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Beijing Olympics 2008: Winning Press Freedom
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17 1 Chinese Eye Tracking Study: Baidu vs. Google, http://www.searchengineland.com
18 1 China's Internet economy grows faster than Western countries; People’s Daily Online, Feb. 17, 2007,
in: http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200702/16/eng20070216_350659.html
19 1 See Pacific Telecommunication Conference (PTC), Honolulu, January 2007, in:
http://www.ptc07.org/program/prog_schedule.html
20 1 Kai LI Kan, An Analysis of Various Models for Wireless Cities, in: Wolfgang Kleinwächter (ed,), The Power of
Ideas: Internet Governance in a Global Multistakeholder Environment, Berlin 2007, p. 130 ff.
21 1 See Access to Knowledge Conference, New Haven Yale Information Society Project, April 27-29, 2007,
in:http://research.yale.edu/isp/eventsa2k2.html
22 1 21st CNNIC Report, p. 42 ff. ibid
23 1 Constitution of the People’s Republic of China (1982), Art. 35, in:
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/constitution/constitution.html
24 1 Art. 40, ibid.
25 1 Art. 41, ibid.
26 1 In a speech, Jan. 17, 2008, Yan Xlaohong, Vice Minister of the General Administration of Press and
Publication (GAPP) recalled: [Communist Party] “Secretary General Hu Jinmo pointed out whether we can cope with the
Internet is a matter that affects the development of socialist culture, the security of information, and the stability of the
state. To protect intellectual property rights by combatting Internet piracy is an important measure to strengthen the
administration of Internet culture and a guarantee for its healthy development. Copyright administrative departments will,
just as usual, cooperate with public security departments and communication administrative departments to crack down
on Internet piracy resolutely and severely, so as to make active contributions to maintaining the order of Internet
communication, developing harmonious Internet culture and promoting the advancement of Internet Industry."
http://www.china.org.cn/e-news/news080117-1.htm
27 1 see Freedom of Expression and the Internet in China: A Human Rights Watch Backgrounder,
http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/asia/china-bck-0701.htm
28 1 see Wikipedia, Internet Censorship in the People's Republic of China,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China
29 1 Internet cafes and other service providers also give users special guidelines for "behavior in good faith."
www.sohu.com informs their customers: "Please take note that the following issues are prohibited according to Chinese
law: 1. Criticism of the PRC Constitution; 2. Revealing State secrets and discussion about overthrowing the Communist
government; 3. Topics that damage the reputation of the State; 4. Discussions that ignite ethnic animosity, discrimination
or regional separatism; 5, Discussion that undermines the State's religious policy, as well as promotes evil cults and
superstition; 6. Spreading rumors, perpetrating and disseminating false news that promotes disorder and social
instability; 7. Dissemination of obscenity, sex, gambling, violence, and terror. Cyber-sex is not permitted within the
English chat-room; 8. Humiliating or slandering innocent people: 9. Any discussion and promotion of content which PRC
laws prohibit. If you are a Chinese national and willingly choose to break these laws, Sohu.com is legally obliged to
report you to the Public Security Bureau. Thank you for your cooperation." http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/asia/chinabck-0701.htm
30 1 A detailed study was done by Benjamin Edelman of the Berkman Center, Internet Filtering in China in 2004-
2005: A Country Study. The study concludes that "China's Internet filtering regime is the most sophisticated effort of its
kind in the world. Compared to similar efforts in other states, China's filtering regime is pervasive, sophisticated, and
effective. It comprises multiple levels of legal regulation and technical control. It involves numerous state agencies and
thousands of public and private personnel. It censors content transmitted through multiple methods, Including web
pages, web logs, online discussion forums, university bulletin board systems, and e-mail messages. Our testing found
efforts to prevent access to a wide range of sensitive materials, from pornography to religious material to political dissent.
In: http://www.opennetinitiative.net/studies/china/
31 1 China's 'Eye on the Internet' a Fraud, http://www.scienceblog.com/cms/chinas-eye-internetfraud-14190.html
32 1 Clive Thompson, Google's China Problem (or China's Google Problem), in: New York Times, April 23, 2006,
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/23/magazine/23google.html?pagewanted=all
33 1 see Freedom of the Press Worldwide in 2006, Annual Report of Reporters Without Borders, p.80 ff, in:
http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_en_bd-4.pdf
34 1 Declan McCullagh, Congressman quizzes Net companies on shame, CNET News, Feb. 15, 2006, in:
http://www.news.com/Congressman-quizzes-Net-companies-on-shame/2100-1028_3-
6040250.html
35 1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Dec. 12, 1948, http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html