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The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

The Books of Enoch, Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4

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THE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIODS 105<br />

Seele, die nicht verleumdet, noch falsch schwort, noch liigt, ist das<br />

Wohlgefallen Meines Vaters." S<strong>of</strong>ort nahm sie der starke Engel, wahrend<br />

wir sie sahen, und er begab sich mit ihr in die HimmeL' And further on,<br />

concerning another soul: 'Der Heiland antwortete und sprach: '*So wie<br />

ihr (sc. der Seele) Gemiit die Worte Meines Vaters liebte, brachte sie sie<br />

(sc. die Bucher) zum Orte des Lebens jedes Einzelnen, namlich der Kirche —<br />

sie werden sie zum Heiligtum des Lebens bringen, und liber sie wird im<br />

Buche des Lebens gelesen werden durch Henoch, den Schriftgelehrten<br />

der Gerechtigkeit (ewco^ nec^pijmo.^.Te'y^ Rr^xiR^wiocYitH) — und sie wird<br />

inmitten aller Jungfraulichen bis zum Tage der tausend Jahre weilen.'' Und<br />

Michael nahm sie. Er gab sie in die Hande der Heiligen Jungfraulichen im<br />

Paradiese des Lebens.'<br />

In an encomium on Saint Michael the Archangel attributed to <strong>The</strong>odosius,<br />

archbishop <strong>of</strong> Alexandria, '<strong>Enoch</strong> the righteous man (eittox n'xiui.ioc)'<br />

explains why he rejoices in the festival <strong>of</strong> Michael:^ T am rejoicing because<br />

it is I who write with my own hands in the register the sins, and the wickedness,<br />

and the good deeds which are committed in the whole world. And the<br />

holy Archangel Michael taketh them into the presence <strong>of</strong> God, and presenteth<br />

unto Him the good deeds, and for the bad deeds he maketh supplication<br />

unto Him, and he forgiveth those who belong to my race. For this reason<br />

I rejoice this day.'<br />

Following Crum's reference, one may add this passage in the Acts <strong>of</strong> a<br />

Martyr :2 'Quicumque scripserit martyrium tuum et agones tuos [sc. <strong>of</strong> Apa<br />

Anub from Naesi], praecipiam [sc. I, the Saviour] <strong>Enoch</strong> scribae iustitiae<br />

(eitiox nnTpi.juijjii.TeYc HTe ^•xReocyitH) ut deleat chirographum omnium<br />

peccatorum eius, scribam nomen eius in libro vitae. . . .'<br />

More complex, from the literary point <strong>of</strong> view, is the mention <strong>of</strong> the judicial<br />

role <strong>of</strong> <strong>Enoch</strong> in the Testament <strong>of</strong> Abraham. In my opinion the oldest,<br />

and the original, text is preserved in the Coptic recension. <strong>The</strong>re, after a<br />

mention <strong>of</strong> souls dying every day and night, to the number <strong>of</strong> ninety-nine<br />

thousand and ninety-nine hundred, there follows a description <strong>of</strong> the<br />

judgement <strong>of</strong> a soul, watched by Abraham accompanied by the archangel<br />

Michael:3 'Der Richter sagte: "Man lese ihr von ihren Thaten vor! Sieh,<br />

^ Ed. E. A. W. Budge, Miscellaneous Coptic vol. i, 1907), 1955, p. 236 (text) and Copt.<br />

Texts in the Dialect <strong>of</strong> Upper Egypt, 1915, ser. Ill, vol. i, 1908, p. 144 (version).<br />

PP» 345~6 (text: two manuscripts <strong>of</strong> the tenth ^ Translation by E. Andersson, 'Abraham's<br />

century) and p. 909 (translation).<br />

Vermachtnis aus dem Koptischen ubersetzt',<br />

* Ed. I. Balestri and H. Hyvemat, Acta Sphinx (Upsala), vi (1903), 228 and 230. Cf.<br />

Martyrum, i, CSCO 42/Copt. 3 ( = ser. III, the English translation <strong>of</strong> the Arabic version

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