Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

Leakage
Leakage: Transfer
of Equipment
Biomass-related
Leakage
Leakage in PoA
over 15 MW using
SSC Methodology
Scrapping
of Replaced
Equipment
Ex-ante Data for
CM
Except for biomass power projects, leakage of this project category is
assumed to be zero unless the project power generation equipment is
transferred from another activity 244 or the equipment replaced is transferred
to another activity 245 . Biomass power projects have to consider the following
three sources of leakage 246 :
• Shifts of pre-project activities: Decreases of carbon stocks, for example
as a result of deforestation, outside the land area where the biomass is
grown, due to shifts of pre-project activities;
• Emissions from biomass generation/ cultivation: Potentially significant
emission sources can be (i) emissions from application of fertilizer, and (ii)
project emissions from clearance of lands; and
• Competing use of biomass: Biomass may be used elsewhere, for the
same or a different purpose.
Leakage under a PoA: Special attention should be paid to a small-scale
PoA where the limit of the entire PoA exceeds the limit for small-scale CDM
project activities, i.e. 15 MW power generation capacity. In such cases, the
following leakage sources shall be taken into account:
• In the case of a small-scale biomass PoA, leakage shall be determined
following the general guidance for leakage in small-scale biomass project
activities 247 or the procedures given in AM0042; and
• In the case of a small-scale PoA that involves the replacement of
equipment, and the leakage effect of the use of the replaced equipment in
another activity is neglected because the replaced equipment is scrapped,
an independent monitoring of scrapping of the replaced equipment needs
to be implemented.
Monitoring
Ex-ante: Prior to the project validation, the following parameters must be
obtained for ex-ante emission reductions calculation:
• Data required to calculate the OM/ BM emission factor according to
ACM0002 (if the option is chosen instead of the weighted average
emission factor calculation); and
• Additional data is required for biomass power projects: A specific fuel
consumption of each type of biomass and fossil (if any) fuel to be used.
244
E.g. the CDM project could divert renewable power generation away from another activity by increasing
demand for the renewable generation technology. In such a case, the activity might be forced to use fossil-fuelfired
generation technology instead. This would cause higher emissions for the activity than in the absence of
the CDM project.
245
E.g. suppose the replaced equipment is transferred to an area where there is no power generation capacity, the
transferred equipment would cause additional emissions from power generation in the area.
246
See EB28 “Indicative simplified baseline and monitoring methodologies for selected small-scale CDM project
categories – General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities (Version 02)”.
247
See Attachment C to Appendix B of the simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale CDM project
activities.
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