Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

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Default Emissions Factor for Captive Power Plant Default or Highest of Nameplate or Measured Boiler Efficiencies Default Grid Electricity Emissions Factor, or Use of ACM 0002 Guidance to assess baseline emissions for projects generating electricity: To determine baseline emissions for projects displacing electricity from an on-site/off-site fossil fuel fired captive power plant, the CO 2 emission intensity of the source of electricity displaced must be calculated. Project participants can either use a fix default value of 800 g CO 2 /kWh or estimate the emission intensity of the displaced energy source using the equation stipulated in ACM0001. In case the baseline scenario is electricity coming from the grid, then the emission factor should be calculated using ACM0002. If the electricity generation component of the project falls under the smallscale thresholds, AMS-I.D should be applied. Guidance to assess baseline emissions for projects generating thermal energy: As for projects displacing fossil-fuel based energy sources through electricity production, projects producing thermal energy must determine the emission factor of the energy they displace. ACM0001 provides guidance to assess the CO 2 emissions intensity of the fuel that feeds the boiler used by the project and to estimate its efficiency. ACM0001 gives two options to estimate the boiler efficiency. Project participants can either choose the highest of these three values ((i) measured efficiency of the boiler prior to project implementation, (ii) measured efficiency during monitoring, or (iii) the manufacturer’s information), or assume an efficiency value of 100% based on the net calorific values. To determine the CO 2 emission factor of fuels used in the boiler to produce the thermal energy in the absence of the project, project participants should use appropriate local or national values. If these are not available, IPCC emissions factors should be used. Guidance to determine the emission factor of the energy used by the project activity: To assess the CO 2 emission factor of the energy consumed because of the project, project participants may choose between 3 methods: • Use a default emission factor of 1.3 tCO 2 /MWh; • In cases where the project energy is purchased from the grid, calculate the emission factor as prescribed by ACM0002 or AMS-I.D, whichever is applicable; • In cases where the project energy is supplied by an on-site fossil fuelled power plant, project participants may estimate the emission factor according to the equation provided in ACM0001. Leakage No Leakage No leakage needs to be considered under this methodology, no matter whether the project produces energy or supplies gas. Regulations to be monitored ex ante Monitoring Ex ante: Prior to the validation of the project, the amount of methane that will be captured to comply with relevant regulations or contracts (MD reg,y ) should be estimated. If relevant regulations or contractual arrangements exist, monitoring shall be done to consider the mandate to use specific collection and flaring systems or the mandate to capture and flare a percentage of the methane generated by the landfill, in order to calculate MD reg,y . 88
Ex post: The main parameters that need to be recorded throughout the project cycle are: • The quantity of methane captured by the project activity; Methane Quantity Measurement Equipment to measure Methane Fraction, Temperature and Pressure • The quantity of methane flared by the project activity; • The quantity of methane used to generate energy; • The total quantity of methane generated by the project activity; • The energy generated by the project (electric or thermal); • The energy consumed by the project activity coming from fossil fuel sources. Additionally, ACM0001 gives the following monitoring guidelines: • The fraction of methane in the landfill should be measured with a continuously analyzer if possible, or with periodical measurements at a 95% confident level; • Temperature and pressure of the landfill gas must be recorded in order to assess methane density; • In cases where the project baseline requires the partial capture of landfill gas for safety or odour concerns, the fossil fuel used in the baseline scenario should be accounted for. 89
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Understanding CDM Methodologies A g
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Introduction The success of the Cle
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1. Introduction Climate Change is a
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Aim of Guidebook This guidebook wil
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Special Status of the Marrakech Acc
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Small Scale Thresholds over Time Cr
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Transparency, Conservativeness, Con
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Role of DOEs - Absence of Accredita
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Figure 2: The CDM project cycle CER
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EB Decision Making and the Role of
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While COP/MOP has provided that Lar
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Verification Regarding verification
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3. Barrier analysis, with the aim t
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Rejections due to Lack of Additiona
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4. Methodologies Methodology Case L
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Figure 9: Fuel switch family tree M
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Interpretation of top 20% in Approa
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4.1.4 Leakage Unclear Definition of
Page 39 and 40: Top-down Methodology Development fo
Page 41 and 42: Table 4: Methodology revisions 2005
Page 43 and 44: 5. Key elements and application of
Page 45 and 46: Two Methodologies added Nitric Acid
Page 47 and 48: Methodological Concept Power Genera
Page 49 and 50: Box 13: Exclusion of immaterial par
Page 51 and 52: Build Margin Build Margin: newest P
Page 53 and 54: Box 16: OM/ BM calculation where th
Page 55 and 56: Project Emissions With the exceptio
Page 57 and 58: Applicability Conditions Grid has t
Page 59 and 60: Leakage Leakage: Transfer of Equipm
Page 61 and 62: Box 20: Sufficient natural gas supp
Page 63 and 64: • Option 3: The emission factor o
Page 65 and 66: Industrial Gas Methodologies 5.3 De
Page 67 and 68: No Additionality Problem Another co
Page 69 and 70: In a second step, it is tested whet
Page 71 and 72: Determination of the Emission Facto
Page 73 and 74: Baseline scenario and additionality
Page 75 and 76: Box 27: Ensuring accuracy of measur
Page 77 and 78: 5.4.2 Basic concept Emissions Reduc
Page 79 and 80: Default Cogen Plant Efficiency 90%
Page 81 and 82: 5.4.4 AMS-II.D Project Description
Page 83 and 84: 5.4.5 AM0046 This methodology warra
Page 85 and 86: • Information on any changes made
Page 87 and 88: Displacement of Natural Gas in Pipe
Page 89: Landfill gas capture and flaring ac
Page 93 and 94: Box 31: Deviation of monitoring met
Page 95 and 96: Box 32: Measurement of the flare ef
Page 97 and 98: Expanding of Applicability Conditio
Page 99 and 100: Seven-Step Procedure for Measuremen
Page 101 and 102: Project boundary Transport of Waste
Page 103 and 104: Biomass Leakage: Proving that there
Page 105 and 106: 5.6 .3 ACM0008 Description of the c
Page 107 and 108: • Methane used for electricity an
Page 109 and 110: Applicability conditions Definition
Page 111 and 112: or retrofit. This baseline holds fo
Page 113 and 114: • For biomass-fired projects, a s
Page 115 and 116: A handful of projects have submitte
Page 117 and 118: Submission of further Baseline Scen
Page 119 and 120: Heat only Projects Baseline Scenari
Page 121 and 122: • Quantity of steam diverted from
Page 123: Published by the Department for Env
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