The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 5 The destruction wrought by Roman soldiers, by rodents, by insects, and above all by the ravages of the centuries on the treasures of the central library of the Essene settlement at Hirbet Qumran, hidden in Cave 4 in the summer of the year 68, has had a merciless effect on our Enochic manuscripts. Scarcely any fragments offer continuous, or almost continuous, passages of the text. The majority are reduced to tiny pieces, in truth minute crumbs, whose identification, direct and indirect association, and combination into a restored text, demanded great reserves of patience and ingenuity. To quote a novelist: *I1 se mit a etudier le rouleau avec la patience fr^n^tique qui caract^rise ce genre de savants, capables de perdre la vue en ^tudiant pendant vingt ans un fragment des Manuscrits de la Mer Morte.'^ Fig. I tabulates the fragments of 4QEn in relation to the sections of the Ethiopic Enoch. If we compare the sections represented by our fragments of 4QEn (including the restored text) with the Ethiopic text, the balance appears fairly satisfactory. For the first book of Enoch, the Book of Watchers, we can calculate that exactly 50 per cent of the text is covered by the Aramaic fragments; for the third, the Astronomical Book, 30 per cent; for the fourth, the Book of Dreams, 26 per cent; for the fifth, the Epistle of Enoch, 18 per cent. Fig. I also makes clear the 'codicological status' of the scrolls of 4QEnoch. It can be seen that En"" brought together in the same volume three of the documents attributed to the antediluvian patriarch, the first, the fourth, and the fifth; to these should be added, in all probability, the Book of Giants, which came after the Book of Watchers. En ^ and En® each contained the first and the fourth book; both were perhaps originally tetralogies. The scribes of En* and En^ probably transcribed only the Book of Watchers, whilst the scribe of En^ copied only the Epistle. The special case of the Astronomical Book will be discussed presently. The dates of the 4QEn manuscripts are spread over the second and first centuries B.C.: En* was written in the first half, En^ in the middle, and En^ (represented by only one fragment, written by the same copyist as that of 4QTestLevi^) in the third quarter of the second century; En* was written in the first half, En^ in the middle, and En^ (of which En*^ seems to be a more or less contemporary copy) in the last third of the first century. However approximate these dates may be (and I would be the first to " G. Kersch, *Le secret de la bouteille' in Histoires h faire peur prdsentdes par A, Hitchcock, Paris 1967, p. 115.
Books of Enoch from Qumran Cave 4 Book of Watchers [En, 1-36],Book of Dreams [En.83-90]. Epistle of Enoch [En.91-107] 4Q En^ En" En^ End En« En^ En astr^ Astronomical Book of Enoch [En.72-82] Calendar 1- -36 1- Enastrb -22 23 76:13- 77:4 24 78:4 25 78:9-12 26 79:3-6+ 78:16- 79:2 27 82:2[?] 28 82:9 13 Enastrc 1i 76:3-10 ii 76:13- 77:4 iii 78:6-8 En , astral li-iii cf. 82:20 1 i 1:1-6 ii 2^1-5:6 iii 6:4-8:1 iv 8:3-9:3, 6-8 V 10:3-4 vi 10:21-11:1; 12:4-6 [Ii ii 5:9-6:4; 6:7-8:1 iii 8:2-9:4 iv 10:8-12 [V vi 14:4-6 Ii 1:9-5:1 ii 6:7 [iii- * • -iv] V 10:13-19; 12:3 vi 13: 6- 14:16 vii 14:18-20; [?] 15:11 viii 18:8-12 [ix- -xij xii 30:1- 32:1 xiii 35:1- 36:4 -x] 22:13-24 :1 xii 25:7-27:1 [1i- [1i- -xix] XX 18:15[?] xxi 21:2-4 xxii 22:3-7 • -xxv] xxvi 28:3-29: 2;31:2-32:3 xxvii 32:3-6; 33:4-34:1 Book of Giants^ 9-10 [Book of Giants] 2-3 Book of Giants [?] 4i 88:3-89:6 1 86:1 -3 2i 89:11-14 ii 89:7-16 ii 89:29-31 iii 89:26-30 4 89:31-37 iii 89:43-44 Enfl 91:10+18-19; 92:1-2 92:5-93:4 93:9-10+91: 11-17 5i 104:13- 106:2 ii 106:13- 107:2 93:11-94:2 FIG. I. Table of identified fragments of 4QEnoch
Page 2 and 3: THE BOOKS OF ENOCH ARAMAIC FRAGMENT
Page 4 and 5: PREFACE THE year 1971 was the 150th
Page 6: PREFACE vii effectively preserved o
Page 9 and 10: X CONTENTS THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF
Page 12 and 13: ABBREVIATIONS C Cairo papyrus 10759
Page 14: ABBREVIATIONS SC Sources chretienne
Page 18 and 19: INTRODUCTION THE main purpose of th
Page 22 and 23: ARAMAIC BOOKS OF ENOCH 7 acknowledg
Page 24 and 25: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 9 (r^v aarpoX
Page 26 and 27: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK ii as it may,
Page 28 and 29: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 13 The origin
Page 30 and 31: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 15 On the oth
Page 32 and 33: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 17 FIG. 2. Th
Page 34 and 35: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 19 The charac
Page 36 and 37: THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK 21 surely be
Page 38 and 39: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 23 ''ID 'many'
Page 40 and 41: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 25 showed him
Page 42 and 43: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS a? We can read
Page 44 and 45: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 29 to men'; 'M
Page 46 and 47: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 31 that 'la tr
Page 48 and 49: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 33 The dwolUng
Page 50 and 51: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 35 bill of ind
Page 52 and 53: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 37 towards Beq
Page 54 and 55: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 39 and hence i
Page 56 and 57: THE BOOK OF WATCHERS 41 Astronomica
Page 58 and 59: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 43 At the beginn
Page 60 and 61: THE BOOK OF DREAMS 45 angels and th
Page 62 and 63: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 47 (Xn''3; En.
Page 64 and 65: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 49 was to surv
Page 66 and 67: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 51 ear to ever
Page 68 and 69: THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH S3 world of me
Page 70 and 71:
THE EPISTLE OF ENOCH 55 the last ex
Page 72 and 73:
THE BOOK OF GIANTS 57 ceding text b
Page 74 and 75:
(59) ENOCHIC WRITINGS AND ESSENE FR
Page 76 and 77:
ENOCHIC W R I T I N G S A N D E S S
Page 78 and 79:
I ST year 2 Delayah 3 Me'ozyah 4 Yo
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
THE GREEK VERSION 71 blank leaf, th
Page 88 and 89:
THE GREEK VERSION 73 Quite recently
Page 90 and 91:
THE GREEK VERSION 75 hand of this m
Page 92 and 93:
THE GREEK VERSION 77 fought (above,
Page 94 and 95:
THE LATIN, COPTIC, AND SYRIAC TRANS
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 85 y. Mu
Page 102 and 103:
THE ETHIOPIC BOOK OF ENOCH 87 61: 6
Page 104 and 105:
CHAPTER III WORKS ATTRIBUTED TO ENO
Page 106 and 107:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 91 of the just
Page 108 and 109:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 93 Titans, Gia
Page 110 and 111:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 95 'Again he w
Page 112 and 113:
THE BOOK OF PARABLES 97 Coptic Enoc
Page 114 and 115:
THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS 99
Page 116 and 117:
THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS loi
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 109 Christian, t
Page 126 and 127:
THE SLAVONIC ENOCH in and give a ca
Page 128 and 129:
THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 113 pp. 40-1) an
Page 130 and 131:
THE SLAVONIC ENOCH 115 Methuselah,
Page 132 and 133:
THE MIDDLE AGES 117 defeat of the A
Page 134 and 135:
THE MIDDLE AGES 119 During his visi
Page 136 and 137:
THE MIDDLE AGES 121 riiiipais avTiK
Page 138 and 139:
THE MIDDLE AGES 123 A rich iconogra
Page 140 and 141:
(125) ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATU
Page 142 and 143:
ENOCH IN CABBALISTIC LITERATURE 127
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150:
Page 154 and 155:
THE BOOKS OF ENOCH FIRST COPY (4QEn
Page 156 and 157:
En» I i FIRST COPY 141 form is 'Ap
Page 158 and 159:
En* I i FIRST COPY 143 The text of
Page 160 and 161:
En* I i-ii FIRST COPY 145 phrase iv
Page 162 and 163:
En» I ii FIRST COPY 147 (consider)
Page 164 and 165:
En* I ii FIRST COPY 149 LI. 9/10. A
Page 166 and 167:
En* I iii FIRST COPY 151 [« Ând t
Page 168 and 169:
En* I iii FIRST COPY 153 4QEN ». b
Page 170 and 171:
EnMiii FIRST COPY 155 (b) In this c
Page 172 and 173:
En* I iii-iv FIRST COPY 157 L. 15.
Page 174 and 175:
En* I IV FIRST COPY 159 LI. 1-5 (En
Page 176 and 177:
En* I iv-v FIRST COPY i6i of the de
Page 178 and 179:
En» I vi FIRST COPY 163 [. . . 2Â
Page 180 and 181:
En^ I i-ii SECOND COPY 165 He: n**^
Page 182 and 183:
En" I ii SECOND COPY ^ 167 [xnnxi B
Page 184 and 185:
En^ I ii SECOND COPY 169 iToi€LV
Page 186 and 187:
En" 1 iii SECOND COPY 171 Koam NX'?
Page 188 and 189:
En^ I iii SECOND COPY 173 19:1; 21:
Page 190 and 191:
En^ I iii-iv SECOND COPY 175 L. 16.
Page 192 and 193:
En^ I vi SECOND COPY 177 I find a r
Page 194 and 195:
THIRD COPY 179 The arrangement of t
Page 196 and 197:
THIRD COPY i8i The etymological Ale
Page 198 and 199:
THIRD COPY 183 Remember, however, t
Page 200 and 201:
En
Page 202 and 203:
En^ I i THIRD COPY 187 L. 19. The p
Page 204 and 205:
En'^ I V THIRD COPY 189 [« 7And] t
Page 206 and 207:
En ]irm. With the expression *f ^31
Page 208 and 209:
En« I vi THIRD COPY 193 lâ*'? n ]
Page 210 and 211:
En^îvi THIRD COPY 195 on [sitting
Page 212 and 213:
En'îvi THIRD COPY 197 L. 6. Note t
Page 214 and 215:
En 5- L. 24. For see En^ 1 xi 6. LI
Page 216 and 217:
En
Page 218 and 219:
En'îxiii THIRD COPY 203 KoX rwv) d
Page 220 and 221:
En
Page 222 and 223:
En^Si THIRD COPY 207 ]ir)[2x n n^^s
Page 224 and 225:
En^sii THIRD COPY 209 before ws epe
Page 226 and 227:
En«5ii THIRD COPY 211 The identifi
Page 228 and 229:
En'^Sii THIRD COPY 213 paradisum vo
Page 230 and 231:
En«5ii THIRD COPY 215 ÎdpeO Kard^
Page 232 and 233:
En
Page 234 and 235:
End I xi FOURTH COPY 219 preceding
Page 236 and 237:
End I xii FOURTH COPY 221 xniD r\Db
Page 238 and 239:
End2ii FOURTH COPY 223 [. . . "And
Page 240 and 241:
En^zm FOURTH COPY 225 in Dan. 8:4;
Page 242 and 243:
FIFTH COPY 227 Just as with the scr
Page 244 and 245:
EnMxxii FIFTH COPY 229 L. 2. The le
Page 246 and 247:
EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 231 {avTTwv C),
Page 248 and 249:
EnMxxvi FIFTH COPY 233 Paraphrasing
Page 250 and 251:
En'ixxvii FIFTH COPY 235 -[laK ] 4-
Page 252 and 253:
En* 2 and 3 FIFTH COPY 237 [ ]x2n s
Page 254 and 255:
En«4i FIFTH COPY 239 [and perishin
Page 256 and 257:
En«4ii FIFTH COPY 241 [xmn Kmn KHV
Page 258 and 259:
En* 4 iii FIFTH COPY 243 oppressed
Page 260 and 261:
En^ I SIXTH COPY 245 in n^'na'? man
Page 262 and 263:
SEVENTH COPY 247 the other four col
Page 264 and 265:
SEVENTH COPY 249 4Q180 I margin [ni
Page 266 and 267:
SEVENTH COPY 251 Lines 1-5 of 181 2
Page 268 and 269:
SEVENTH COPY 253 of the Greek versi
Page 270 and 271:
SEVENTH COPY 255 to quote here (alo
Page 272 and 273:
SEVENTH COPY 257 Jewish work: yeypa
Page 274 and 275:
En« I i SEVENTH COPY 259 Sometimes
Page 276 and 277:
En« I ii SEVENTH COPY 261 Only E t
Page 278 and 279:
En8 I iii SEVENTH COPY 263 L. 23. I
Page 280 and 281:
En« I iv SEVENTH COPY 265 m*'; L.
Page 282 and 283:
En8 I iv SEVENTH COPY 267 wicked, a
Page 284 and 285:
En* I V SEVENTH COPY 269 constitute
Page 286 and 287:
Enîv SEVENTH COPY 271 The text of
Page 288 and 289:
THE ASTRONOMICAL BOOK OF ENOCH (4QE
Page 290 and 291:
THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 275 thir
Page 292 and 293:
THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALENDAR 277 Than
Page 294 and 295:
Enastr* 7 i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC C
Page 296 and 297:
Enastr^7i-iii THE SYNCHRONISTIC CAL
Page 298 and 299:
Enastr^7i-m THE SYNCHRONISTIC CALEN
Page 300 and 301:
Enastrîii CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
Page 302 and 303:
Enastr
Page 304 and 305:
Enasti*23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 306 and 307:
Enastr^23 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 308 and 309:
Enastrâs CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-9
Page 310 and 311:
Enastr*'28 CORRESPONDING TO EN. 76-
Page 312 and 313:
Enastr
Page 314 and 315:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 299 complete
Page 316 and 317:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 301 *[.,.] ^
Page 318 and 319:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 303 Here the
Page 320 and 321:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 305 At line
Page 322 and 323:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 307 east, be
Page 324 and 325:
PARTIAL RECONSTRUCTION 309 {page 2)
Page 326 and 327:
EnGiants* i, 2, 3 FIRST COPY 311 4Q
Page 328 and 329:
EnGiants»7 FIRST COPY 313 xiî min
Page 330 and 331:
EnGiants* 8 FIRST COPY 315 pD"? Kin
Page 332 and 333:
EnGiants* ii, 12, 13 FIRST COPY 317
Page 334 and 335:
LATER HISTORY 319 the cursing of th
Page 336 and 337:
LATER HISTORY 321 and *Aza'el, to w
Page 338 and 339:
LATER HISTORY 323 e D F E aasrna Ki
Page 340 and 341:
LATER HISTORY 325 .aVirn annn^ Kin
Page 342 and 343:
LATER HISTORY 327 Translation of th
Page 344 and 345:
LATER HISTORY 329 every (sin) with
Page 346 and 347:
LATER HISTORY 33i Grunbaum {Ges. Au
Page 348 and 349:
LATER HISTORY 333 The narrative of
Page 350 and 351:
LATER HISTORY 335 '^[. . .] and the
Page 352 and 353:
LATER HISTORY 337 subject of the Wa
Page 354 and 355:
LATER HISTORY 339 information discu
Page 356 and 357:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 34X miz?
Page 358 and 359:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 343 ] ia-i
Page 360 and 361:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 345 24 vac
Page 362 and 363:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 347 2 I la
Page 364 and 365:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 349 x-'lot
Page 366 and 367:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 351 I xii
Page 368 and 369:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION T * » r ]
Page 370 and 371:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 355 n -jDi
Page 372 and 373:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 357 I xxvi
Page 374 and 375:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION ntrs7 inY?
Page 376 and 377:
DIPLOMATIC TRANSCRIPTION 361 nas2 p
Page 378 and 379:
ADDENDUM TO P. 106 rfj KvpcaKfj TTp
Page 380 and 381:
INDEXES Passages of Enoch preserved
Page 382 and 383:
GLOSSARIES Aramaic-Greek-Ethiopic G
Page 384 and 385:
ARAMAIC-GREEK-ETHIOPIC GLOSSARY 369
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
GREEK-ARAMAIC iv: \ (bnp) p , bv; c
Page 416 and 417:
GREEK-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY rptjSo): ppl
Page 418 and 419:
'amed: IIDS; 'arah: lira *araya\ ID
Page 420 and 421:
maki'ibtt: mali'ak: TV, tr?np, pi m
Page 422 and 423:
ETHIOPIC-ARAMAIC GLOSSARY 407 tiwle
Page 424 and 425:
INDEX OF QUOTATIONS, TEXTS, AND MAN
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
GENERAL INDEX Aalen, A., 72 Aaron,
Page 444 and 445:
Bardy, G., 19, nS Bar-Lamek, 31, 34
Page 446 and 447:
GENERAL INDEX 431 Enoch, passim; or
Page 448 and 449:
GENERAL INDEX 433 Haurvatdt 'Integr
Page 450 and 451:
Mapar'elf 12th fallen angel, 150-1,
Page 452 and 453:
Salmanassar, 254 Sdniy Middle Persi
Page 454:
GENERAL INDEX 439 vocabulary, words
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The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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