138 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 T E C H N I C A L P R O D U C T S Marketing Materials - Alloys & Metal Ceramics LITERATURE Framework Design Manual 599588 Alloys Processing Manual 564169 Solder Processing Manual 593495 Alloy Trouble Shooting Poster 561460 Ceramic Trouble Shooting Guide <strong>IPS</strong> InLine ® / InLine PoM Instructions For Use 609623 <strong>IPS</strong> InLine ® / InLine PoM Dentist Brochure 609615 Dental Dialogue <strong>IPS</strong> InLine System 638515 <strong>IPS</strong> InLine ® / InLine PoM Lab Brochure 609617 <strong>IPS</strong> InLine ® / InLine PoM DVD 608570 <strong>IPS</strong> InLine ® Focus On - Technical Piece 598336
1. Introduction Extremely high requirements are placed on heating elements. In addition to an excellent and homogeneous heat distribution for optimum sintering of dental ceramic materials, the heating elements should also feature a particularly long service life and reliable heating performance across the entire temperature range. Therefore, a new and extraordinarily powerful heating element, which meets all these requirements, has been developed for the new Programat furnaces P300 and P500. P O R C ELAIN FU RNAC E S Ivoclar Vivadent AG Technical Bendererstrasse 2 FL-9494 Schaan Liechtenstein www.ivoclarvivadent.com Topic: Title: Scientific and furnace-related technical aspects of the new heating muffle technology (QTK) Author: Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Rudolf Jussel, Research Associate in Equipment Development, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein 2. Differentiation and function of heating elements Ivoclar Vivadent AG uses the heating element types shown in Figure 1. Given the missing quartz sheath, the Programat furnaces P95, P80, P100, and P200 demonstrate a very direct heating effect. Furthermore, the heat does not develop evenly. The situation has been improved with the Programat PX1 heating element, in which the heating wire is guided through a quartz glass tube. 3. Principle In a QTK heating element like the one used in the Programat P300 For a better understanding, the function of the quartz glass cylinder und Programat P500, a quartz glass cylinder has been placed in placed in front of the heating element is best described with a candle front of the heating element. The mass of this quartz glass cylinder as an example. If the temperature is measured directly above the provides two positive effects. Given the filter effect of the quartz flame of a candle, the measurement will show the highest temperature glass in the infrared range, the quartz glass cylinder itself is heated in the immediate vicinity of the flame. Only slightly to the side of the up. Subsequently, the temperature is evenly distributed to the firing flame, the measured temperature rapidly decreases. There exist steep chamber via the quartz glass cylinder. Since the quartz glass cylinder temperature gradients or temperature inhomogeneity, respectively, demonstrates thermal conductivity, the heat is evenly transported to within the flame. Now, if a thin metal plate that is clearly larger than all the involved heating coils and spirals. In this way, the corresponding the frame is held directly above the flame, the metal plate will very stress is equally distributed to the entire heating element, which evenly heat up due to the thermal conductivity of the metal. The heat positively influences the service life. is also given off laterally. A homogeneous temperature distribution occurs above the metal plate. A point source of heat is thus transformed into a large-area heat source. The same principle is also applied, for example, in a gas-powered barbecue grill, in which a localized gas flame heats up a metal plate, which, in turn, evenly distributes the heat Programat P95, Programat X1 Programat P80, P100, P200 P300, P500 to the items to be barbecued. The application of this principle coupled with the interplay of various other constructive parameters permitted to achieve a very homogeneous temperature field in the firing chamber of the Programat P300 and P500. Fig. 1: Cross-sections of different heating elements of Ivoclar Vivadent furnaces By Rudof Jussel (Dipl Ing) Scientific collaborator at Equipment Development, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan/Liechtenstein In keeping with the current trend of dental materials development, ceramic furnaces for the fabrication of metal-ceramic and all-ceramic dental restorations are usually operated at a temperature range from 600 °C to 1000 °C. However, there has been a clear trend towards the use of low-fusing ceramic materials. Therefore, the challenge was to create a device which enabled highly accurate calibration of dental firing chambers in the low temperature range. This resulted in the development of a new temperature calibration aid for the Programat P500, which relies on the principles of the wellknown silver test, but is based on the use of high-purity aluminum. 1. Introduction It is common knowledge that ceramic furnaces for dental applications need to be calibrated at regular intervals. This necessity for calibration has various causes, eg deposits in the firing chamber, the impact of chemical substances segregated by the processed material, etc A number of methods are currently used to calibrate furnaces Ideally, they should enable operators to conduct the calibration in their laboratory and allow them to adjust the temperature Ivoclar Vivadent AG Technical Bendererstrasse 2 FL-9494 Schaan Principality of Liechtenstein www.ivoclarvivadent.com Fig. Programat P500 in the furnace to that of the specifications of the manufacturer in a simple procedure that provides the desired accuracy. Unfortunately, the term “calibration” is used incorrectly by some manufacturers. Calibration does not refer to a mere Subject: Title: Control the closing process of ceramic furnaces with the Thermo Shock Protection (TSP) Author: Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Rudolf Jussel, scientific collaborator in Equipment Development Eidg. dipl. MDT Karl Gmür, dental lab collaborator in Research and Development Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Principality of Liechtenstein The drying and closing process represents the beginning of every firing cycle of dental ceramics. The basis for a good result is already laid at this point. Errors during drying result in unsatisfactory outcomes since a series of subsequent firing cycles is required. The product family of the Programat furnaces offers various possibilities to control the closing process. In case of the standard closing procedure, the furnace head is closed by means of a defined closing movement within a given time. Consequently, many things are left to chance. With the new Thermo Shock Protection (TSP) function, the standard closing process is actively controlled and chance is turned into control, similar to the antilock braking system (ABS) in cars. Ivoclar Vivadent AG Technical Bendererstrasse 2 FL-9494 Schaan Liechtenstein www.ivoclarvivadent.com Fig.: Imape taken by means of a thermal imaging camera during the predrying process Title: Author: Robert Grünenfelder, project manager Programat EP 5000, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein In 2007, Ivoclar Vivadent launched the new Programat EP 5000 press and ceramic furnace on the dental market. This press furnace offers two new technical features, which have been unique in dental furnaces to date. The new functions are: IPF Intelligent Press Function CDS Crack Detector System The description on the following pages provides a technical insight into these complex functions. Ivoclar Vivadent AG Bendererstrasse 2 FL-9494 Schaan Liechtenstein www.ivoclarvivadent.com Open furnace head after the press cycle P H O N E O R D E R S : 8 0 0 - 5 3 3 - 6 8 2 5 F A X O R D E R S : 8 0 0 - 5 9 8 - 4 5 6 9 139 Marketing Materials - Equipment Programat ® Porcelain Furnace Brochure 599253 Programat ® Pressing and Firing Furnace Brochure 609539 Get Fired Up! Equipment Brochure 604703 Programat ® P700 Article Brand-new and Hot 613651 Dental Dialogue Reprint Programat ® EP 5000 613650 LITERATURE 1/2006 1/2005 1/2007 1/2008 Temperature calibration Scientific Information QTK Muffle Technology The Automatic Temperature Checking Set 2 (ATK 2) for the Programat P500 opens up new calibration options Scientific Information Thermo Shock Protection Scientific Information Subject: Programat ® EP 5000 Description of the IPF and CDS function in the new press furnace Special Update QTK Heating Technology 601608 Special Update ATK 2 Calibration 599681 Special Update Thermo Shock Protection 607555 Special Update Crack Detection and Intelligent Press 612602 The Ultimate Value and Service You Can Depend On! PERFORMANCE Warranty Programat ® P300, Programat ® P500, Programat ® P700, Programat ® EP 3000, Programat ® EP 5000 Programat ® Programat ® Furnace Performance Warranty 604101 Programat ® P300 Instructions For Use 598567 Programat ® P500 Instructions For Use 598572 Programat ® P700 Instructions For Use 607807 Programat ® EP 3000 Instructions For Use 613714 Programat ® EP 5000 Instructions For Use 607802
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