Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA
Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA
Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA
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Technical line<br />
losses are to<br />
be included in<br />
calculation of<br />
Project Emissions<br />
but not in the<br />
Baseline Emissions<br />
Box 42: The consideration of technical line losses in the baseline<br />
An amendment of various small-scale methodologies was requested to account<br />
for technical line losses in cases where electricity is the baseline 289 . The request<br />
claimed that the baseline was not accurately estimated under AMS-I.C and that<br />
AMS-I.C was not consistent with all methodologies of category II that refer to<br />
AMS-I.D for the calculation of the grid emission coefficient. SSC WG 08 rejected<br />
this request explaining that the combined margin approach of AMS I.D was<br />
designed to estimate the emission factor of a hypothetical plant replaced by the<br />
project, and is therefore meant to estimate a counterfactual scenario.<br />
In response to a similar request 290 SSC WG 12 reiterated that <strong>CDM</strong> methodologies<br />
are meant to produce conservative estimates and accordingly, technical line<br />
losses should be included in the calculation of projects emissions and excluded<br />
from baseline emission calculations. Should it be possible to demonstrate that<br />
the project activity has no significant impact on the grid, then the calculation<br />
of baseline emissions could include a consideration for technical losses. In all<br />
other cases, a conservative approach to baseline emissions calculation should be<br />
adopted.<br />
255256<br />
Project Emissions<br />
Leakage<br />
Calculation, if<br />
Reuse of replaced<br />
Equipment<br />
PoA Leakage<br />
No Shift to Fossil<br />
Fuels elsewhere<br />
Project emissions are typically assumed to be zero.<br />
Leakage<br />
Leakage is to be considered if the energy generating equipment is transferred<br />
from another activity or if the existing equipment is transferred to another<br />
activity.<br />
Leakage under a PoA: There is a risk of leakage as the PoA may divert<br />
biomass residues from other uses, which may subsequently lead to an<br />
increase in emissions from fossil fuel combustion or other sources. If<br />
biomass residues are co-fired in the project plant, project participants shall<br />
demonstrate that the use of the biomass residues does not result in an<br />
increase in fossil fuels use or an increase in GHG emissions elsewhere.<br />
Monitoring<br />
Metering of<br />
Sample of Projects<br />
In cases where baseline emissions are calculated using the energy produced<br />
multiplied by an emission factor, monitoring shall be conducted by metering<br />
the energy produced by a sample of the systems.<br />
In the case of cogeneration projects, monitoring shall be done by metering<br />
the thermal energy and electricity generated.<br />
Systems<br />
generating less<br />
than 5 CERs/<br />
year only need to<br />
record Operating<br />
Hours<br />
If the emissions reduction per energy production system is less than 5 tonnes<br />
of CO 2<br />
a year monitoring shall consider:<br />
i. Recording annually the number of systems operating; and<br />
ii. Estimating the annual hours of operation of an average system.<br />
Projects using biomass or biomass and fossil fuel need to monitor the<br />
following additional items:<br />
255<br />
See SSC_71.<br />
256<br />
See SSC_115.<br />
110