Understanding CDM Methodologies - SuSanA

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Monitoring of LFG Systems installed due to Regulation Monitoring of Fossil Share of Waste and Transportation Parameters Alternative Disposal Site for Fresh Biomass Waste Processing If relevant regulations or contractual arrangements exist, monitoring shall be done considering the mandated use of specific collection and flaring systems or the mandate to capture and flare a percentage of the methane generated by the landfill. Ex post: To estimate baseline emissions, the amount of waste combusted by the project in each year shall me measured and recorded. The biomass and non-biomass carbon content of the waste shall be determined through a representative sampling. Monitoring of project emissions shall consider the following parameters: • Quantity of auxiliary fuel used; • Non-biomass carbon content of the waste combusted; • Total quantity of combustion residues; • Average truck capacity; • Electricity consumption and/or generation; • Distance for transporting the waste in the baseline and the project scenarios; If projects process freshly generated biomass waste, project participants shall demonstrate annually that the amount of waste combusted in the project facilities would have been disposed in a SWDS where no methane recovery would have occurred and where the waste would have been left to decay throughout the crediting period. 5.6 Coal mine methane 5.6.1 <strong>Methodologies</strong> analyzed ACM 0008 “Consolidated baseline methodology for coal bed methane and coal mine methane capture and use for power (electrical or motive) and heat and/or destruction by flaring” 5.6.2 Basic concept Increase of Flaring of Methane from Coal Mines Emission reductions are calculated as the sum of differences between the methane vented and burned before and after the project and electricity provided by the project and used by the project, multiplied by the power emissions factor, deducting emissions from fossil fuel use in the project and leakage. ER y = GWP CH4 X (CH 4 vented bl – CH 4 vented pj + CH 4 burned bl – CH 4 burned pj ) + Emission Reductions CH 4 Global Warming Potential Methane vented in the baseline Methane vented in the project Methane burned in the baseline Methane burned in the project EF grid X (El_Prod pj – El_Cons pj) – EF j X Fuel j, pj – Leakage Emission factor of electricity grid Electricity production in project Electricity use in project Emission factor of fuel j Use of fuel j in project Indirect emissions 102
5.6 .3 ACM0008 Description of the current version of the methodology Only Methane from operating underground Mines Collection and Transport Equipment for CMM NMHC Emissions only covered if more than 1% of CMM Volume Baseline Scenario Options Ex-ante Projection of CMM must be available Emission Reduction based on Difference of GWP of unburnt and burnt Methane Engineering Study for Methane Demand in Baseline Scenario or Statistical Projection based on 5 Year Data Applicability conditions: ACM0008 (version 03) is applicable to projects that capture and destroy coal mine methane (CMM) and/or extract coal bed methane (CBM) before mining at currently operating or newly built underground coal mines. It is not applicable to closed mines or to utilization of CBM from seams that will not be mined in the foreseeable future. Project boundary: The spatial extent of the project boundary includes the equipment installed and used for the extraction, compression, and storage of CMM and CBM at the project site, and transport to an off-site user, as well as flares or engines for electricity/heat generation, and the power plants connected to the grid serving the coal mine. Only CBM wells that are within a three-dimensional “zone of influence” of the mined area are part of the project. Within the project boundary, project participants shall only account for CO 2 emissions from the combustion of non methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), if they represent more than 1% by volume of the extracted coal mine gas. Baseline scenario and additionality: The baseline scenario is the most economically viable or the lowest emissions-intensive of the following options: venting, flaring, heat and power generation or feeding into gas pipelines. The option chosen also should not face prohibitive barriers and must be technically feasible to handle CBM and CMM to comply with safety regulations. Data must be available to provide ex-ante projections of methane demand over the crediting period and must be disaggregated according to the phases of methane recovery (CBM prior to mining, underground premining CMM drainage, surface or underground post mining CMM drainage, drainage from sealed goafs before the mine is closed). Additionality of the project shall be demonstrated by application of the latest version of the “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality” (additionality tool) to the selected baseline scenario. Emission reductions: Methane venting releases 21 t CO 2 per t of methane whereas combustion only releases 2.75 t CO 2 per t of methane. Emissions from flaring are calculated according to the “Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane”. Methane oxidation factors are taken from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories as 99.5% for heat and power generation and 98.5% for feeding into gas grids. Methane demand for heat generation in the baseline scenario has to be estimated on the basis of an engineering/economic study describing the current distribution system, identifying CMM/CBM users, their consumption rates, expected growth rates of users and gas grid expansion plans. If there is no information on the existing distribution system, a statistical projection based on CMM/CBM availability and thermal energy CMM/CBM usage rates over at least the past five years can be used. If less than five years of data are available, the maximum existing pipeline capacity will be used as proxy for demand. 103
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Understanding CDM Methodologies A g
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Introduction The success of the Cle
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1. Introduction Climate Change is a
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Aim of Guidebook This guidebook wil
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Special Status of the Marrakech Acc
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Small Scale Thresholds over Time Cr
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Transparency, Conservativeness, Con
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Role of DOEs - Absence of Accredita
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Figure 2: The CDM project cycle CER
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EB Decision Making and the Role of
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While COP/MOP has provided that Lar
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Verification Regarding verification
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3. Barrier analysis, with the aim t
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Rejections due to Lack of Additiona
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4. Methodologies Methodology Case L
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Figure 9: Fuel switch family tree M
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Interpretation of top 20% in Approa
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4.1.4 Leakage Unclear Definition of
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Top-down Methodology Development fo
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Table 4: Methodology revisions 2005
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5. Key elements and application of
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Two Methodologies added Nitric Acid
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Methodological Concept Power Genera
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Box 13: Exclusion of immaterial par
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Build Margin Build Margin: newest P
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Page 59 and 60: Leakage Leakage: Transfer of Equipm
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Page 65 and 66: Industrial Gas Methodologies 5.3 De
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Page 75 and 76: Box 27: Ensuring accuracy of measur
Page 77 and 78: 5.4.2 Basic concept Emissions Reduc
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Page 81 and 82: 5.4.4 AMS-II.D Project Description
Page 83 and 84: 5.4.5 AM0046 This methodology warra
Page 85 and 86: • Information on any changes made
Page 87 and 88: Displacement of Natural Gas in Pipe
Page 89 and 90: Landfill gas capture and flaring ac
Page 91 and 92: Ex post: The main parameters that n
Page 93 and 94: Box 31: Deviation of monitoring met
Page 95 and 96: Box 32: Measurement of the flare ef
Page 97 and 98: Expanding of Applicability Conditio
Page 99 and 100: Seven-Step Procedure for Measuremen
Page 101 and 102: Project boundary Transport of Waste
Page 103: Biomass Leakage: Proving that there
Page 107 and 108: • Methane used for electricity an
Page 109 and 110: Applicability conditions Definition
Page 111 and 112: or retrofit. This baseline holds fo
Page 113 and 114: • For biomass-fired projects, a s
Page 115 and 116: A handful of projects have submitte
Page 117 and 118: Submission of further Baseline Scen
Page 119 and 120: Heat only Projects Baseline Scenari
Page 121 and 122: • Quantity of steam diverted from
Page 123: Published by the Department for Env
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