A Brief Introduction to Space Plasma Physics.pdf - Institute of ...

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• The change in the direction of the magnetic field along a field line can cause motion. – The curvature of the magnetic field line introduces a drift motion. • As particles move along the field they undergo centrifugal acceleration. 2 r F mv R nˆ • R c is the radius of curvature of a field line ( = −( bˆ ⋅∇) bˆ ) where Rc r B bˆ = , nˆ is perpendicular to B r and points away from the center B of curvature, v is the component of velocity along B r r u c = mv • Curvature drift can cause currents. = c Rˆ c r B× ( bˆ ⋅∇) bˆ 2 2 ˆ qB 2 r mv B× n = − 2 R qB c
• The Concept of the Guiding Center v r – Separates the motion ( ) of a particle into motion perpendicular ( ) and parallel ( v ) to the magnetic field. v ⊥ – To a good approximation the perpendicular motion can consist of a drift ( ) and the gyro-motion ( ) r v = r v v D – Over long times the gyro-motion is averaged out and the particle motion can be described by the guiding center motion consisting of the parallel motion and drift. This is very useful for distances l such that ρ c l
Page 1 and 2: ESS 200C - Space Plasma Physics Win
Page 3 and 4: Space Plasma Physics • Space phys
Page 5 and 6: - Galileo theorized that aurora is
Page 7 and 8: The Plasma State • A plasma is an
Page 9 and 10: • B acts to change the motion of
Page 11: • The electric field can modify t
Page 16 and 17: • Maxwell’s equations - Poisson
Page 18 and 19: • Maxwell’s equations in integr
Page 20 and 21: • For a coordinate in which the m
Page 22 and 23: B r • The force is along and away
Page 24: - As particles bounce they will dri
Page 27 and 28: The Properties of a Plasma • A pl
Page 29 and 30: • For monatomic particles in equi
Page 31 and 32: • What makes an ionized gas a pla
Page 34 and 35: • The plasma frequency - Consider
Page 36 and 37: • A note on conservation laws - C
Page 38 and 39: - Momentum equation r ∂us r r r r
Page 40 and 41: • Energy equation ∂ ( ∂t 1 2
Page 43 and 44: - Often the last terms on the right
Page 45 and 46: F B • Magnetic pressure and tensi
Page 47 and 48: •Some elementary wave concepts -F
Page 49 and 50: • When the dispersion relation sh
Page 51 and 52: - Incompressible Alfvén waves •
Page 53 and 54: 1 2 2 C ⎛ B ⎞ A ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ µ
Page 55 and 56: - Continuity - Momentum - Equation
Page 57 and 58: • The fluid velocity must be alon
Page 59: - Arbitrary angle between k r and B

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