The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

172 THE BOOKS OF ENOCH En^ i iii
perish, reach up to the gates [of heaven. ^And they said to the holy ones of
heaven: *Now to you, the holy ones of] heaven, the souls [of men] are making
their suit [and saying: Bring our case before the Most High, and our destruction
before the majestic Glory, before the Lord of all Lords in majesty.'
4And] Rapha'el and Micha'el, [great Watchers and holy ones, went in and
said before the Lord of the world that Thou art] our great Lord; (Thou) art
Lord of the world; [Thou art Lord of Lords and God of Gods and King of
worlds]. Thy glorious throne is for every generation of generations which are
from eternity, [and Thy Name is holy, and great and blessed to all eternity,
and Thy ... is] sacred and ... to all [eternity . . .]
The identification and the placing of the small fragments r (lines 1-2), s (lines 6-7), t, w, and
V (lines lo-ii) are uncertain.
Texts for comparison: En» i iv (En. 8:3-9: 3), C, S, S' (En. 8:4-9: 4), E.
L. I (En. 8: 2). This verse appears to be well preserved in C, apart from {kox iavla67jaav}.
LL i-i I (En. 8: 3-9: 3) = En* i iv i-i i; see the commentary to En* loc. cit.
L. 7 (En. 9: i). [^]X*'nB?: this is the only place in 4QEn where the name of the second
archangel is preserved; it occurs three times in Enoch: here, in 10: i and in 20: 6. In 9: i the
Greek witnesses, C, S, S', have Ovpt'qX; E hesitates between •|7rW(MSS. t^u), and Sur*el{MSS
gmq), whilst the manuscripts of the group j8, and t^, duplicate this name in Surydn zva*Urydn
(or Surydl wa*Urydl).
In 10: I, for the name of the messenger of God to Noah, S has Ovpi'qX again, but C reads
^larparjX. In E only the MS. t, with its 'asr^*el{yer}y preserves a form relatively close to ^^lapa-qX
of the Greek archetype of E. Other manuscripts, and the MS. t with its ending, have very
strange forms in which one detects, however, a sort of lectio conflata of IsraSl, SuriSl, and UriSl,
written as one or as two names: ^Asurye ^Ulyer m, ^Asarya Uyer g, 'Asareye Lalyer q, ^Arsiya-
IdUyur most of the MSS. jS.—Only once the Greek of C and C preserves a faithful transcription
of '?Kni2?, in the list of archangels. En. 20: 6: Uapi^rjXy 6 els rcov (TO C) dylwv {ayiov C)
dyyeXwv 6 inl {enei C) tcjv TrvevpudTCov {irvaTCJV C) oltivIes {oitcivcs C) inl {enei. C) tw nvevpiaTi
{nvaTi, C) dpiapTdvovmv C (xxix^ 21-4) and C (xi'^ ii-i^)* This description, which is not at all
clear and has perhaps been recast in a Christian sense, must refer to that kind of sinner who
imitates the modes of life of the men and of the fallen angels who were living before the Flood.
E has a sHghtly different text: 'Sardqd'el {a-q), Saraqd'el{p)y one of the holy angels, who is (set)
over the spirits of mankind who sin (in) spirits'.
According to the same list ^Uriel, Tight of God', is also in charge of the world and of
Tartarus: OvpirjX, 6 cfs* tcjv dylcjv dyyeXcjv 6 inl tov Koapiov kol tov Taprdpov, En. 20: 2 (xxix^
14-15; cf. xi'" 1-4); in E 't/rV/(also in CSCO 2^5!Aeth 43, p. 78, 23: quotation of 19: 3-20: 2)
except ^Urd*el in gq. Tartarus is the prison of the stars and of the angels. En. 18-19
of which Ouriel is Guardian: OvpirjX 6 etcjv dylcjv dyyeXcjv os (o C) per ipov -ijv (tov C)
Kal avTos rjyeLTo avTwv {avTCJv Tjy, C) 21: 5 (C and C). He also acts as Enoch's guide, 18: 14;