Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

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Box 32: Measurement of the flare efficiency (continued) Temperature of Flare Subsequently to the adoption of the “Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane”, another request of clarification was submitted regarding the guidelines on flare efficiency measurement 271 . It expressed concern over the Tool’s suggestion that a combustion temperature exceeding 700˚C could be a sign that the flare is not operating adequately and raised that a number of flaring systems had been designed to operate at temperatures higher than 700˚C while still ensuring a high level of methane destruction efficiency. Additionally, they mentioned that the UK Environmental Agency was recommending a combustion temperature of 1 000˚C for landfill gas flares to ensure high levels of methane destruction. In response the MP stated that flaring combustion temperature may exceed 700˚C for several reasons, including flare design and manufacturing characteristics. The MP recognized that the temperature throughout the flaring chamber is non linear during combustion and may sometimes exceed 1000˚C. Hence, the MP clarified that a flare temperature greater than 700˚C could still provide accurate efficiency measurements, providing it was not caused by an incompatibility problem between the flare capacity and the gas flow or an inadequate air mixing or air quantity inside the flare leading to combustion taking place in the cooling zone or in the exhaust. Although EB 33 has taken note of the MP’s recommendations over this request, the EB has not yet taken any decision over the issue. 5.5.4 AMS-III.D Small-scale Methane Reduction Methodology Baseline Scenario anaerobic Decay Project Scenario Anaerobic Digestion and Methane Recovery Project Description AMS-III.D includes projects proposing the recovery and destruction of methane generated from manure and waste from agricultural or agroindustrial activities. Baseline scenarios for this type of projects shall demonstrate that manure or waste would have decayed anaerobically. Projects using this methodology propose to mitigate and recover animal effluent related GHGs by improving animal waste management systems (AWMS) practices. Applicability conditions Methodology AMS-III.D (version 13) is applicable to projects that propose measures to recover and destroy methane generated from manure and waste from agricultural or agro-industrial activities that would otherwise decay anaerobically. Two technology options can serve this purpose: (i) the installation of methane recovery and combustion systems on organic sources of methane emissions, or (ii) the change in management practices of biogenic waste or raw organic material to achieve controlled anaerobic digestion with a methane recovery and combustion system. In both cases, projects shall use measurement instruments to ensure all biogas produced by the digester is used or flared. In the case of projects using sludge, AMS-III.D (Version 13) requests that the organic waste be handled aerobically. In cases where projects involve soil application, measures must be taken to avoid methane emissions in the final disposal site. 237 See AM_CLA_0047 94
Expanding of Applicability Conditions… … but through separate <strong>Methodologies</strong>! Two Separate <strong>Methodologies</strong> for Wastewater Treatment Further Expansion of Applicability Conditions Box 33: Considerations regarding the use of gas for heat generation A submission 272 requested clarification on the use of recovered methane for electricity generation by the project. The submission wondered whether a smallscale project using AMS-III.D is eligible under AMS-I.A. if the methane recovered is used for off-grid electricity or heat generation. In response to this request, SSC WG 03 recommended to amend the AMS-III.D to expand the possible use of recovered methane in different categories of renewable project activities. Furthermore EB 22 decided to amend the methodology AMS-III.D to allow projects that generate electricity or heat by using the recovered methane to use the corresponding Type I methodology. Box 34: Evolution of applicability conditions and allowed technologies Initial applicability conditions for AMS-III.D allowed all types of methane recovery activities, including coalmines, agro-industries, landfills and wastewater treatment facilities. Several submissions have requested the development of new methodologies under Type III for specific activities or the inclusion of new activities under AMS-III.D. In the first case, a submission 273 proposed a new category to cover situations where (i) methane will be emitted from unmanaged lagoons to the atmosphere or (ii) methane will be emitted directly into the atmosphere by the anaerobic treatment facility. SSC WG 04 proposed the inclusion of a new category III.H “Methane recovery in wastewater treatment for measures that recover methane from biogenic organic matter in wastewaters”. On the same issue and in response to a submission made by the De Martino WWTP upgrade project 274 , SSC WG 04 recommended the new category AMS-III.I “Avoidance of methane production in wastewater treatment through replacement of anaerobic lagoons by aerobic system” for activities substituting wastewater treatment in ‘anaerobic’ lagoons with ‘aerobic’ systems avoiding generation of methane. Both new methodologies were approved by EB 22. Another two submissions 275 requested the expansion of applicability conditions to cover project activities that change manure management practices. One addressed the use of the FOD model to calculate baseline methane emissions, while the other one proposed the use of the lowest value between the value resulting from using the “Tier 2 Approach for Methane Emissions from Manure Management” from the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the actual amount of methane recovered. In response to these requests, SSC WG 06 recommended the revision of AMS-III.D to expand its applicability to cover project activities that change manure management from systems such as “lagoons”, “liquid/slurry”, “solid storage” or “drylot” to “anaerobic digestion” for the treatment of swine or cattle manure. AMS- III.D (version 13) defines that baseline emissions shall be calculated using the most recent “Tier 2 approach of the 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Inventories for Methane Emissions from Manure Management” developed by the IPCC. 239240241 238 See SSC_016 239 See SSC_024 240 See SSC_040 241 See SSC_046 and SSC_051 95
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Understanding CDM Methodologies A g
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Introduction The success of the Cle
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1. Introduction Climate Change is a
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Aim of Guidebook This guidebook wil
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Special Status of the Marrakech Acc
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Small Scale Thresholds over Time Cr
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Transparency, Conservativeness, Con
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Role of DOEs - Absence of Accredita
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Figure 2: The CDM project cycle CER
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EB Decision Making and the Role of
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While COP/MOP has provided that Lar
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Verification Regarding verification
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3. Barrier analysis, with the aim t
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Rejections due to Lack of Additiona
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4. Methodologies Methodology Case L
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Figure 9: Fuel switch family tree M
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Interpretation of top 20% in Approa
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4.1.4 Leakage Unclear Definition of
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Top-down Methodology Development fo
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Table 4: Methodology revisions 2005
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5. Key elements and application of
Page 45 and 46: Two Methodologies added Nitric Acid
Page 47 and 48: Methodological Concept Power Genera
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Page 51 and 52: Build Margin Build Margin: newest P
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Page 57 and 58: Applicability Conditions Grid has t
Page 59 and 60: Leakage Leakage: Transfer of Equipm
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Page 65 and 66: Industrial Gas Methodologies 5.3 De
Page 67 and 68: No Additionality Problem Another co
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Page 77 and 78: 5.4.2 Basic concept Emissions Reduc
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Page 81 and 82: 5.4.4 AMS-II.D Project Description
Page 83 and 84: 5.4.5 AM0046 This methodology warra
Page 85 and 86: • Information on any changes made
Page 87 and 88: Displacement of Natural Gas in Pipe
Page 89 and 90: Landfill gas capture and flaring ac
Page 91 and 92: Ex post: The main parameters that n
Page 93 and 94: Box 31: Deviation of monitoring met
Page 95: Box 32: Measurement of the flare ef
Page 99 and 100: Seven-Step Procedure for Measuremen
Page 101 and 102: Project boundary Transport of Waste
Page 103 and 104: Biomass Leakage: Proving that there
Page 105 and 106: 5.6 .3 ACM0008 Description of the c
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Page 109 and 110: Applicability conditions Definition
Page 111 and 112: or retrofit. This baseline holds fo
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Page 117 and 118: Submission of further Baseline Scen
Page 119 and 120: Heat only Projects Baseline Scenari
Page 121 and 122: • Quantity of steam diverted from
Page 123: Published by the Department for Env
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