The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

240 THE BOOKS OF ENOCH En« 4 "
however, that the Ethiopic naqi'Sy *fons, scaturigo', is connected with niqi'at,
hiatus'; the underground springs of the water-reservoirs reach the surface through
'fissura, rima,
fissures
(below, 4 ii 2 note). The ]''*lin are the chambers, the subterranean reservoirs of the waters, just
as there are Hinn for the tempest (Job 37: 9) and "^IIT] for the stars (Job 9: 9) and Orjcravpol
for the stars and natural phenomena (En. 17: 3 and 18: i). It may be said in passing that this
lexical coincidence favours an Aramaic original for the book of Job, and not a Hebrew one
where one would expect (m)'n!!J1K. Aramaic fragments of Job have been identified among the
manuscripts of Cave 4 and Cave 11 of Qumran; the latter edited by J. P. M. Van der Ploeg,
A. S. Van der Woude, and B. Jongeling, Le Targum dejob de la Grotte XI de Qumrdn, Leiden
1971. For our verse compare especially En. 17: 7-8: Ihov . . . rr^v cKxvmv TTJS d^vaaov wdvTwv
vhdro)v tSov TO arofia TTJS yfjs (read Tnjyijs with Dillmann) TrdvTOJv TWV Trorafjuov KOL TO arofia
TTJs d^vaaov (see above, pp. 39--40).—KS7'nX, twice: see the note to the preceding verse.
L. 19 (En. 89: 4). The end of v. 3 and v. 4 appear in En® in the form 'until the earth was
covered by waters *[and by darkness and by mist and they were] standing upon it'. In E it is
much more developed: 'until all the earth (E^) was covered with water. '•And the water and the
darkness and the mist increased above it. And I saw the height of this water; and this water
rose above this enclosure, and it spilled over this enclosure and it stood upon the earth.'
Ll. 19-20 (En. 89: 5). The text of En® is shorter here too: 'and the oxen were submerged and
engulfed [and perished in these waters]'. In E: 'and all the cattle of this enclosure were assembled,
until I saw them submerged and engulfed and destroyed in this water'.
Ll. 20-1 (En. 89: 6). 'The elephants and the camels and the asses' E, the order which is also
found in the Ethiopic text of En. 86:4; 87:4; 88: 2. In En® the order of the animals is different:
'[the wild asses and the camels or the camels and the wild asses] and the elephants'. These are
the three categories of giants which Syncellus enumerates in his quotation of En. 7, but which
appear neither in C nor E nor our Aramaic manuscripts of En* and En^ (above, p. 157). Syncellus,
or rather his predecessors Annianus and Panodorus, could have derived their information
from Jub. 7: 22 (Giants, NdfidimjNdfil,
^Elyo), or from the Book of Giants, but this tradition
is older than the composition of both books, since our writer of the sacred history makes an
unmistakable reference to it, which is based on a play on words and assonances: K^'n^S?—
'EXiovh, X^^ai—XnnJ, X'^^^D—K^^^DI The Nephilim are mentioned in En. 15: 11 and
16: i; frequently, too, in 4QEnGiants^> ^. In En. 10: 9 the descendants of the Watchers and
the daughters of men are likewise divided into three categories: mamzirayd—^the
bastards, the
sons of courtesans, the children of the Watchers.—D*'0 1*1*', 'they sank in the waters' En®:
'they sank in the earth' E. The Aramaic writer borrowed the verb from Exod. 15: i: DDD^X)
fjlD a^2 lS;nt3 rVJ'^m O'^n r\T ^b^rV\ nynS (cf. nan in verse 21). Note moreover
the parallelism of the verbs (line 19) and 7W\ in En®, however, this last verb is
used in the intransitive sense.
4QEn« 4 ii—En. 89: 7-16 (PI. XX)
[]i x»") ]a iN'7Dnn K^3n]a ^a['7n3 n^Tn mav]
'Xim s^av in^ns ]^nnx ]mn]i rryo xmn [•'srj?ai]