A Brief Introduction to Space Plasma Physics.pdf - Institute of ...
A Brief Introduction to Space Plasma Physics.pdf - Institute of ... A Brief Introduction to Space Plasma Physics.pdf - Institute of ...
– On time scales much shorter than r ∂B ∂t r r = ∇× ( u × B) – The electric field vanishes in the frame moving with the fluid. – Consider the rate of change of magnetic flux dΦ dt = d dt r ∂B ∂t ∫ B ⋅ndA = ∫ ⋅ ndA + ∫ B ⋅( u × A r ˆ – The first term on the right is caused by the temporal changes in B – The second term is caused by motion of the boundary – The term is the area swept out per unit time A r r u × dl 0 – Use Stoke’s theorem Φ r d ⎛ ∂ ⎞ = ∫ B r r ⎜ ( ) ⎟ − ∇× u × B ⋅ nˆ = dt ⎝ ∂ dA A t ⎠ – If the fluid is initially on surface s as it moves through the system the flux through the surface will remain constant even though the location and shape of the surface change. ˆ τ D C r r r dl )
F B • Magnetic pressure and tension = r J × r B = 1 2 ) µ ( ∇× B) × B = −∇B 2µ 0 + ( B ⋅∇ B 0 r r r r µ 0 2 – p B = B A magnetic pressure analogous to the plasma 2µ pressure ( ) β ≡ B p – 2 A “cold” plasma has β
- Page 1 and 2: ESS 200C - Space Plasma Physics Win
- Page 3 and 4: Space Plasma Physics • Space phys
- Page 5 and 6: - Galileo theorized that aurora is
- Page 7 and 8: The Plasma State • A plasma is an
- Page 9 and 10: • B acts to change the motion of
- Page 11: • The electric field can modify t
- Page 14 and 15: • The change in the direction of
- Page 16 and 17: • Maxwell’s equations - Poisson
- Page 18 and 19: • Maxwell’s equations in integr
- Page 20 and 21: • For a coordinate in which the m
- Page 22 and 23: B r • The force is along and away
- Page 24: - As particles bounce they will dri
- Page 27 and 28: The Properties of a Plasma • A pl
- Page 29 and 30: • For monatomic particles in equi
- Page 31 and 32: • What makes an ionized gas a pla
- Page 34 and 35: • The plasma frequency - Consider
- Page 36 and 37: • A note on conservation laws - C
- Page 38 and 39: - Momentum equation r ∂us r r r r
- Page 40 and 41: • Energy equation ∂ ( ∂t 1 2
- Page 43: - Often the last terms on the right
- Page 47 and 48: •Some elementary wave concepts -F
- Page 49 and 50: • When the dispersion relation sh
- Page 51 and 52: - Incompressible Alfvén waves •
- Page 53 and 54: 1 2 2 C ⎛ B ⎞ A ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ µ
- Page 55 and 56: - Continuity - Momentum - Equation
- Page 57 and 58: • The fluid velocity must be alon
- Page 59: - Arbitrary angle between k r and B
F B<br />
• Magnetic pressure and tension<br />
=<br />
r<br />
J ×<br />
r<br />
B<br />
=<br />
1 2<br />
)<br />
µ<br />
( ∇× B)<br />
× B = −∇B<br />
2µ<br />
0<br />
+ ( B ⋅∇ B<br />
0<br />
r<br />
r<br />
r<br />
r<br />
µ<br />
0<br />
2<br />
– p B<br />
= B<br />
A magnetic pressure analogous <strong>to</strong> the plasma<br />
2µ<br />
pressure ( )<br />
β ≡<br />
B<br />
p<br />
– 2 A “cold” plasma has β
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