Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

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5.5.2 Basic concept Category Description Methane Reduction from Waste or Prevention of Emissions due to alternative Waste Treatment Methane Reduction by Project times Methane GWP This section analyses two project types. The first type of projects mitigates global GHG emissions by capturing and destroying methane from inter alia landfills, unmanaged agricultural waste or agro-industrial waste. The second project type abates the formation of methane at source by preventing the decay of biomass or other organic residues that would have otherwise been left to decay as a result of anthropogenic activities. An energy production component may be added when the project also contributes to displacing the use of fossil fuel energy sources by producing energy through methane combustion or by supplying the gas to a natural gas network. Methodological Concept Emissions reductions attributable to methane recovery and destruction activities in year “y” are defined as: ER y = (MD project,y – MD reg,y ) X GWP CH4 – PE y Emission Reductions Methane destroyed by the project Methane destroyed to comply with relevant regulations CH 4 Global Warming Potential Project Emissions There is no leakage arising from this type of activity. Methane Prevention: Methane Generation Potential of Waste treated In the case of projects reducing methane emissions through controlled combustion, preventing the decay of organic waste, emission reductions are defined as follows: ER y = (BE CH4,SWDS,y – MD reg,y X GWP CH4 ) – (PE y,comb + PE y,transp + PE y,power ) Emission Avoidance Yearly methane generation potential of the waste Methane destroyed to comply with relevant regulations CH 4 Global Warming Potential Project emissions from non biomass waste burning Project emissions from transport distances increase Project emissions from power consumption Leakage is not considered, except under conditions mentioned in the analysis of AMS-III.E below. In both cases, small-scale projects shall reduce anthropogenic emissions by sources by less than 60 kilotonnes CO 2 eq. annually. Claiming additional emissions reductions by electricity or heat production Electricity Generation from Methane Combustion as per Electricity Grid <strong>Methodologies</strong> Projects can claim additional emission reductions if the biogas they capture is burned and used to generate electricity or heat and if it can be demonstrated that this energy generation contributes to displacing a fossil fuel based energy source. Landfill gas projects wishing to claim emissions reductions for displacing natural gas 84
Displacement of Natural Gas in Pipelines Alternatively, projects capturing methane may choose to supply gas to a natural gas distribution network rather than burning the gas to produce energy, hereby displacing the usage of natural gas. If emissions reductions are claimed for displacing natural gas, projects may use methodology AM0053 for establishing the project’s baseline scenario in combination with monitoring methodology ACM0001. Projects using waste that has partially decayed in a disposal site 229 Discounting of Waste landfilled in the Past In the case of projects that obtain waste from existing solid waste disposal sites, the calculation of the yearly methane generation potential of the waste combusted from the project beginning up to the year “y” will consider the age of the waste at the start of the project. AMS-III.E (version 13) defines the allowed options to calculate this parameter. 5.5.3. ACM0001 Project Description Landfill Gas Capture Baseline Scenario continued Venting or Flaring ACM0001 is applicable to landfill gas capture projects. Projects registered using this methodology propose destruction by flaring, the use of the captured gas to generate electricity, generate thermal energy or supply into natural gas grids. Applicability conditions ACM0001 (Version 6) is applicable to projects where the baseline scenario is the partial or total atmospheric release of the landfill gas. If emissions reductions are claimed for the displacement of natural gas, AM0053 should be used as the baseline methodology in conjunction with ACM0001. Project Boundary The project boundary is defined as the site where the landfill gas is captured and destroyed (or used). If the project produces energy, the project boundary shall also include all power generation sources to which the project is connected, either directly (e.g. captive power plant) or through the grid. Baseline scenario and additionality To determine the baseline scenario, ACM0001 (version 6) requires the identification of all credible baseline alternatives to the project using of the latest version of the “Tool for the assessment of additionality”. Upon establishing the appropriate baseline scenario, project proponents must assess whether their proposed project suits the requirements of ACM0001. According to its latest version (version 6), only projects with the following baseline scenarios can qualify: • The most plausible baseline scenario to the flaring component of the project is the total release of the landfill gas to the atmosphere or partial capture and flaring of the landfill gas. • The most plausible baseline scenario for the energy component of the project is one of the following: 229 Only applicable to AMS-III.E 85
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Understanding CDM Methodologies A g
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Introduction The success of the Cle
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1. Introduction Climate Change is a
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Aim of Guidebook This guidebook wil
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Special Status of the Marrakech Acc
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Small Scale Thresholds over Time Cr
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Transparency, Conservativeness, Con
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Role of DOEs - Absence of Accredita
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Figure 2: The CDM project cycle CER
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EB Decision Making and the Role of
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While COP/MOP has provided that Lar
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Verification Regarding verification
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3. Barrier analysis, with the aim t
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Rejections due to Lack of Additiona
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4. Methodologies Methodology Case L
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Figure 9: Fuel switch family tree M
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Page 41 and 42: Table 4: Methodology revisions 2005
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Page 45 and 46: Two Methodologies added Nitric Acid
Page 47 and 48: Methodological Concept Power Genera
Page 49 and 50: Box 13: Exclusion of immaterial par
Page 51 and 52: Build Margin Build Margin: newest P
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Page 55 and 56: Project Emissions With the exceptio
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Page 59 and 60: Leakage Leakage: Transfer of Equipm
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Page 77 and 78: 5.4.2 Basic concept Emissions Reduc
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Page 81 and 82: 5.4.4 AMS-II.D Project Description
Page 83 and 84: 5.4.5 AM0046 This methodology warra
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Page 93 and 94: Box 31: Deviation of monitoring met
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Page 97 and 98: Expanding of Applicability Conditio
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Page 101 and 102: Project boundary Transport of Waste
Page 103 and 104: Biomass Leakage: Proving that there
Page 105 and 106: 5.6 .3 ACM0008 Description of the c
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Page 109 and 110: Applicability conditions Definition
Page 111 and 112: or retrofit. This baseline holds fo
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Page 117 and 118: Submission of further Baseline Scen
Page 119 and 120: Heat only Projects Baseline Scenari
Page 121 and 122: • Quantity of steam diverted from
Page 123: Published by the Department for Env
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