVENTH COPY 255 to quote here (alo
Page 272 and 273:
SEVENTH COPY 257 Jewish work: yeypa
Page 274 and 275:
En« I i SEVENTH COPY 259 Sometimes
Page 276 and 277:
En« I ii SEVENTH COPY 261 Only E t
Page 278 and 279:
En8 I iii SEVENTH COPY 263 L. 23. I
Page 280 and 281:
En« I iv SEVENTH COPY 265 m*'; L.
Page 282 and 283:
En8 I iv SEVENTH COPY 267 wicked, a
Page 284 and 285:
En* I V SEVENTH COPY 269 constitute
Page 286 and 287:
Enîv SEVENTH COPY 271 The text of
Page 288 and 289:
THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF ENOCH (4QE
Page 290 and 291:
THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 275 thir
Page 292 and 293:
THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 277 Than
Page 294 and 295:
Enastr* 7 i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC C
Page 296 and 297:
Enastr^7i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC CAL
Page 298 and 299:
Enastr^7i-m THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALEN
Page 300 and 301:
Enastrîii CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
Page 302 and 303:
Enastr
Page 304 and 305:
Enasti*23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 306 and 307:
Enastr^23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 308 and 309:
Enastrâs CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 310 and 311:
Enastr*'28 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
Page 312 and 313:
Enastr
Page 314 and 315:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 299 complete
Page 316 and 317:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 301 *[.,.] ^
Page 318 and 319:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 303 Here the
Page 320 and 321:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 305 At line
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PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 307 east, be
Page 324 and 325:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 309 {page 2)
Page 326 and 327:
EnGiants* i, 2, 3 FIRST COPY 311 4Q
Page 328 and 329:
EnGiants»7 FIRST COPY 313 xiî min
Page 330 and 331:
EnGiants* 8 FIRST COPY 315 pD"? Kin
Page 332 and 333:
EnGiants* ii, 12, 13 FIRST COPY 317
Page 334 and 335:
LATER HISTORY 319 the cursing of th
Page 336 and 337:
LATER HISTORY 321 and *Aza'el, to w
Page 338 and 339:
LATER HISTORY 323 e D F E aasrna Ki
Page 340 and 341:
LATER HISTORY 325 .aVirn annn^ Kin
Page 342 and 343:
LATER HISTORY 327 Translation of th
Page 344 and 345:
LATER HISTORY 329 every (sin) with
Page 346 and 347:
LATER HISTORY 33i Grunbaum {Ges. Au
Page 348 and 349:
LATER HISTORY 333 The narrative of
Page 350 and 351:
LATER HISTORY 335 '^[. . .] and the
Page 352 and 353:
LATER HISTORY 337 subject of the Wa
Page 354 and 355:
LATER HISTORY 339 information discu
Page 356 and 357:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 34X miz?
Page 358 and 359:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 343 ] ia-i
Page 360 and 361:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 345 24 vac
Page 362 and 363:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 347 2 I la
Page 364 and 365:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 349 x-'lot
Page 366 and 367:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 351 I xii
Page 368 and 369:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION T * » r ]
Page 370 and 371:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 355 n -jDi
Page 372 and 373:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 357 I xxvi
Page 374 and 375:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION ntrs7 inY?
Page 376 and 377:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 361 nas2 p
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ADDENDUM TO P. 106 rfj KvpcaKfj TTp
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INDEXES Passages of Enoch preserved
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GLOSSARIES Aramaic-Greek-Ethiopic G
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ARAMAIC-GREEK-ETHIOPIC GLOSSARY 369
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Page 388 and 389:
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Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
GREEK-ARAMAIC iv: \ (bnp) p , bv; c
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GREEK-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY rptjSo): ppl
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'amed: IIDS; 'arah: lira *araya\ ID
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maki'ibtt: mali'ak: TV, tr?np, pi m
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ETHIOPIC-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY 407 tiwle
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INDEX OF QUOTATIONS, TEXTS, AND MAN
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Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
GENERAL INDEX Aalen, A., 72 Aaron,
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Bardy, G., 19, nS Bar-Lamek, 31, 34
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GENERAL INDEX 431 Enoch, passim; or
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GENERAL INDEX 433 Haurvatdt 'Integr
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Mapar'elf 12th fallen angel, 150-1,
Page 452 and 453:
Salmanassar, 254 Sdniy Middle Persi
Page 454:
GENERAL INDEX 439 vocabulary, words
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The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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