Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

or retrofit. This baseline holds for the period of time that the existing facility
would have operated before being replaced or retrofitted as a matter of
course. Beyond that period, the project emissions are considered to be the
baseline emissions.
Project participants may also use other additionality demonstration methods,
e.g. the investment analysis stipulated in the additionality tool, in addition to
the barrier analysis.
Baseline Emissions
Baseline
Emissions: Fuel
Consumption of
Baseline Scenario
Technology times
Emission Factor
Differentiation
according to Type
of Cogeneration
Plant
If Project adds
Capacity, Impact
on Resources
available to
existing Capacity
has to be assessed
Retrofit: Average
historical
Emissions of
retrofitted Plant
For renewable energy technologies that displace emissions from
technologies using fossil fuels: The baseline emissions are to be calculated
as the fuel consumption of the technologies that would have been used in
the absence of the project multiplied by the emission factor of the fossil fuel
displaced. IPCC default values for emission coefficients may be used.
For cogeneration projects: When electricity is produced, the baseline
emissions are to be calculated as the amount of electricity produced with the
renewable technology multiplied by either 1) the CO 2
emission factor per
unit of energy of the fuel that would have been used in the baseline plant
divided by the efficiency of the captive plant or 2) the CO 2
emission factor
of the grid to which the electricity is supplied. When steam/heat is produced
using fossil fuels, the baseline emissions are calculated as the net quantity
of steam/heat supplied by the project multiplied by the CO 2
emission factor
per unit of energy of the fuel that would have been used in the baseline
plant divided by the efficiency of that plant. When electricity and steam are
produced in a cogeneration unit using fossil fuel, the baseline emissions are
calculated as the net quantity of steam/heat supplied by the project plus the
amount of electricity produced with the renewable technology multiplied by
a conversion factor, multiplied by the CO 2
emission factor per unit of energy
of the fuel that would have been used in the baseline cogeneration plant
divided by the total efficiency of that plant.
For projects that involve the addition of renewable energy units at
an existing renewable energy production facility: Baseline emissions
are calculated as the fuel consumption of the technologies that would have
been used in the absence of the project multiplied by the emission factor of
the fossil fuel displaced. The potential for the project to reduce the amount
of renewable resource available to, and thus thermal energy production by
existing units must be considered in the determination of baseline emissions,
project emissions, and/or leakage, as relevant.
For projects modifying or retrofitting an existing facility, the baseline
emissions are calculated as the average historical emissions of the existing
facility, before the modification or retrofit. To calculate the period over which
this baseline is valid, it is necessary to evaluate the time at which the thermal
energy facility would have been replaced or retrofitted in the absence of the
project.
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