The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

128 INTRODUCTION
Metatron the Great Scribe.'^ But the second part of this passage is certainly,
in my opinion, a very late addition, as it does not appear in other Palestinian
Targums.2
Now the concept of Metatron-Enoch as a single heavenly being is not
attested by the magical texts from Mesopotamia written in Judaeo-Babylonian
Aramaic, which date, I think, from the seventh to eighth centuries or even
from the ninth century. Odeberg does not mention them, though at the
time of his edition two good examples were known. I give all the passages
from the magical bowls relating to Metatron which are known at the present
time:
px'pa^ ns73i2? ]m
^x'^Dsnai 'px^'DDrn 'pK^'moDV "PK^.O "pxmn
T adjure you by holy angels and in the name of Metatron, the angel of...,
-dri'el and Nuri'el and -i'el and Sasgabi'el and Hafki'el and M^hafki'el:
these are the seven angels that go and turn around heavens and earth and
stars and constellations and moon and sea.'^
For the enigmatic term
see below, p. 133.—Name of the second angel:
^KnT3 Wohlstein, bifT^lT] Stube; name of the fourth angel: bK'DT] Wo., ^XmX
St.—nS732? with Wo., against 11X732? of St.—Reject the correction of ''DVDIVDa
(line 35 of this text) to ]nDt3*'a, suggested by St.
II. bivw ^aiz? '7X*'sr[?I2? nnx] u^^n rrm nnn b^s mn** nnx ^na
]nDD^a noairii ynnw [. .]n' m 'PK^MDB?
'Blessed art thou, Yahweh, on account of the Name; in thy name, thou
whose name is Y6fi*el, and Y®hi*el they call thee, whose names are Sangi'el,
Yahweh, Yave(?), Yh[. .], and Hermes Metatron Yah.'^
I Cf. the translation of J. W. Etheridge,
"J** nip p nDT»« DnX in the MS. Paris, Bibl.
1862 [1968], p. 175. Nat. Heb. no, f. 27.
^ Thus we read only Ulp XDttnpn H^DI 3 j. Wohlstein, Zeitschrift fUr Assyriologie,
Dip 1» na^aa W X OnX mn r\^b Km ix (1894), PP. 11-27 (magic bowl in the Berlin
XWIpn n*?D1 in the Targum Yerushalmi; Museum, VA 2416); R. Stube, Jiidisch-
1» na'^aa b^^nx aXin ]X STT rj^Vv Dip Babylonische Zaubertexte, 1895, PP. 22-32.
DTp (a-^ Kin n^'V Km 2» manu in marg. 4 A. Montgomery, Aramaic Incantation
dext.,^ i^manus, inmarg. sin., praemittithuic Texts from Nippur (Univ. of Pennsylvania,
verbo DIIK) in the MS. Rome, Vat. Neophyti I, The Museum Publications of the Babylonian
f. 10^, 8-10 (cf. the edition of A. Diez Macho, Section, iii), 1913, pp. 207-8 no. 25 (CBS
1968, p. 31 and pi. 12); nun nVsi T^rirn 16009) and pi. XXIV.
HDion mn na yvT pK n*'V Dip Kutmpn