The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

320 THE BOOK OF GIANTS
of Giants. In any case, it did not form part of the Book of Watchers, since
it is missing in both the Akhmim papyrus and in the Ethiopic version.
A second piece of evidence that the Book of Giants was known in the
Greek world is perhaps to be found in an allusion made by Hegemonius,
Acta Archelai, ch. XXXVI (ed. Ch. H. Beeson, 1906, p. 51):
'Angelorum quidam, mandato Dei non subditi, voluntati eius restiterunt,
et aliquis quidem de caelo, tanquam fulgur ignis, cecidit super terram, alii
vero in felicitate hominum filiabus admixti, a dracone afflicti, ignis aeterni
poenam suscipere meruerunt.'
The phrase 'afflicted by the dragon' is without any parallel in the Book of
Watchers. It refers perhaps to Leviathan, who may have dominated the
giants, who was to be conquered by 'Ohyah, son of the chief of the Watchers.
On the other hand, two references to the Book of Giants, entirely unquestionable,
are to be found in late Jewish Talmudic and Midrashic literature.
First an allusion in the Babylonian Talmud, Niddah 61 a (ix, 5):
'And the Lord said unto Moses: "Fear him not (Num. 21: 34 and Deut.
3: 2)." Consider: Sihon and 'Og were brothers, for Master stated, 'Sihon
and 'Og were the sons of Ahiyah the son of Shemhazai' (nt&D IDX*'!
mnm rv^m '•n iis7i iin^'o naxT nn •'nx m^ pn^o nsa xn^'n bv.
lin). Then why was it that he feared *0g while he did not fear Sihon?
Johanan citing R. Simon b. Yohai replied: 'From the answer that was given
(by God) to that righteous man (sc. Moses) you may understand what was
in his heart. He thought: Peradventure the merit of our father Abraham
will stand by him (sc. 'Og), for it is said, "And there came one that had
escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew (Gen. 14: 13)", in connection with
which R. Johanan explained: 'this refers to 'Og who escaped the fate of the
generation of the flood' ("pua nna Jis;HT ]2nr naxi).'i
The second section of the first Semitic passage quoted here is shortened
as follows in the famous manuscript of the Talmud preserved in the Munich
library, MS. Heb. 95, f. 269^ (facsimile edition by J. Schnorr von Carolsfeld,
i, Leiden 1912): X^^H Vm (or XnnX?) X^HX ]in^O HDa. In this
version there is first of all a haplography by homoeoarcton, then corruption
of the name of the father to X^'THX, and finally alteration of *'XTna!& to X^'Tl laiZ?,
this last feature constituting an implicit reference to the midrash of Shemhazai
' I. Epstein, The Babylonian Talmud, Seder translation by L. Goldschmidt, vol. ix, [i934]>
Toharoth, 1948, p. 433; Semitic text (from the pp. 918-19.
Bomberg edition, Venice 1520-3) and German