Prace komisji nauk.pdf - Instytut Filologii Angielskiej Uniwersytetu ...

Scheme 1: the invisible hand
intentional acts (causal) consequences explanandum
------------------------
ecological ------------------------
-------------------
conditions ------------------------ invisible hand process -------------------
------------------------
-------------------
------------------------
maxims
micro level
macro level
The ecological conditions we can also call the pre-existing conditions, in the
given example: the building, the court, the grass, the position of the entrances.
The intentional acts have already been discussed: the crossings of the grass. The
maxims we can also call the higher principles of behaviour, in the example: the
need for economic behaviour, to achieve as much as possible at a cost as low as
possible. These acts put an invisible hand process into action: given these acts it
is necessary that gradually a path comes into being. The left side of the scheme,
the intentional side, represents the intentional acts of individuals, the right side,
the causal side, represents the invisible hand process proper.
Communication
Let me now give a linguistic example, one also given by Keller himself. It
concerns the use of two German and also Dutch words: German englisch, Dutch
engels, in the sense of “originating from England” and German englisch, Dutch
engels in the sense of “angelic”. In Polish: angielski and anielski respectively.
Two words with the same sounds but with clearly different meanings.
14