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Arun Mani Tripathi et al ,Int.J.Computer Technology & Applications,Vol 4 (1), 36-42 ISSN:2229-6093 through switches, routers or other fabrics. Typical issues at hardware layer include hardware configuration, fault tolerance, traffic management, power and cooling resource management. The infrastructure layer: Also known as the virtualization layer, the infrastructure layer creates a pool of storage and computing resources by partitioning the physical resources using virtualization technologies such as Xen ,KVM and VMware. The infrastructure layer is an essential component of cloud computing, since many key features, such as dynamic resource assignment, are only made available through virtualization technologies. The platform layer: Built on top of the infrastructure layer, the platform layer consists of operating systems and application frameworks. The purpose of the platform layer is to minimize the burden of deploying applications directly into VM containers. For example, Google App Engine operates at the platform layer to provide API support for implementing storage, database and business logic of typical web applications. The application layer: At the highest level of the hierarchy, the application layer consists of the actual cloud applications. Different from traditional applications, cloud applications can leverage the automatic-scaling feature to achieve better performance, availability and lower operating cost. Compared to traditional service hosting environments such as dedicated server farms, the architecture of cloud computing is more modular. Each layer is loosely coupled with the layers above and below, allowing each layer to evolve IJCTA | Jan-Feb 2013 Available online@www.ijcta.com 37
Arun Mani Tripathi et al ,Int.J.Computer Technology & Applications,Vol 4 (1), 36-42 ISSN:2229-6093 separately. This is similar to the design of the OSI model for network protocols. The architectural modularity allows cloud computing to support a wide range of application requirements while reducing management and maintenance overhead. 3 Cloud Application This is the apex of the cloud pyramid, where applications are run and interacted with via a web browser, hosted desktop or remote client. A hallmark of commercial cloud computing applications is that users never need to purchase expensive software licenses themselves. Instead, the cost is incorporated into the subscription fee. A cloud application eliminates the need to install and run the application on the Customer‟s own computer, thus removing the burden of software maintenance, ongoing operation and support. Cloud Platform The middle layer of the cloud pyramid, which provides a computing platform or framework as a Service. A cloud computing platform dynamically provisions, configures, reconfigures and de-provisions servers as needed to cope with increases or decreases in demand. This in reality is a distributed computing model, where many services pull together to deliver an application or infrastructure request. 4. Cloud Infrastructure The foundation of the cloud pyramid is the delivery of IT infrastructure through virtualization. Virtualization allows the splitting of a single physical piece of hardware into independent, self governed environments, which can be scaled in terms of CPU, RAM, Disk and other elements. The infrastructure includes servers, networks and other hardware appliances delivered as Infrastructure “Web Services”, “farms” or "cloud centers". These are then interlinked with others for resilience and additional capacity. Public Cloud Public cloud (also referred to as „external‟ cloud) describes the conventional meaning of cloud computing: scalable, dynamically provisioned, often virtualized resources available over the Internet from an off-site third party provider, which divides up resources and bills its customers on a „utility‟ basis. Private Cloud Private cloud (also referred to as „corporate‟ or „internal‟ cloud) is a term used to denote a proprietary computing architecture providing hosted services on private networks. This type of cloud computing is generally used by large companies, and allows their corporate network and data centre administrators to effectively IJCTA | Jan-Feb 2013 Available online@www.ijcta.com 38
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