Prace komisji nauk.pdf - Instytut Filologii Angielskiej Uniwersytetu ...
Prace komisji nauk.pdf - Instytut Filologii Angielskiej Uniwersytetu ... Prace komisji nauk.pdf - Instytut Filologii Angielskiej Uniwersytetu ...
to define dor in NSM terms. The NSM definition of dor will take into account its semantic components, its semantic roles as well it what it refers to. First, three definitions of dor will be made up, corresponding to the three feelings present at the first level. Then definitions for the common subtypes of dor identified in the corpus will be given in NSM terms. Before defining dor in NSM terms, the highest level of the definition, i.e. the indefiniteness of this notion, must be clarified. Indefiniteness is at first sight a hinder in defining a notion, as it implies that the ‘borders’ of the definition (in its etymological sense) are blurred. However, this is not a hinder in NSM terms, as it includes primes as the “interclausal linker” LIKE, the terms for “taxonomy and partonomy” PART (OF) and KIND (OF), as well as terms expressing “imagination and possibility” like IF…WOULD and MAYBE. Thus, indefiniteness does not mean the impossibility of defining, at least in NSM terms. A further problem is whether the three notions present at level 1, i.e. “nostalgia”, “wish” and “love” should be decomposed further on up to the level of semantic primes. This is actually not a relevant point, as the goal of the present study is to define dor. As it was characterised as a complex notion, and as the three components cannot include it, there is no risk of circular definition. Out of the three components, the corresponding verb of “wish”, i.e. “to wish” can be identified expressed in terms of a semantic primes starting from WANT, one of the “mental predicates”, whose meaning is close to it. Taking into account Wierzbicka’s observations on “want” (1996: 177), “wish” can be defined as “want” followed by the speaker’s incertitude: X wishes something X wants something X does not think that thing will happen because of this Several definitions can be made up, corresponding to several types of dor. In all the three definitions below, the indefiniteness of the state of mind was expressed 108
y means of the semantic prime for taxonomy A KIND OF, which modifies the phrase “SOMETHING LIKE THIS” of the common NSM definitions. The two phrases are seen as representing two different notions. dor (the “nostalgia” type) X feels something sometimes a person thinks something like this: something happened a long time ago this does not happen now if the same thing happened, I would feel something good when this person thinks like this, this person feels something bad. X feels a kind of something like this. The lines 2-5 of this definition, together with the last one, and without “maybe”, make up a definition of nostalgia. It includes nostalgia for concrete and abstract notions, therefore for persons, too. dor (the “wish” type) X feels something sometimes a person thinks something like this: I want something to happen/I want to do something I do not think that thing will happen because of this if this happened/ if I did this, I would feel something good. when this person thinks like this, this person feels something bad. X feels a kind of something like this. This is the simplest definition of the three, because, as was mentioned above, “wish” can be identified in terms of semantic primes with “want”. dor (the “love” type) 109
- Page 58 and 59: manipulacji. Van Leeuwen (2005) wsk
- Page 60 and 61: Van Dijk, Teun A. (1993) “Princip
- Page 62 and 63: which, as culturally bound linguist
- Page 64 and 65: undertakings. Thus Thore’s death
- Page 66 and 67: “intratextlinguistics”, this wo
- Page 68 and 69: actually a creative projection of a
- Page 70 and 71: Iversen, Mette (2000) From Rune-sto
- Page 72 and 73: 1. Słowa i czyny Jezusa, zwłaszcz
- Page 74 and 75: zapominać - jeśli chce się popra
- Page 76 and 77: Edward T. Hall (1971: 130) distingu
- Page 78 and 79: gazer, saying that one can never fi
- Page 80 and 81: have long chats while drinking some
- Page 82 and 83: this inn when the old AncuŃa lived
- Page 84 and 85: unwelcoming and mysterious space wh
- Page 86 and 87: The pub is another sociopetal space
- Page 88 and 89: much in spite of its shattered aspe
- Page 90 and 91: The domestic, intimate space become
- Page 92 and 93: The Dragon in Sadoveanu, Mihail (19
- Page 94 and 95: Material and method I will first re
- Page 96 and 97: guide to culture”, “vocabulary
- Page 98 and 99: a-i fi dor de Ńară to be homesick
- Page 100 and 101: Dor is most commonly associated wit
- Page 102 and 103: The meaning of “pain” is in (4)
- Page 104 and 105: hierarchical perspective, this mean
- Page 106 and 107: also DO, SAY and MOVE, dor being, o
- Page 110 and 111: X feels something sometimes a perso
- Page 112 and 113: if I did this, I would feel somethi
- Page 114 and 115: 114
- Page 116 and 117: Rozpatrywana po prostu jako powieś
- Page 118 and 119: Słownictwo erotyczne w języku pol
- Page 120 and 121: PoŜądanie Kategoria ta tematyczni
- Page 122 and 123: Oryginał Przekład polski 1 Przek
- Page 124 and 125: she sat deep in an overstuffed bloo
- Page 126 and 127: A delinquent Występna nimfetka [wy
- Page 128 and 129: Dąbrowska, Anna (2002) „Stereoty
- Page 130 and 131: the language that the interactants
- Page 132 and 133: aforementioned conclusions could ha
- Page 134 and 135: upkeep the conversation in oppositi
- Page 136 and 137: Speaker Sex Nationality Age Educati
- Page 138 and 139: constitute, it becomes clear that t
- Page 140 and 141: specific one. Moreover, taking into
- Page 142 and 143: [C: No, Ajaks won’t be eating a g
- Page 144 and 145: G: Ale teraz to pewnie jeszcze te r
- Page 146 and 147: E: Aha, around the shops H: In IKEA
- Page 148 and 149: [E: And you stop it, because the gi
- Page 150 and 151: that occur more frequently within t
- Page 152 and 153: applied by men occurred in a mid-ut
- Page 154 and 155: Example (17) Context: A question re
- Page 156 and 157: extensively minimising the negative
to define dor in NSM terms. The NSM definition of dor will take into account<br />
its semantic components, its semantic roles as well it what it refers to. First,<br />
three definitions of dor will be made up, corresponding to the three feelings<br />
present at the first level. Then definitions for the common subtypes of dor<br />
identified in the corpus will be given in NSM terms.<br />
Before defining dor in NSM terms, the highest level of the definition, i.e.<br />
the indefiniteness of this notion, must be clarified. Indefiniteness is at first sight<br />
a hinder in defining a notion, as it implies that the ‘borders’ of the definition (in<br />
its etymological sense) are blurred. However, this is not a hinder in NSM terms,<br />
as it includes primes as the “interclausal linker” LIKE, the terms for “taxonomy<br />
and partonomy” PART (OF) and KIND (OF), as well as terms expressing<br />
“imagination and possibility” like IF…WOULD and MAYBE. Thus, indefiniteness<br />
does not mean the impossibility of defining, at least in NSM terms.<br />
A further problem is whether the three notions present at level 1, i.e.<br />
“nostalgia”, “wish” and “love” should be decomposed further on up to the level<br />
of semantic primes. This is actually not a relevant point, as the goal of the<br />
present study is to define dor. As it was characterised as a complex notion, and<br />
as the three components cannot include it, there is no risk of circular definition.<br />
Out of the three components, the corresponding verb of “wish”, i.e. “to wish”<br />
can be identified expressed in terms of a semantic primes starting from WANT,<br />
one of the “mental predicates”, whose meaning is close to it. Taking into<br />
account Wierzbicka’s observations on “want” (1996: 177), “wish” can be<br />
defined as “want” followed by the speaker’s incertitude:<br />
X wishes something<br />
X wants something<br />
X does not think that thing will happen because of this<br />
Several definitions can be made up, corresponding to several types of dor. In all<br />
the three definitions below, the indefiniteness of the state of mind was expressed<br />
108
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