BUREAU VERITAS CERTIFICATION

Bureau Veritas Certification 

92046 Paris La Défense Cedex 

www.certification.bureauveritas.fr 

Company: 

公司 

Project Number 

项目编号 

Address: 

地址 

Location: 

省、市 

Country: 

国家 

Scope: 

范围 

Date: 

日日期 

Assessors: 

审核员 

Scope of the certificate: 

认证范围 

认证范围 

Checklist for FSC Forest Management 

Certification Assessment for China 

中国森林管理认证正式审核检查表 

中国森林管理认证正式审核检查表 

Réf. : SF03 FSC FM China 

Version : 3.0 

版本:3 

中国森林管理认证正式审核检查表 Up dated : 01.19.09 

BUREAU VERITAS CERTIFICATION 

必维国际检验集团必维国际检验集团认证服务部 

认证服务部 

认证服务部 

FM Certification 

森林经营管理认证 

Date of this version: 19Janurary 2009 

版本日日期:2009 年 1 月 19 日日 

Draft for public consultation 

公开讨论稿 

版本日日期:2009 年 2 月 19 日日 

BVC china FSC FM Checklist_EnCn_v31.doc Page - 1 - sur 61 

中国森林认证检查表 SF 03 第 3 版本日日期:2009 年 2 月 19 日日 - 1 -61

BVC 8/F Building No.8, Pudong Lujiazui Software Park, No.120, Lane 91, E Shan Road, Shanghai 

200127 Tel: +86 21 6886 0643, Fax: +86 21 6886 1418 Email: holly.liu@cn.bureauveritas.com 

上海市浦东新新区峨山路路 91 弄 120 号陆家嘴软件园 8 号楼 8 楼邮编:200127 

- 2 - 

- 2 -

P&C Requirement 

FSC 原则与标准 

原则与标准 

. 必维国际检验集团认证服务 

Sources of Verification 

证据据来源 

证据据来源 

Result 

结果结果 

结果 

1. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND FSC PRINCIPLES - Forest management shall respect all 

applicable laws of the country in which they occur and international treaties and 

agreements to which the country is a signatory, and comply with all FSC Principles and 

Criteria. 

原则原则 1:遵守法律及 

:遵守法律及 FSC 的原则 

的原则 

准。 

森林经营应遵守所在国家的法律及其国家签署的国际公约和协议,并遵守 FSC 的所有原则和标 

1.1. Forest management shall respect all national and local laws and administrative 

requirements 

标准标准 1.1 森林经营应尊重本国的所有法律和地方方行政法规. 

1.1.1 Relevant laws and guidelines and 

regulations for implementation are 

available and kept up to date. 

具备相关实施施法律法规并保持持更新新 

1.1.2 Conflicts with laws or guidelines 

are documented and countermeasures 

have been developed. 

记录了和相关法律法规产生的冲突并 

制定了对策 

1.1.3 A system to periodically 

communicate all relevant information to 

the members of the management 

operation exists 

具备定期向管理部门传达相关信息的 

机制 

1.1.4 Responsible personnel is familiar 

with the legal context in which they 

operate. 

部门负责人熟悉悉相关法律 

1.1.5 The forest management adheres to 

all national and local laws and 

administrative requirements. 

森林经营单位遵守国家、地区法律法 

规和管理要求 

1.2. All applicable and legally prescribed fees, royalties, taxes and other charges shall be 

paid 

标准标准 1.2 森林经营单位应按按期缴纳所有依法规定的费用。 

1.2.1 A list of all fees etc. to be paid is 

available at the forest authorities and 

known to the forest manager. 

森林经营单位管理人员熟悉悉并提供单 

位所需缴纳各种费用的票据据证明明 

修订: 3 日日期: 19.02.2009 文文件: 森林经营标准审核表 3-61

1.2.2 There is evidence that all required 

fees etc. have been paid completely and 

in time by the forest operation. 

有证据据表明明森林经营单位按按时时足足额的 

缴纳了所须缴纳的各种费用 


1.3. In signatory countries, the provisions of all the binding international agreements such as 

CITES, ILO conventions, ITTA, and Convention on Biological Diversity, shall be 

respected. 

标准标准 1.3 尊重签约国所有具有约束力的国际协议(如《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易易公约》、《国际劳 

工组织公约》、《国际热带木材协定》及《生物多样性公约》)中的有关条款。 

1.3.1 Elements of international 

agreements relevant for a single forest 

management unit (e.g. protected 

species) are known and respected. 

在具体森林经营活动中,操作人员了 

解并遵守相关国际公约内容 

1.3.2 A system to periodically 

communicate all relevant information to 

the members of the management 

operation exists. 

经营单位建立了相关传达系统,定期 

把把相关信息传达到各部门。 

1.3.3 Forest managers are aware that 

ILO conventions specified in FSC-POL- 

30-401 shall apply to the management 

whether or not they have been ratified by 

the country. 

森林经营者清楚FSC-POL-30-401中说 

明明的《国际劳工组织公约》,无无论他 

们被国家批批准与否都应用于经营中。 

1.4. Conflicts between laws, regulations and the FSC Principles and Criteria shall be 

evaluated for the purposes of certification, on a case-by-case basis, by the certifiers and 

the involved or affected parties. 

标准标准 1.4 应围绕认证目的,由认证机构及参与或受影响的各方方对相关法律、法规与 FSC 原则和标准 

之间的冲突之处进行逐项评估。 

1.4.1 Conflicts between laws, regulations 

and the FSC Principles and Criteria are 

documented and are reported to the 

certification body. 

某些地方方法律法规与森林认证标准发 

生的冲突应记录在案,并报给认证机 

构 

1.4.2 Identified conflicts are being solved 

in an appropriate and proper way. 

通过适当方方式使这些冲突得到解决 


1.4.3 Conflicts between FSC 

requirements and laws are resolved 

through consultation between FSC 

working group (China), the FSC certifier 

某些法律法规和 FSC 要求发生的冲突 

经过 FSC 中国工作组和认证机构协商 

解决。 


1.5. Forest management areas should be protected from illegal harvesting, settlement and 

other unauthorised activities 

标准标准 1.5 森林经营区应当避免非法采伐、定居及其它未经许可的活动。 

1.5.1 A list of possible and occurring 

illegal or unauthorized activities (e.g. 

illegal forest harvesting, settlement, 

deforestation) is set up. 

森林经营单位有禁止在林区内可能发 

生和正在发生的非法活动(如:非法 

采伐、非法定居等)清单。 

1.5.2 A documented system to identify 

and monitor illegal or unauthorized 

activities is in place. 

建立了对非法活动进行坚定和监测的 

体系,并记录在案 

1.5.3 Appropriate protective measures 

(e.g. signs, special personnel) to avoid 

occurrence of unauthorised activities are 

in place. 

制订了适合的措施施以防止非法活动的 

发生(如指指派专门人员) 

1.6. Forest managers shall demonstrate a long-term commitment to adhere to the FSC 

Principles and Criteria 

标准标准 1.6 森林经营者应承诺长期遵守 FSC 原则和标准。 

1.6.1 An appropriate policy statement is 

included in the official documents of the 

forest enterprise or the forest service. 

森林企业或林业局的正式文文件里有合适 

的政策声明明。 

1.6.2A long term forest management 

plan demonstrates a commitment to 

adhere to the FSC Principles and 

Criteria. 

长期森林经营方方案中承诺长期遵守认 

证的标准和原则 

1.6.3 Forest managers have introduced 

their employees in the FSC principles 

and criteria. 

森林经营单位向单位员工介绍了认证 

原则和标准 


1.6.4 There is a documented procedure 

how to introduce the FSC principles and 

criteria to new employees. 

经营单位建立了如何向新新员工介绍认 

证原则和标准的程序并记录在案 

1.6.5 The policy excludes any practice 

that is in opposition to FSC purposes 

when the manager applies for partial 

certification of the managed lands. 

当经营者申请经营土地的局部认证 

时时,政策应排除和 FSC 目的相悖悖的任 

何惯惯例 

1.6.6When the evaluation does not 

include all the forest areas in which the 

applicant is involved, the applicant must 

explain the reasons for this, and the 

reasons must be documented. 

如审核的林地只是是申请人经营的所有林地 

的一部分,申请人必须解释原因并有相关 

记录。 


2. TENURE AND RIGHTS RESPONSIBILITIES - Long-term tenure and use rights to the land 

and forest resources shall be clearly defined, documented and legally established. 

原则原则 2:所有权、使用权及责任 

:所有权、使用权及责任 

对土地及森林资源的长期所有权和使用权应明明确界定、建档并形成法律文文件。 

2.1. Clear long-term tenure and forest use rights to the land (e.g. land title, customary rights, 

or lease agreements) shall be demonstrated 

标准标准 2.1 有确凿证据据证明明拥拥有对土地和森林资源的长期使用权(如土地所有权、传统的权利或特许 

协议)。 

2.1.1 Documentation describing the legal 

status of the land and existing forest use 

rights 

经营单位具有证明明文文件,明明确其土地 

的合法状况和森林资源的使用权 

2.1.2 Forest managers have forest 

tenure certificates issued by the State 

Council or the competent forestry 

authority of the local government above 

county level, which define the access to 

forests, trees and land, and the 

ownership of trees owned by users. 

森林经营单位拥拥有县级以上林业主管 

部门颁发的林权证。林权证定义了森 

林的所有者。 


2.1.3 Contractors for forest management 

and maintenance have relevant legal 

certificate, such as contracts available. 

森林经营和维护的承包商有相关的合 

法证明明如合同。 

2.1.4 Conflicts on tenure and use rights 

are identified, recognised and 

documented. 

鉴定、识别并记录了所有权和使用权 

的矛盾冲突。 


2.2. Local communities with legal or customary tenure or use rights shall maintain control, to 

the extent necessary to protect their rights or resources, over forest operations unless 

they delegate control with free and informed consent to other agencies. 

标准标准标准 2.2 拥拥有法定及传统所有权和使用权的当地社区应保持持对森林作业的控制,某种程度上是是出于对 

他们的权利和资源保护的需要,除非他们在知情情的情情况下自愿愿把把控制权委托给其它机构。 

2.2.1 Local communities with legal or 

customary tenure or use rights are 

identified. 

当地社区的传统合法所有权和使用权 

得到了签定和确认。 

2.2.2 Documentation on legal or 

customary tenure exists. 

相关文文件具体阐述了传统合法所有权 

和使用权。 

2.2.3 Identified legal or customary tenure 

or use rights are recognized in the 

planning process. 

在计划编制过程中当地社区的传统合法 

所有权和使用权得到了体现。 

2.2.4 Local communities who possess of 

legal and traditional ownership and 

tenure have the right to control the 

activities of the forest management. 

村民拥拥有对木质和非木质资源的传统 

合法所有权和使用权,从而有权干预 

森林经营活动。 

2.2.5 Land rights of use owners shall be 

compensated when their land is 

transformed for other uses/purposes 

当用户的土地被挪挪做他用时时,应对其 

进行补偿。 

2.2.6 Controlled access is given or 

offered to local communities for timber 

and non-timber forest products. 

为村民采集木质和非木质林产品提供 

受管制的通道。 


2.2.7 Identified legal or customary tenure 

or rights of use (e.g. mushroom, berries, 

barbecue) are recognized in the process 

of planning and implementation. 

村民拥拥有对木质和非木质资源的传统 

合法所有权和使用权(如采集蘑菇和 

水果,烧烤)在营林方方案计划和实施施 

中得到了体现。 


2.3. Appropriate mechanisms shall be employed to resolve disputes over tenure claims and 

use rights. The circumstances and status of any outstanding disputes will be explicitly 

considered in the certification evaluation. Disputes of substantial magnitude involving a 

significant number of interests will normally disqualify an operation from being certified. 

标准标准 2.3 要运用适当的机制,来解决有关所有权及使用权方方面的纠纷。在认证审核中,要考虑任何 

悬悬而未决纠纷的环境及事态。涉及到很多利益的大量纠纷通常会导致一项森林经营活动失去认证资 

格。 

2.3.1 A documentation describing the 

methods and instruments to resolve 

disputes over tenure claims and use 

rights (dispute resolution system) exists. 

森林经营单位有解决土地所有权和使 

用权纠纷的具体办法和相关资料料(纠 

纷解决机制)。 

2.3.2 Records of previously documented 

disputes and their solutions exist. 

有与当地社区存在争议问题的并解决 

的记录。 

3. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS - The legal and customary rights of indigenous peoples 

to own, use and manage their lands, territories, and resources shall be recognised and 

respected. 

原则原则 3:原住居民的权利 

:原住居民的权利 

应当承认并尊重原住居民拥拥有、使用和经营他们的土地、领地及资源的法定权利及传统权 



利。利。根据据利。根据据根据据 FSC 的精神,中国把把少数民族族的权利等同与原住居民的权利。 

的精神,中国把把少数民族族的权利等同与原住居民的权利。 

3.1. Indigenous peoples shall control forest management on their lands and territories unless 

they delegate control with free and informed consent to other agencies. 

标准标准 3.1 原住居民应当控制其土地及领地上的森林经营,除非他们在知情情的情情况下自愿愿把把控制权委 

托给其它机构。 


3.1.1 Possible ownership, interests and 

customary rights of indigenous people 

are identified and known to the forest 

management. 

营林单位应确认和了解原住居民的领 

地所有权,相关利益和传统文文化权 

利。 

3.1.2 Indigenous peoples are free to 

exercise their forest management rights. 

原住居民拥拥有森林自主经营权 

3.1.3 Written agreements between 

indigenous peoples and the forest 

authority regarding the control of forest 

management exist. 

与原住居民就森林经营控制权达成书 

面协议 

3.1.4 All parties adhere to the 

agreements made. 

各方方都应遵守相关协议 


3.2. Forest management shall not threaten or diminish, either directly or indirectly, the 

resources or tenure rights of indigenous peoples 

标准标准标准 3.2 森林经营不能直接或间接地破坏资源或削弱原住居民的使用权。 

3.2.1 Resources or tenure rights of 

indigenous peoples are considered in 

the management plan. 

森林经营方方案应考虑原住居民资源和 

土地的使用权。 

3.2.2 There is a mechanism of 

recognising and addressing the social 

problems and rights of indigenous 

people. 

建立关于原住居民社会问题及权利纠 

纷问题的确定和处理机制。 

3.2.3 The measures taken to counter 

these negative impacts are documented. 

记载对这些负面影响采取的措施施 

3.3. Sites of special cultural, ecological, economic or religious significance to indigenous 

peoples [and other sections of the community] shall be clearly identified in co-operation 

with such peoples, and recognised and protected by forest managers. 

标准标准 3.3 森林经营者要与原住居民合作,明明确划出对他们有特殊文文化、生态、经济或宗教意意义的场 

所,并加以确认和保护。 

3.3.1 Management documentation and 

maps clearly show sites of special 

cultural, ecological, economic or religious 

significance to indigenous people. 

原住居民的独特文文化,生态,经济 

宗教意意义的场所应在经营方方案和地图 

上标明明。 


3.3.2 Forest manager and workers are 

familiar with these sites. 

营林单位的管理人员及职工应熟悉悉上 

述场所 

3.3.3 Sites of special cultural, ecological, 

economic or religious significance to 

indigenous peoples are to be considered 

in forest management activities. 

在森林管理活动中应考虑到对原住居 

民的独特文文化,生态,经济和宗教意意 

义的场所的保护。 

3.3.4 Suitable rights of access to theses 

sites are authorized. 

适当的使用这些地点的权利是是要授权 

的。 

3.3.5 There are processes for: 

complaints recording; formal recognition 

and protection of such sites; solution of 

conflicts. 

有这些过程:抱抱怨记录;正式承认和保 

护这些场所;冲突解决。 


3.4. Indigenous peoples shall be compensated for the application of their traditional 

knowledge regarding the use of forest species or management systems in forest 

operations. This compensation shall be formally agreed upon with their free and 

informed consent before forest operations commence. 

标准标准 3.4 在森林树种的利用及森林作业的管理体系等方方面利用原住居民的传统知识时时,应对他们 

给予相应的补偿。应当在森林经营活动开始以前,在原住居民自愿愿和知情情的情情况下,就这些补偿条件正式达成 

一致意意见。 

3.4.1 Written or verbal agreements 

between indigenous peoples and the 

forest authority on the compensation of 

knowledge exist. 

森林经营单位与原住居民就原住居民 

的知识产权补偿费用达成书面或口头 

协议 

3.4.2 If such a traditional knowledge is 

used for commercial finality by the 

audited entity (or any other associated 

entity), compensations are granted 

(equitably while considering the 

commercial value of such skills) before 

the forest operations starting 

如果这些传统知识被认证实体(或其 

他相关实体)最终用于商业,在森林 

经营活动开始前给予相应的补偿(公 

正地考虑这些技能的商业价值) 


3.4.3 There are evidences that the 

granted compensations are effectively 

paid. 

有证据据证明明已经支付了这些补偿。 


4. COMMUNITY RELATIONS AND WORKER’S RIGHTS - Forest management operations 

shall maintain or enhance the long-term social and economic well being of forest workers 

and local communities. 

原则原则 4:社区关系与劳动者的权利 

:社区关系与劳动者的权利 

森林经营活动应维护或提高森林劳动者和当地社区的长期社会利益及经济利益。 

4.1. The communities within, or adjacent to, the forest management area should be given 

opportunities for employment, training, and other services. 

标准标准 4.1 森林经营区内及临近地区的社区群众均应享有就业、培训与其它服务的机会。 

4.1.1 The enterprise has an active policy 

to employ an adequate number of local 

workers. 

企业有积极政策雇佣足足够的当地工人。 

4.1.2 Training and/or other appropriate 

forms of assistance to local people, 

disadvantaged groups, and workers to 

meet the organisation’s long-term 

staffing requirements are developed 

and supported where appropriate 

开发并尽可能地支持持培训和/或其它适当 

形式的帮助使当地群众、弱势群体和工 

人符合在组织内担担任长期员工的要求 

4.1.3 people in local communities and 

from disadvantaged groups are given 

equal or preferential opportunities in 

employment, training and contracting 

当地社区以及弱势群体的人在就业、培 

训和签约等方方面得到平等或优先机会 

4.1.4 A financial or technical support is 

given to the local infrastructures as well 

as to social programs based on the 

importance of the forest resources. 

基于森林资源的重要性给予当地基础设 

施施和社会项目财政和技术支持持。 

4.1.5 Local communities are given the 

opportunity to benefit from the services 

the forest can provide (e.g. taxes, 

employment, training, social services, 

infrastructures ). 

当地社区居民能够从森林经营活动中 

受益(如税收、工作、培训、社会服 

务、基础设施施) 


4.1.6 Local communities have 

unrestricted access to the forest for 

collecting mushrooms and berries, and 

for hiking and barbecuing. 

社区居民自由进入林区采集蘑菇和野 

果或其他游憩活动如野餐、登山. 

4.1.7 no workers should be engaged in 

debt bondage or other forms of forced 

labour 

任何工人不得参与捆捆绑债务或接受其它 

形式的强迫劳动 

4.1.8 all employees, contractors and subcontractors 

must be paid a fair wage and 

other benefits (social security payments, 

pension, accommodation, food) which 

meet or exceed all legal requirements 

and those provided in comparable 

occupations in the same region 

所有雇员、合同承包商和分包合同承包 

商的工资和其它福利待遇(社会保险 

金、退休金、住宿、伙食)应公平,达 

到或超超过法定要求和同一地区可比岗位 

的待遇 

4.1.9 children and young persons under 

15 years are not employed in any 

forestry work 

任何林业工作不应雇佣儿童和 15 岁以 

下的少年. 

4.1.10 Children and young persons 

under 18 years should not be employed 

at night or to carry out heavy work or 

hazardous operations (e.g. pesticide 

application, harvesting) except for the 

purposes of training. 

除非进行培训,儿童以及 18 岁以下的 

青少年不得在夜间工作、进行重体力劳 

动或危险作业(例如喷洒杀虫药、采 

伐) 


4.2. Forest management should meet or exceed all applicable laws and/or regulations 

covering health and safety of employees and their families. 

标准标准 4.2 森林经营应满足足或超超过与职工及其家庭健康和安全有关的所有适用法律和/或法规。 

4.2.1 Detailed instructions on health and 

safety measures exist (including rules for 

work processes of forest workers in 

harvesting areas). 

有详细的关于健康和安全措施施的说明明 

(包括括林业工人在采伐区操作规定) 


4.2.2 The Labor law of the People’s 

Republic of China, the Safety in 

Production Law of the People’s Republic 

of China and other relevant laws and 

regulations regarding working safety and 

health have been honoured to ensure the 

health and safety of employees, their 

families and sub-contractors. 

严格遵守劳动法、安全生产法和其他 

相关法律法规,保障职工及其家属和 

分包合同承包商的健康和安全. 

4.2.3 Ongoing training on safety and 

health is provided. 

提供正在进行的关于健康和安全培训 

的相关文文件 

4.2.4 An internal control system to 

ensure health and care is in place (incl. 

statistics on accidents). 

建立了关于健康和安全的内部管理机 

制(如事故统计) 

4.2.5 Health and care measures are 

supported by the employer (e.g. 

allowance for personal safety 

equipment). 

经营单位有相关的保障措施施(如工人 

安全服装的补贴) 

4.2.6 Information on work risks and 

means to avoid them are provided by the 

employer. 

经营单位提供工作潜在危险的相关资 

料料和规避该危险的操作规定 

4.2.7 Forest management assures that 

safety equipment is used by forest 

workers (own workers and workers of 

contractors and concessionaires!) as a 

matter of routine. 

森林经营单位应确保林业工人(自己的 

工人和合同承包商及受让人)作业时时使 

用安全装备. 

4.2.8 Chainsaw operators have to wear 

full safety equipment (hard hats with ear 

and face protection, protective clothing, 

boots); other workers have to wear at 

least hard hats and boots 

油锯工人必须穿着全套安全服(安全 

帽、安全服和安全靴);其他工种则 

至少需要穿着安全帽和安全靴. 



4.2.9 Safety equipment meets national 

standard (law, regulation, guideline), 

ideally the following: hard hats, hearing 

protection, high visibility vests, steel toe 

boots and chainsaw proof chaps. 

安全服达到国家标准(相关法律法规 

规定的)一般说来是是以下几项:安全 

帽、耳塞、可见度高的马甲、钢靴和 

油锯工的护腿套裤. 

4.2.10 A member of the personnel is 

responsible for health aspects and safety 

at work (policy, prevention system, 

intervention system, training, continual 

improvement). 

有一个员工负责健康方方面和工作安全 

(政策,预防体系,干涉体系,培 

训,持持续改进)。 

4.2.11 all necessary tools, machines and 

equipment, including appropriate 

personal protective equipment (PPE), 

are available at the worksite and are in 

safe and serviceable condition. 

工作地点有所有必要的工具、机器、器 

械和设备,包括括适当的个人防护设备 

(PPE),并处于安全和能够使用的状 

态下. 


4.3. The rights of the workers to organise and voluntarily negotiate with their employers shall 

be guaranteed as outlined in Conventions 87 and 98 of the International Labour 

Organisation (ILO). 

标准标准 4.3 根据据《国际劳工组织公约 1987》和《国际劳工组织公约 1998》的规定,要保证职工有建立 

组织及自发同雇主谈判的权利。 

4.3.1 The workers are not prevented 

from joining a trade union of their choice. 

A worker’s committee or another 

workers' organization exists within the 

operation. (Small operations are 

excepted.) 

允许工人自愿愿加入工会,在实际中还有 

工人委员会或其他的工人组织存在 

(小规模的除外). 

4.3.2 staff members with responsibility 

for liaison with workers and workers’ 

organisations are identified. 

指指定了负责与工人和工人组织联络的员 

工。 


4.3.3 National working rights are known, 

recognized and applied (e.g. pay 

agreements). 

尊重、熟悉悉并且保障员工拥拥有的国家 

规定的劳动权利(如劳资合同) 

4.3.4 The wages, salaries and other 

social welfare benefits agreed between 

the employer and the employees or their 

representatives (e.g. unions) are fixed in 

the contracts. 

经营单位和员工或员工代表(如工 

会)签定的合同明明确了工资及社会福 

利等内容。 

4.3.5 Certification process must be 

announced to the local population (e.g. 

by newspaper, radio). 

认证过程应在本地区进行宣传(如报 

纸、电台) 

4.3.6 A system of equal pay for equal 

work is being maintained. 

坚持持同工同酬的相关制度 

4.3.7 There is no forced labour and child 

labour in the forest management unit. 

在森林经营活动中,没有强迫劳工或 

雇佣童工的行为发生。 


4.4 Management planning and operations shall incorporate the results of evaluations of 

social impact. Consultations shall be maintained with people and groups directly affected 

by management operations. 

标准标准 4.4 应把把社会影响评估的结果结合到森林经营规划与实施施方方案中去,并保持持同受森林经营活动直 

接影响的个人及群体进行磋商。 

4.4.1 Social impacts are monitored and 

evaluated, based on the scale of the 

forest management unit. 

根据据森林经营活动开展的范围,对社 

会影响进行监测和评估 

4.4.2 The results of social monitoring are 

reflected in the management planning. 

社会监测的结果在营林方方案中得到了 

体现 

4.4.3 Relevant stakeholders are known 

to the enterprise. 

社会监测的结果在营林方方案中得到了 

体现 

4.4.4 Systems for periodical stakeholder 

consultation (e.g. round table meetings) 

are in place. 

建立了利益相关方方定期进行协商的机 

制(如圆桌会议) 


4.4.5 Management documentation and 

maps clearly show sites of special 

cultural, ecological, economic or religious 

significance to local communities. 

相关文文件和地图清楚的标出了对当地 

社区有特殊意意义的文文化、生态、经济 

或宗教地点 

4.4.6 Sites of special cultural, ecological, 

economic or religious significance to 

local communities are recognized in 

forest management activities. 

森林经营活动中照顾到了对当地社区 

有特殊意意义的文文化、生态、经济或宗 

教地点 

4.4.7 Local organizations or individuals 

directly affected by forestry activities are 

given an opportunity to participate in 

forest management planning, as would 

be normal given societal norms. 

森林经营活动如影响了当地组织或个 

人,应允许其参与重要营林活动的方方 

案设计 


4.4. Appropriate mechanisms shall be employed for resolving grievances and for providing 

fair compensation in the case of loss or damage affecting the legal or customary rights, 

property, resources or livelihoods of local peoples. Measures shall be taken to avoid 

such loss or damage 

标准标准 4.5 如果森林经营造成的损损失和破坏影响了当地人法定或传统的权利、财产、资源或生活,则应 

运用适当的机制加以解决,并提供合理的补偿。 

4.5.1 Sites of high value for local people 

(cultural, religious, source of food or 

other services) are known and measures 

are in place to protect them from 

damage. 

森林经营单位熟悉悉对当地居民具有重 

要价值的地区(文文化上、宗教上、食 

物区或其他功能区)并制定了相关保 

护措施施 

4.5.2 Possible cases where 

compensation would be appropriate have 

been identified and are being dealt with. 

对可能需要进行补偿的事例进行了评 

估和鉴定,并最终解决 

4.5.3 Procedures for resolving 

grievances and for providing fair 

compensation are in place and 

documented (if in place) 

有文文件表明明经营单位建立了纠纷解决 

机制和适当的补偿标准 



5. BENEFITS FROM THE FOREST - Forest management operations shall encourage the 

efficient use of the forest’s multiple products and services to ensure economic viability 

and a wide range of environmental and social benefits. 

原则原则 5:森林带来的收益 

:森林带来的收益 

:森林带来的收益 

森林经营活动应鼓励有效利用森林的多种产品和服务,以确保森林的经济效益和广泛的社会效益 

森林经营活动应鼓励有效利用森林的多种产品和服务,以确保森林的经济效益和广泛的社会效益 

及环境效益。 

及环境效益。 

5.1. Forest management should strive towards economic viability, while taking into account 

the full environmental, social, and operational costs of production, and ensuring the 

investments necessary to maintain the ecological productivity of the forest 

标准标准 5.1 森林经营应力争实现经济效益,同时时要全面考虑生产的环境、社会和运行成本,并确保维 

持持森林生态系统生产力的必要投投入。 

5.1.1 The enterprise invests pro-actively 

in the maintenance or improvement of 

the ecological productivity of the forest 

(e.g. management planning, road 

maintenance, silvicultural treatments, 

long-term forest health, growth and yield 

monitoring and conservation 

investments). 

森林经营单位应在维持持和促进森林生 

态生产力方方面进行必要的投投资(如: 

制订营林计划、维修道路路、改进林 

分、长期维护森林健康、监测森林生 

长和林地状况、促进生态保存)。 

5.1.2 A bookkeeping system is in place 

which defines different types of costs and 

analyse the costs. 

具有确定各种成本类型和成本分析的簿 

记系统。 

5.1.3 A work plan and budget for the 

current financial year is in place. 

有本年度财政计划和预算 

5.1.4 Cost-benefit-analysis is carried out 

periodically. 

定期开展成本效益分析。 

5.2. Forest management and marketing operations should encourage the optimal use and 

local processing of the forest’s diversity of products. 

标准标准 5.2 森林经营及市场营销应鼓励多种林产品的最佳利用和就地加工。 

5.2.1 Forest management planning and 

implementation recognizes the wide 

variety of forest functions and services. 

营林规划和实施施充分考虑到了森林功 

能和服务的多样性 


5.2.2 Forest management shows efforts 

of diversification of forest products and 

services. 

森林经营单位致力于保护和促进森林 

产品和功能的多样性 


to a highly efficient use of different tree 

species, timber and non-timber products. 

森林经营单位致力于不同树种、木材 

和非木质林产品的高效利用。 

5.2.4 Forest management recognizes the 

demands of the society (products and 

services) and strives for an appropriate 

innovative marketing strategy. 

森林经营单位了解市场需求(林产品 

和服务功能)并实施施适当的市场革新新 

5.2.5 The enterprise sells its forest 

products preferably to local or regional 

processing industries if available. 

森林经营单位应尽可能把把林产品销售 

给本地加工企业。 


to support and/or stimulate local 

processing of forest products. 

森林经营单位致力于促进本地加工工 

业的发展 

5.2.7 The enterprise concludes regular 

contracts with local wood-traders and 

processing units if available. 

森林经营单位应尽可能和本地木材商 

和加工企业签定合同。 

5.2.8 Documentation of flow of 

distribution of forest products is 

available. 

有记录木材产品的流向的文文件 


5.3. Forest management should minimise waste associated with harvesting and on-site 

processing operations and avoid damage to other forest resources. 

标准标准标准 5.3 森林经营应尽可能减少因采伐及就地加工造成的浪费,并避免破坏其它的森林资源。 

5.3.1 Harvesting technique shall be 

designed to avoid log breakage, timber 

degradation and damage to the forest 

stand and other resources. 

设计的采伐技术应避免造成原木损损坏、 

木材降级或对林分和其他资源造成损损 

害。 


5.3.2 On-site processing operations 

follow the latest (national and/ or 

international) standards and 

technologies. 

采伐现场的加工作业严格按按照(国内 

和国际)最新新的标准和技术 

5.3.3 Waste(broken machinery, 

containers, saw chains, oil,etc.) 

generated through harvesting operations, 

on site processing and extraction shall 

be collected and disposed off outside the 

forest. 

采伐、现场加工和集材产生的任何废料料 

(损损坏的机械、包装物、锯链、燃油 

等)应被收集,并在林区外处理。 

5.3.4 Methods to avoid locally defined 

unacceptable damage to soil, water 

systems and wetlands, riparian zones, 

sensitive sites residual forest areas, seed 

trees, young growth, wildlife habitats and 

important non timber forest products are 

being implemented. 

森林经营单位制订了保护措施施保护当 

地土壤、水体、湿地、河岸、敏感感区 

域的剩余林区、母树、幼树、野生动 

物栖息地、主要非木质林产品等不受 

损损害并实施施 

5.3.5 Harvested timber is transported 

from the forest before the deterioration or 

decomposition processes start. 

木材应在腐烂之前转移到别的地点 

5.3.6 Harvest machinery, skidders, 

trucks etc. only operate on permitted 

tracks. 

相关机械设备如伐木机、集材机、卡 

车等只能在集材道区域进行作业 

5.3.7 Harvesting residues (branches etc.) 

are used for soil protection on skidding 

tracks. 

采伐后的剩余物(如枝叶)应用于集 

材道的保护。 

5.3.8 A post-harvesting inventory is 

carried out to determine the level of 

avoidable and unavoidable damages, 

and practices are adapted where 

necessary. 

采伐后应进行相关调查以确定那些可 

避免的以及无无法避免的损损害的等级, 

并采取必要的措施施 




5.4. Forest management should strive to strengthen and diversify the local economy, 

avoiding dependence on a single forest product. 

标准标准 5.4 森林经营应促进当地经济并使之多元化,避免依赖单一林产品。 

5.4.1 Forest management is oriented at 

the production of a wide variety of forest 

products (timber and non-timber, 

including lesser known species) and 

services including tourism and 

recreation. 

森林经营单位应致力于森林产品(木 

质和非木质林产品)和服务(包括括旅旅 

游和游憩)的多样化。 

5.4.2 The enterprise shall support local 

value added processing. 

企业应支持持当地的高附加值加工。 

5.4.3 The utilisation of non-timber forest 

products is encouraged. 

5.5. Forest management operations shall recognise, maintain and, where appropriate, 

enhance the value of forest services and resources such as watersheds and fisheries. 

标准标准标准 5.5 森林经营活动应承认、保持持并在适当的地方方提高森林服务和资源(如流域及渔业区)的价 

值。 

5.5.1 Forest function mapping is 

available. 

森林经营单位制定了森林功能图示。 

5.5.2 The Forest management unit has 

identified the extent and content of the 

forest services in the forest areas incl. 

scientific research, tourism and 

education bases. 

森林经营单位对林区内森林服务的内 

容和范围进行了确定(包括括科学研 

究、旅旅游和教育中心等) 

5.5.3 Guidelines and measures for the 

protection and enhancement of forest 

values and services are in place. 

森林经营单位制定了旨旨在保护和促进 

森林服务和价值的规定和措施施。 

5.5.4 The enterprise shall protect riparian 

zones along all watercourses, streams, 

pools, springs and lakes/ponds, 

consistent with the requirement of 

national regulations of best management 

practices. 

按按照国家法规和最佳经营作业要求,企业 

应对河道、溪流、池塘、泉眼和湖泊沿岸 

地区进行保护。 


5.5.5 Forestry activities do not damage 

habitats of commercially or culturally 

significant fish species within the forest 

area or downstream. 

森林经营单位应避免营林活动对林区 

内或下游具有商业或文文化重要意意义的 

鱼类的栖息地造成损损害。 


5.6. The rate of harvest of forest products shall not exceed levels, which can be permanently 

sustained. 

标准标准 5.6 林产品的采伐率不得超超过长期可持持续利用所允许的水平。 

5.6.1 Management plans are based on 

current calculation of the sustainable 

yield for timber and non-timber products. 

经营方方案的制定应根据据最近的木材和非 

木质产品的可持持续利用几计算结果而编 

制。 

5.6.2 Planning of the annual allowable 

cut (AAC) is clearly stated in the forest 

management plan and is based on 

recognized (published) methods, have 

received official reply by the higher forest 

authorities and are in accordance to the 

management objectives set. 

营林规划中规定了年度采伐量和相关 

方方式,得到了上级部门批批准并和营林 

目标相一致。 

5.6.3 Forests, where logging is 

prohibited, are not included in the 

calculation of the AAC. 

不允许进行采伐的森林不在年度采伐 

量的计算范围之内 

5.6.4 Harvest permit are available and 

the harvesting is in line with the permits. 

营林单位持持有采伐证且采伐内容与采 

伐证相一致。 

5.6.5 Inventories as basis for the 

calculation of the AAC are carried out 

periodically. 

定期开展清查是是计算年度采伐量的基 

础。 

5.6.6 Volumes harvested are monitored, 

documented and taken into account 

during the planning process. 

营林单位应监测和记录采伐总量,并 

在制订营林规划时时予以考虑。 


5.6.7 Harvesting and regeneration 

follows the “Regulations on Forest 

Harvest and Regeneration” and the 

national forest harvesting regulations 

森林采伐和更新新应遵守森林采伐和更 

新新规定和国家森林采伐规定。 


6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT - Forest management shall conserve biological diversity and 

its associated values, water resources, soils, and unique and fragile ecosystems and 

landscapes, and, by so doing, maintain the ecological functions and the integrity of the 

forest. 

原则原则 6:环境影响 

:环境影响 

森林经营应保护生物多样性及其相关的价值,如水资源、土壤以及独特的和脆弱的生态系统与 

森林经营应保护生物多样性及其相关的价值,如水资源、土壤以及独特的和脆弱的生态系统与 

景观的价值,并以此来保持持森林的生态功能及其完整整性。 

景观的价值,并以此来保持持森林的生态功能及其完整整性。 

6.1. Assessment of environmental impacts shall be completed - appropriate to the scale, 

intensity of forest management operations and the uniqueness of the affected resources - 

and adequately integrated into management systems. Assessments shall include 

landscape level considerations as well as the impacts of on-site processing facilities. 

Environmental impacts shall be assessed prior to commencement of site disturbing 

operations. 

标准标准 6.1 应当完成环境影响评估,评估应当与森林经营的规模、强度及受其影响的资源的独特性相适 

应,并应充分结合在森林经营体系中。评估应包括括景观水平上的考虑以及就地加工设施施的影 

响,应当在开展对林区有影响的活动之前进行环境影响评估。 

6.1.1 A system assessing environmental 

impacts appropriate to the scale and 

intensity of forest management, and the 

uniqueness of the affected resources is 

being implemented (e.g. periodic survey of 

flora and fauna, assessment of soil erosion 

habitat fragmentation, pesticide, lubricant, 

nutrient or fertiliser pollution (by runoff, spray 

drift or spillage) and sedimentation of 

watercourses or water bodies; changes to 

water flow and drainage regimes of 

watercourses, waterbodies, visual changes 

to prominent landscapes). 

根据据森林经营的规模和密度及受影响资 

源的独特性进行环境影响评估, (如:周 

期调查动植物,评估水土流失和污染风 

险,栖息地条块化,杀虫剂、润滑剂、养 

分或肥料料污染(通过径流、喷洒或溢出) 

以及河道或水体沉降;水流以及河道排灌 

方方式的改变,水体,突出的景观在视觉上 

的改变)。 



6.1.2 If habitats/biotopes of rare or 

endangered species have been identified 

within the harvesting site, the results must 

be considered in the harvesting/felling plan 

如果证实采伐区内有珍惜惜物种的栖息 

地,则必须在采伐计划中予以考虑; 

6.1.3 The results of these assessments are 

taken into account in the planning process 

and the adjustment shall be made to reduce 

the negative impact. 

评估结果在计划制定中得到体现并为减 

少负面影响而对原方方案进行调整整。 

6.1.4 Applicable to SLIMF only (do not 

consider previous indicators) prior starting 

any operation, potential negative impact on 

environment are identified and operation is 

implemented in order to minimize them. 

Impact studies do not need to be 

documented unless legally required. 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(不考虑 

前面的指指标)在开始任何作业之前,识 

别对环境的潜在负面影响和实施施作业以 

致力于减少这些影响。除非法律规定, 

影响研究不需要记录。 

6.2. Safeguards shall exist which protect rare, threatened and endangered species and their 

habitats (e.g. nesting and feeding areas). Conservation zones and protection areas shall 

be established, appropriate to the scale and intensity of forest management and the 

uniqueness of the affected resources. Inappropriate hunting, fishing, trapping and 

collecting shall be controlled. 

标准标准 6.2 要有保护珍稀、受威胁和濒危物种及其栖息地(例如筑巢区和进食地)的措施施。应建立与森 

林经营范围和强度及所需保护资源的独特性相适应的保护区,并限制不适宜的狩猎、钓鱼、诱捕捕及采 

集活动。 

6.2.1 Rare, endangered or threatened 

species and their habitats (e.g. nesting and 

feeding areas) are documented, monitored, 

protected and recognized in all management 

activities (incl. hunting and fishing) on the 

basis of the best available information. (An 

internet link to a list of endangered and 

threatened species in China is attached in 

Annex1). 

对稀有、濒危或受威胁的物种及其栖息 

地(如筑巢和取食地)在所有森林经营 

活动(包括括打猎和捕捕鱼)中,记录、监 

测、保护并识别。(中国濒危和受威胁物 

种名录的互联网连接见附件 1) 



6.2.2 Conservation areas are established. 

Migration of wild fauna has been taken into 

account in the planning of these areas. 

建立保护区,并在保护区计划中考虑 

野生动物的迁徙。 

6.2.3 Conservation zones, protection areas 

and wildlife corridors are established and 

demarcated on maps, appropriate to the 

scale and intensity of forest management 

and the uniqueness of the affected 

resources. 

根据据森林经营的规模和密度及受影响资 

源的独特性,建立恢复区、保护区及野 

生动物走廊并在地图上标出。 

6.2.4 Procedures to control inappropriate 

hunting, fishing, trapping and collecting are 

in place. 

具备对于非法捕捕猎、渔业、诱捕捕及采集 

活动的控制程序; 

6.2.5 Forestry staff cooperates with 

environmental organizations as appropriate. 

林业从业人员应和环境组织进行适当的 

合作。 

6.2.6 Employees and contractors are taught 

about the existence and recognition of rare 

and endangered species. 

雇员和承包人受到关于珍稀、受威胁和濒 

危物种的存在和识别的教育。 

6.2.7 Special biotopes of indigenous fauna 

are known, demarcated on maps and 

appropriate protection and management 

activities are prescribed. 

调查并在地图上标出当地动物特殊种群 

的位置,并实施施相应的保护和管理活 

动; 

6.2.8 Wildlife management recognizes valid 

laws, regulations and tradition. 

野生动植物管理应遵守相关法律法规及 

传统; 

6.2.9 authorised hunting, fishing and 

collecting activities are managed to ensure 

they do not exceed sustainable levels and 

inappropriate activities prevented. 

管理许可的狩猎、钓鱼和采集活动以确 

保不超超过可持持续的水平并阻止不适当的 

活动。 




consider 6.2.1 to 6.2.5 indicators) Available 

information on rare, threatened and 

endangered species and their habitat are 

used in order to protect them. 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(不考虑 

指指标 6.2.1 到 6.2.5)使用关于珍惜惜、受威 

胁和濒危物种及其栖息地的可用信息以 

保护他们。 

6.3. Ecological functions and values shall be maintained intact, enhanced, or restored, 

including: 

• Forest regeneration and succession. 

• Genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. 

• Natural cycles that affect the productivity of the forest ecosystem. 

标准标准 6.3 应保持持、提高或恢复生态功能及其价值,包括括: 

a) 森林更新新与演替; 

b) 基因、物种及生态系统的多样性; 

c) 影响森林生态系统生产力的自然循环。 

6.3.1 Information describing the ecological 

functions and their present condition in the 

sphere of action of the applicant and/or 

adjacent areas is available. 

在申请人的作业范围和比邻地区内有可以 

描述生态功能和他们目前状况的信息。 

6.3.2 The following afforestation measures 

should be adopted to promote the 

diversification of standing forest and 

strengthen its stability: 

1. Encourage using diversified seeds of 

different types of trees to establish mixed 

forests. 

2. Encourage afforestation of different 

generations or at different time horizons. 

通过以下造林措施施促进林木多样性和稳 

定性; 

1、鼓励使用不同种类的树种营造混交 

林; 

2、鼓励在不同的时时段进行造林活动; 

6.3.3 Standing and fallen dead wood 

habitats shall be retained, based on local 

best management practice or documented 

research. 

应根据据当地最佳经营作业或文文献研究,保 

留枯立木和倒木的生境。 



6.3.4 Areas of high ecological functions or 

values are monitored and negative changes 

are corrected. 

对于生态功能和价值高的地区进行监测 

并改正其消极变化; 

6.3.5 Areas with degradation in ecological 

functions and values are known and 

mapped. 

对于生态功能和价值退化的地区进行勘 

查并在地图上标出; 

6.3.6 The design and layout of afforestation 

is conducive to maintaining and improving 

the value and special feature of the nature 

outlook and the surrounding landscapes. 

造林设计和规划应有助于维持持和促进自 

然景观和其周围的风景的价值和特殊特 

色; 

6.3.7 The transformation of forest of the 

same age to forests of different ages should 

be encouraged and the development of a 

diversified ecological environment should be 

established. 

鼓励把把树龄相同的森林转化为树龄不同 

的森林并建立多样化的生态环境; 

6.3.8 The overall afforestation design of the 

key national forestry development programs 

shall be consistent with the requirements of 

overall Plans for Afforestation. 

主要国家级林业项目的营林设计应和营 

林总目标的要求相适应; 

6.3.9 In natural and semi-natural forest, 

natural regeneration is preferred where 

adequate for the meeting of management 

objectives; where artificial regeneration is 

planned, environmental impact has been 

assessed. 

如能完全实现经营目标,在天然和半天然 

林中最好采用天然更新新;如已规划了人工 

更新新,则已对环境影响进行评估 

(6.1.1)。 

6.3.10 Native species are preferred in 

afforestation. Selection of species for 

afforestation shall be consistent with the 

management goal and the principle of 

planting trees in their ideal environment. 

有先选用当地树种造林。树种的选择择应与经 

营目标一致,并且符合适地适树的原则。 



6.3.11 Forest management takes 

appropriate measures to restore ecologically 

degraded sites. 

森林经营单位通过适当的措施施恢复生态 

退化的地区; 

6.3.12 The silvicultural system applied is 

adapted to the natural dynamics of the forest 

ecosystem 

造林系统应和森林生态系统相一致; 

6.3.13 Management prescriptions maintain, 

enhance or restore forest composition (i.e. 

species numbers and biodiversity) and 

structure 

森林经营鼓励涵养、推进和恢复了森林 

成分和结构(如树种数量和多样性)。 

6.3.14 Restored areas are monitored and 

negative changes are corrected. 

对恢复地区进行监测并改正消极变化; 

6.4. Representative samples of existing ecosystems within landscapes shall be protected in 

their natural state and recorded on maps, appropriate to the scale of operations and the 

uniqueness of the resource. 

标准标准 6.4 应保护景观范围内现有的、具有代表性的生态系统样地的自然状态,并将其标记在地图 

上,典型样地应与森林经营活动的规模和强度以及受影响资源的独特性相适应。 

6.4.1 The ecosystems occurring within the 

company and their significance in local, 

national and global context is identified. 

鉴定了公司经营范围内的生态系统及其在 

当地、国家和世界的重要意意义。 

6.4.2 Representative areas of all existing 

ecosystems which have retained their 

ecological characteristics/value are identified 

in consultation with acknowledged experts, 

conservation organisations and regulatory 

authorities; these areas are demarcated on 

maps, and, where necessary, on the ground 

与公认的专家、保护组织和管理部门咨询 

后认定了保留生态特点/价值的现有全部生 

态系统的代表性区域;这些区域在地图 

上,并且有必要的话在地面上划出界限 


consider previous indicators) where 

representative sample of ecosystems 

present in the FMU are protected. 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(不考虑前 

面的指指标)保护现在的森林经营单位中有 

态系统的代表性区域。 



6.5. Written guidelines shall be prepared and implemented to: control erosion; minimise 

forest damage during harvesting, road construction, and all other mechanical 

disturbances; and protect water resources. 

标准标准 6.5 应编制并实施施书面指指南,以控制侵蚀,最大限度地减少采伐、道路路建设及所有其它机械干 

扰活动对森林的破坏,以及保护水资源。 

6.5.1 Appropriate local guidelines on 

harvesting and road construction are 

available. 

关于采伐和修路路的规定在本地适用; 

6.5.2 Local guidelines on harvesting and 

road construction consider recognized 

international guidelines, like e.g. FAO Model 

Code of Forest Harvesting Practice. 

关于采伐和修路路的规定参考了相关国际 

规定, 如:联合国粮农组织森林采伐模 

范; 

6.5.3 Areas susceptible to erosion and water 

resources are demarcated on maps that are 

part of the management plan or other 

connected guidelines. 

在地图上标出容易易产生水土流失的地区 

和水源区,在经营方方案和其他相关规定 

里应明明确这种做法的必要性 

6.5.4 Forest fire monitoring systems and fire 

control measures shall be established on the 

basis of the “Regulations of People’s 

Republic of China on Forest Fire Control.” 

以森林火灾控制法案为基础,建立森林 

火灾监测系统和控制措施施; 

6.5.5 Areas, where there is a higher fire risk 

shall be identified and allocated a danger 

rating. 

火险高的地区应进行识别并确定火险等 

级。 

6.5.6 Statistics of the forest fires shall be 

maintained. 

维持持森林火灾的统计 

6.5.7 Road construction does not incur 

unnecessary erosion. Road surfaces are 

well drained, culverts are large enough to 

avoid ponding, and water bars are installed 

and effective 

修路路没有导致水土流失。路路面易易于排 

水,路路边的排水沟有足足够大的空间能够 

避免产生积水,安装了水管且效果显显著 

6.5.8 Buffer zones along streams and water 

courses are maintained and demarcated on 

maps. 

保护河溪边的缓冲区并在地图上标出 


6.5.9 Measures to avoid pollution of water 

courses are in place. 

实施施了防治水体污染的措施施 


6.5.10 Existing permanent sample plots are 

not affected by harvesting. 

现存的永久样地没有受到采伐的影响 

6.5.11 No pollution of adjacent waters with 

increased amounts of sediments is caused 

by the logging operations. 

相关运输作业没有产生附近水体的污染 

和沉淀物的增加 

6.5.12 Environmentally friendly lubricants 

and fuel are used with preference. 

优先使用对环境无无害的润滑剂和燃料料 

6.5.13 Fuel and oil residues are disposed of 

properly. 

所有的燃料料燃油残渣都被处理了 

6.5.14 Forest felling and regeneration shall 

follow the requirement of New Measures on 

Forest Felling and relevant national rules. 

Measures shall be taken to reduce 

degrading of timber in the process of forest 

felling and production. 

森林采伐和更新新应遵守《森林采伐管理办 

法》和国家有关条例的要求。在森林采伐和 

生产过程中,应当采取相应措施施,以避免木 

材等级下降。 

6.6. Management systems shall promote the development and adoption of environmentally 

friendly non-chemical methods of pest management and strive to avoid the use of 

chemical pesticides. World Health Organisation Type 1A and 1B chlorinated hydrocarbon 

pesticides; pesticides that are persistent, toxic or whose derivatives remain biologically 

active and accumulate in the food chain beyond their intended use; as well as any 

pesticides banned by international agreement, shall be prohibited. If chemicals are used, 

proper equipment and training shall be provided to minimise health and environmental 

risks. 

标准标准 6.6 森林经营体系应促进开发和采用有利于环境的非化学方方法进行病虫害治理,尽量避免使用化 

学杀虫剂。禁止使用世界卫生组织 1A、1B 类清单中所列的物质及碳氢氯化物杀虫剂,禁止使用长 

效、有毒及衍生物具有生物活性和在食物链中积累的杀虫剂,以及国际公约禁止使用的杀虫剂。如 

果使用化学品,应提供适当的设备和培训,最大限度地减少健康及环境风险。 

6.6.1 Unless with a previous derogation by 

the FSC, there is no forbidden chemical 

products used as described by the FSC 

(FSC-POL-30-001 and FSC-GUI-30-001). 

And there is an up-dated list of chemicals 

used within the forest management unit. 

经 FSC 已正式批批准的废除条款除外,没有使 

用 FSC (FSC-POL-30-001 and FSC-GUI-30- 

001)描述的禁用化学物品。有在森林经营单 

位里使用的化学品的最新新清单。 



6.6.2 If chemicals are used, proper 

equipment for the application is in place and 

staff are trained appropriately. 

如果使用了化学药品,应配置相关的装 

置,且员工应受到适当的训练。 

6.6.3 Organic fertilizer and biological 

fertilizer shall be used to enhance soil fertility 

and the use of chemical fertilizer shall be 

minimized. 

为了提高土壤肥力,应当使用有机肥料料和 

生物肥料料,尽量少用化肥。 

6.6.4 all transport, storage, handling, 

application and emergency procedures for 

clean up following accidental spillages of 

chemical pesticides comply, as a minimum, 

with the ILO publications ‘Safety & Health in 

the Use of Agrochemicals: A Guide’, and 

‘Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work’ 

化学杀虫剂的运输、储存、处理、使用以 

及事故性溢出后清除的紧急程序至少应符 

合国际劳工组织发布的“ 农业化学品使用 

安全与健康指指导” ,以及“ 工作中使用化 

学品的安全” 

6.6.5 Application of chemicals considers 

appropriate weather conditions and 

protection zones (e.g. watercourses, 

reservoirs). 

化学物质的使用应充分顾虑到天气状况 

和保护区(如:水体、水库) 

6.7. Chemicals, containers, liquid and solid non-organic wastes including fuel and oil shall be 

disposed in an environmentally appropriate manner at off-site locations. 

标准标准 6.7 任何化学品、容器、液体和无无机固体废物(包括括燃料料和油料料)都应在森林以外地区采用符 

合环境要求的方方法进行处理。 

6.7.1 Guidelines describing the use and 

disposal of chemicals, containers, liquid and 

solid non-organic waste exist. 

操作规范清晰的规定了化学药品、容 

器、液体和固体无无机垃圾的使用和处理 

6.7.2 A staff member holds responsibility for 

the environmentally appropriate disposal of 

waste. It is not acceptable to burn plastics. 

有专人负责对环境无无害的垃圾处理。不 

允许燃烧塑料料。 

6.7.3 The guidelines are known and being 

adhered to. 

了解并坚持持操作规范。 

6.7.4 Environmentally friendly lubricants and 

fuel are used with preference. 

优先使用环境友好型的润滑剂和燃料料。 


6.7.5 Soils and water are being protected 

from pollution. 

保护土壤和水源不受污染。 

6.7.6 On-site collecting equipments are 

available. 

有现场回收设备。 


6.8. Use of biological control agents shall be documented, minimised, monitored and strictly 

controlled in accordance with national laws and internationally accepted scientific 

protocols. Use of genetically modified organisms shall be prohibited. 

标准标准 6.8 应依据据国家法律和国际认可的科学议定书,对生物控制剂的应用作记载,限制到最低量, 

并监督和严格控制其使用,禁止使用经过基因改性的生物。 

6.8.1 A policy or strategy to minimise the 

use of biological control agents exists. 

尽量避免使用生物技术的政策和战略存 

在。 

6.8.2 All cases where biological control 

agents are used shall be documented and 

monitored. 

如使用了生物技术,应对其进行记录和 

监测。 

6.8.3 No genetically modified organisms 

including planting material and biological 

control agents are used. 

经营单位没有使用过基因重组生物 

6.8.4 There is no evidence of any deviation 

from national laws or accepted scientific 

protocols. 

没有任何违反国家法律和社会认可的科 

技协议。 

6.9. The use of exotic species shall be controlled and actively monitored to avoid adverse 

ecological impacts 

标准标准 6.9 谨慎慎控制并主动监测外来物种的使用,避免引起起不良的生态影响。 

6.9.1 The use of exotic species has to be 

justified in every single case and a list of 

these species is available. 

控制每一例外来物种的使用,并存有名 

录。 

6.9.2 Exotic species used on a commercial 

scale should have no demonstrated adverse 

environmental effects or adverse impacts on 

the surrounding landscape and the natural 

species composition. 

引进的物种确保不会对环境和生物多样 

性造成破坏。 

6.9.3 Unwanted regeneration of exotic 

species is monitored, and if necessary 

controlled. 

不受欢迎的外来物种更新新应受到监测, 

并对其进行控制,如果需要。 


6.9.4 The use of exotic species should be 

actively monitored to avoid adverse 

ecological impacts. 


认真监测外来物种的使用,避免产生不 

良生态影响。 

6.10. Forest conversion to plantations or non-forest land uses shall not occur, except in 

circumstances where conversion: 

a) entails a very limited portion of the forest management unit; and 

b) does not occur on high conservation value forest areas; and 

c) will enable clear, substantial, additional, secure, long-term conservation benefits across 

the forest management unit. 

标准标准 6.10 除以下情情况外,应避免使森林变为人工林或非林用地: 

a) 仅涉及到森林经营单位中很小的部分; 

b) 不发生在高保护价值林区; 

c) 能保证在整整个森林经营单位中产生明明显显的、重大的、额外的、可靠的和长期的保护效益。 

6.10.1 Comprehensive reasons for the 

conversion have to be given in every single 

case. 

任何转换换都应给出其综合原因。 

6.10.2 The forests conversion, if any, is 

limited to small areas (the dimensions are 

approved by the stake holders). These 

changes are documented. 

如果有森林转换换仅限于很小的区域(面 

积要经利益相关方方批批准)。这些变化必 

须记载。 

6.10.3 The conversion does not occur on 

high conversion value forest areas. 

转换换不能发生在高保护价值林区。 

6.10.4 Clear felling and replanting of a 

natural or semi-natural forest with a mixture 

native species in the absence of satisfactory 

natural regeneration is not considered forest 

conversion to plantation. Clear felling and 

replanting of a natural or semi-natural forest 

with an exotic species is considered 

conversion. 

天然或半天然林的皆伐并混植以乡土树种 

但未达到最佳天然更新新效果的不应视为森 

林转变为人工林。天然或半天然林的皆伐 

或者混植以外来树种应视为转变。 



7. MANAGEMENT PLAN - A management plan - appropriate to the scale and intensity of the 

operations - shall be written, implemented, and kept up to date. The long-term objectives 

of management, and the means of achieving them, shall be clearly stated. 

原则原则 7:经营规划 

:经营规划 

应当制定和执行与森林经营规模和强度相适应的森林经营规划,并随时时进行修改。应清楚 

地阐述经营的长期目标以及实现这些目标的手段。 

7.1 The management plan and supporting documents shall provide: 

a) Management objectives. 

b) Description of the forest resources to be managed, environmental limitations, land use 

and ownership status, socio-economic conditions, and a profile of adjacent lands. 

c) Description of silvicultural and/or other management system, based on the ecology of 

the forest in question and information gathered through resource inventories. 

d) Rationale for rate of annual harvest and species selection. 

e) Provisions for monitoring of forest growth and dynamics. 

f) Environmental safeguards based on environmental assessments. 

g) Plans for the identification and protection of rare, threatened and endangered species. 

h) Maps describing the forest resource base including protected areas, planned 

management activities and land ownership. 

i) Description and justification of harvesting techniques and equipment to be used. 

标准标准 7.1 经营规划及其相关文文件应包括括: 

a) 经营目的。 

b) 说明明经营的森林资源、环境限制因素、土地利用及所有权状况、社会经济条件,以及临近土地 

的概况。 

c) 根据据所涉及的森林的生态条件以及通过资源调查得到的信息,说明明营林和/或其它经营体制。 

d) 年采伐率及树种选择择的理由。 

e) 监测森林生长及动态的措施施。 

f) 建立在环境评估基础上的环境保护措施施。 

g) 确认保护珍稀、受威胁及濒危物种的计划。 

h) 描述保护区、规划的经营活动及土地所有权等森林资源基本信息的图集。 

i) 说明明使用的采伐技术和设备,以及使用的理由。 

7.1.1 The management plan gives 

information on the management 

objectives. 

森林经营方方案给出了经营目标 

7.1.2 The management plan gives a 

description of the forest resources to be 

managed, environmental limitations, land 

use and ownership status, socioeconomic 

conditions, and a profile of 

adjacent lands. 

森林经营方方案解释了森林资源管理、 

环境限制、土地使用和所有权、社会 

经济状况、周围地区地形的情情况。 



description of silvicultural and/or other 

management systems, based on the 

ecology of the forest in question and 

information gathered through resource 

inventories. 

以被讨论的森林生态学和森林资源调 

查得到的信息为基础,森林经营方方案 

描述了造林和其他经营体系。 


rationale for rate of annual harvest and 

species selection. 

森林经营方方案解释了年采伐率和树种 

选择择的关系。 


provisions for monitoring of forest growth 

and dynamics. 

森林经营方方案规定了森林生长和森林 

动态的监测。 


environmental safeguards based on 

environmental assessments. 

森林经营方方案根据据环境评估规定了安 

全措施施。 

7.1.7 Plans for the identification and 

protection of rare, threatened and 

endangered species. 

森林经营方方案有对珍稀物种的鉴定和 

保护的计划。 

7.1.8 Maps describing the forest 

resource base including protected areas, 

planned management activities and land 

ownership. 

地图上显显示了森林资源内容,包括括保 

护区、计划经营活动和土地所有权。 

7.1.9 Description and justification of 

harvesting techniques and equipment to 

be used. 

对采伐技术和装置进行描述和论证。 



7.1.10 Applicable to SLIMF only (do 

not consider previous indicators) There is 

a management plan (or synthetic 

document, appendices, or reference 

documents) comprising: 

a) a description of the management 

objectives and duration, 

b) a description of the forest, 

c) maps of forest resources, protected 

areas, planned conservation 

activities and land ownership, 

d) sustainable rate of harvest and 

collected species justification, 

e) measures for conservation sensitive 

species and any high conservation 

values, 

f) considerations of environmental 

and social impact of the 

management operations. 


仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(不 

考虑前面的指指标)有一个经营规划 

( 或综合文文件 , 附件 , 或参考文文 

件)包含: 

1、管理目标和周期的描述; 

2、森林的描述; 

3、森林资源,保护区域,计划 

保护活动和土地所有权的地 

图; 

4、可持持续采伐率和选择择采伐树 

种的理由; 

5、保护稀有树种和高保护价值 

的措施施; 

6、考虑经营活动的社会和环境 

影响。 

7.1.11 Responsibilities regarding forest 

management (inventories realization, 

management plan realization and 

application, harvesting planification, 

worker management, forest management 

monitoring, etc) are defined and are 

allocated to competent staff or subcontractor 

确定了森林管理的职责(资源清查,经营 

方方案的编制和应用,采伐计划和工人的管 

理,森林管理的监控等)并分配给有能力 

的人员和分包商。 



7.2 The management plan shall be periodically revised to incorporate the results of monitoring 

or new scientific and technical information, as well as to respond to changing environmental, 

social and economic considerations. 

标准标准 7.2 结合监测结果或新新的科技信息,以及变化的环境、社会和经济状况,定期修正森林经营规划 

7.2.1 The management plan has been 

worked out by the qualified forestry 

design unit based on the forest inventory 

and has come into force after the 

approval of the forest authorities. 

森林经营方方案有合格的林业设计单位 

根据据森林资源调查情情况完成,并在通 

过上级部门批批准后开始生效。 

7.2.2 There is a procedure in place for 

the regular revision and updating of the 

management plan. 

有森林经营方方案定期修订和更新新的程 

序。 

7.2.3 In the revision of the management 

plan relevant opinions of research 

institutes, environmental and social nongovernment 

organisations are 

considered. 

森林经营方方案修订时时考虑了相关研究 

院、环保和社会非政府组织的意意见。 

7.2.4 There is evidence, that changing 

environmental, social and economic 

considerations have been included in the 

revision of the management plan. 

有资料料证明明森林经营方方案修订时时考虑 

了变化了的环境、社会和经济因数。 

7.2.5 A method to evaluate new scientific 

and technical developments for the 

inclusion into the revised management 

plan is in place. 

有相关的措施施来评估新新的科技发展对 

森林经营方方案修订的影响。 


consider previous indicators) the 

management plan is updated every five 

years by possible new data resulting 

from reviews, monitoring, new 

developments. 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(不考 

虑前面的指指标)经营管理计划通过可 

能的从评审、监测、新新的发展来的新新 

的数据据五年更新新一次。 

7.3 Forest workers shall receive adequate training and supervision to ensure proper 

implementation of the management plan. 

标准标准标准 7.3 应对林业工人进行必要的培训和指指导,确保他们正确实施施森林经营规划。 


7.3.1 The responsibilities concerning 

training are defined and assigned 

specifically. 

明明确了关于培训的责任并具体安排。 

7.3.2 Forest workers at all levels 

(including subcontractors) received an 

adequate training (including health and 

safety at work, and forest and 

environmental aspects) in order to permit 

an efficient implementation of the 

management plan. 

为了使经营管理计划有效实施施性,所 

有水平的林业工人(包括括分包方方)获 

得充足足的培训(包括括健康,工作安 

全,森林和环境方方面)。 

7.3.3 all activities are supervised and 

monitored sufficiently to ensure that 

plans, policies, procedures and contract 

specifications (for contractors) are 

adequately implemented. 

所有活动受到了必要的监督以确保计 

划、政策、程序与(与承包商的)合同 

规定得到了必要的实施施。 

7.3.4 Forest workers are aware of the 

objectives of forest management. 

林业工人了解森林经营的目标。 

7.3.5 The work of the forest workers is 

checked at appropriate intervals by the 

forest manager. 

林业局对林业工人的工作定期进行检 

查。 

7.3.6 For SLIMF, consider only the 

indicator 7.3.2 

于小型或低密度森林仅仅参考7.3.2的 

指指标。 


7.4 While respecting the confidentiality of information, forest managers shall make publicly 

available a summary of the primary elements of the management plan, including those listed in 

Criterion 7.1 above. 

标准标准标准 7.4 在尊重信息保密的同时时,森林经营者要向公众提供森林经营规划基本内容的要点,包括括标准 

7.1 列出的内容。 

7.4.1 A public up-to-date written 

document summarising all relevant 

information on the primary elements of 

the management plan can be made 

available. 

森林经营单位向外界公布了营林规划 

概要。 


7.4.2 A procedure on how to handle 

public requests for information on the 

forest management is in place. 

建立了处理公众对营林规划意意见的处 

理程序。 


consider previous indicator) upon welljustified 

request from stakeholders, the 

FME makes available relevant parts of 



虑前面的指指标)根据据利益相关者的合 

理的请求,森林经营单位完成经营管 

理计划有用的相关部分。 


8. MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT - Monitoring shall be conducted - appropriate to the 

scale and intensity of forest management - to assess the condition of the forest, yields of 

forest products, chain of custody, management activities and their social and 

environmental impacts. 

原则原则 8:监测与评估 

:监测与评估 

应按按照森林经营的规模和强度进行监测,以评估森林状况、林产品产量、产销监管链、经营活 

应按按照森林经营的规模和强度进行监测,以评估森林状况、林产品产量、产销监管链、经营活 

动及其社会与环境影响。 



8.1. The scale and intensity of forest management operations as well as the relative 

complexity and fragility of the affected environment should determine the frequency and 

intensity of monitoring. Monitoring procedures should be consistent and replicable over 

time to allow comparison of results and assessments of change. 

标准标准 8.1 应根据据森林经营活动的规模和强度,以及受影响环境的相对复杂性及脆弱性,来确定监测 

的频率和强度。监测程序应是是不间断断的并能重复,以便监测结果具有可比性,以评估变化情情 

况。 

8.1.1 An appropriate monitoring 

procedure is documented and 

implemented. 

纪录并实施施了适合的监测程序。 

8.1.2 There is evidence that the 

compared results of different monitoring 

aspects are used to improve or correct 

measures in forest management. 

有文文件表明明不同监测内容的对比结果 

改进或改正了营林措施施。 


8.1.3 Monitoring reports indicate how 

management prescriptions should be 

changed, based on new ecological, 

silvicultural, or market information. 

以新新的生态、造林和市场信息为基 

础,监测报告指指出了营林规划应该改 

变的地方方。 

8.1.4 Trained staff members have been 

assigned to implement the monitoring 

procedures. 

指指派受过良好训练的职工来实施施监测 

程序。 


consider previous indicator) Regular and 

consistent monitoring are implemented in 

connection with harvesting operations 

and reforestation. 


虑前面的指指标)实施施与森林采伐及造 

林活动相联系的定期的和一致的监测 

活动。 


8.2. Forest management should include the research and data collection needed to monitor, 

at a minimum, the following indicators: 

• yield of all forest products harvested; 

• growth rates, regeneration and condition of the forest; 

• composition and observed changes in the flora and fauna; 

• environmental and social impacts of harvesting and other operations; 

• costs, productivity, and efficiency of forest management. 

标准标准 8.2 森林经营应包括括监测所需要的科学研究及数据据采集,至少要有以下这些指指标: 

a) 能收获的所有林产品的产量。 

b) 生长率、更新新率及森林状况。 

c) 动植物区系的组成及观察到的变化。 

d) 采伐及其它活动的环境与社会影响。 

e) 森林经营的成本、生产率及效率。 

8.2.1 Yields of all forest products 

harvested are recorded. 

记录了所有林产品的产量。 

8.2.2 Information on growth rates, forest 

health, regeneration and condition of the 

forest is available. 

有森林的生长率、森林健康、更新新和 

森林生境的相关信息。 


8.2.3 Composition and changes (also in 

terms of genetic and diversification) in 

flora, fauna, soil and water ressources 

are monitored. 

动物、植物、土壤和水源的组成和变 

化(或起起源和多样性)得到了监测。 

8.2.4 Monitoring programmes are 

documented and implemented to 

evaluate the environmental (impacts 

caused by logging and collecting non 

timber forest products) and social 

impacts (management costs, yields of all 

products, and changes in community and 

worker relations or conditions) of 

harvesting and other operations. 

监测程序记录和评估了采伐和其他活 

动对环境的影响(由集材和非木质林 

产品采集引起起)和对社会的影响(经 

营成本、产品产量、社区变化、职工 

关系和现状)。 

8.2.5 Costs of all forest management 

activities are recorded and evaluated to 

judge productivity and efficiency of forest 

management. 

纪录并评估了营林活动的支出以判定 

森林经营的生产力和效率。 

8.2.6 Forest management actively 

supports forestry or related research 

activities on their territory. 

森林经营在其范围内积极支持持林业及 

相关科研活动。 

8.2.7 Applicable to SLIMF only 

consider only indicators from 8.2.1 to 

8.2.3. 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(仅参 

考指指标 8.2.1 到 8.2.3) 


8.3. Documentation shall be provided by the forest manager to enable monitoring and 

certifying organisations to trace each forest product from its origin, a process known as 

the “chain of custody.” 

标准标准 8.3 森林经营者应提供文文件,使监测机构和认证机构能追踪踪到每一种林产品的源头,这个过程 

就是是所谓的“ 产销监管链” 。 


to identify all products leaving the forest 

operation. This procedure should be 

sufficient to also trace a product back to 

its origin. 

有记录在案的相关程序来鉴别所有的 

单位出产的林产品,并保证能追踪踪到 

每一种林产品的源头。 


8.3.2 All products sold by the forest 

operation as certified are recorded with: 

product type, quantity or volume, date, 

FSC license number, customer, and 

information on forest gate. This is backed 

up by evidence in the bookkeeping 

system (invoices, bills of lading, orders 

etc.) 

所有被当作认证后出售的产品应记录 

以下信息:产品类型、林木总量、日日 

期、FSC 许可证号码、顾客和森林检 

查站信息。这也应当在簿记系统中进 

行记录(发票、装卸提单、订单 

等)。 

8.3.3 Certified forest products will clearly 

be distinguished from non-certified 

products through marks or labels for 

tracking and tracing back to their origins. 

因为能通过标志或标签来追踪踪到每一 

种林产品的源头,认证后的林产品应 

明明显显区别未参加认证的产品。 

8.3.4 When an individual identification 

of timber does not exist, the woods 

coming from the audited forester entity 

are stored separately from woods from 

neighbouring forest. 

当木料料的个体识别不存在时时,从认证 

的森林主体中来的木材和临近森林的 

木材分开存放。 

8.3.5 Records are kept of the total 

quantities of all products sold, as well as 

of quantities sold to any chain-of-custody 

certificate holders. 

所有售出产品的全部数量,以及卖给任 

何产销监管链证书持持有者的数量应存有 

记录。 

8.3.6 The manager has trained all 

relevant personnel and sub-contractors, 

to respect the segregation or 

identification procedures previously 

defined. 

森林经营者培训了相关人员和分包 

方方,尊重以前定义的隔离和识别程 

序。 



8.3.7 Applicable to SLIMF only Sales 

invoices or other shipping documents 

concerning certified products shall 

indicate the entity’s certificate number in 

the correct format (e.g. BV-FM/COC- 

XXXX). 

仅仅适用于小型或低密度森林(仅考 

虑指指标8.3.9)关于认证产品的销售发 

票或其他装船文文件应该用正确的格式 


指指出实体的证书号码(如BV-FM/COC- 

XXXX). 

8.4. The results of monitoring shall be incorporated into the implementation and revision of 


标准标准 8.4 应当在森林经营规划的实施施和修订中体现监测的结果。 


on how to incorporate monitoring results 

into the implementation and revision of 


经营单位应制订将监测结果纳入到营 

林规划实施施和修订中的程序并记录在 

案。 

8.4.2 Monitoring results are analysed 

and prepared for further consideration. 

对监测结果进行分析,并据据此对将来 

情情况进行考虑。 


consider previous indicator) the results of 

monitoring are incorporated into the 

management plans reviews. 


虑前面的指指标)把把监测结果纳入经营 

规划评审。 

8.5. While respecting the confidentiality of information, forest managers shall make publicly 

available a summary of the results of monitoring indicators, including those listed in 

Criterion 8.2. 

标准标准标准 8.5 在尊重信息保密的同时时,森林经营者要向公众提供监测指指标结果的概括括性总结,包括括标准 

8.2 列出的内容。 

8.5.1 A public up-to-date written 

document summarising all relevant 

information on the results of monitoring 

can be made available on request. 

森林经营单位应向公众公示森林监测 

结果概要。 

8.5.2 A procedure on how to handle 

public requests for information on 

monitoring results is in place. 

建立了处理公众对森林监测结果意意见 

的处理程序。 



consider previous indicator) see indicator 

7.4.3 


虑前面的指指标)见指指标7.4.3。 


9. MAINTENANCE OF HIGH CONSERVATION VALUE FORESTS Management activities in 

high conservation value forests shall maintain or enhance the attributes, which define 

such forests. Decisions regarding high conservation value forests shall always be 

considered in the context of a precautionary approach. 

原则原则 9:维护高保护价值森林 

:维护高保护价值森林 

在高保护价值的森林中进行经营活动,应维护或加强这些森林的特征,并且始终要以预防的 

在高保护价值的森林中进行经营活动,应维护或加强这些森林的特征,并且始终要以预防的 

方方法,来考虑关于高保护价值森林的各种决策。 

方方法,来考虑关于高保护价值森林的各种决策。 

9.1. Assessment to determine the presence of the attributes consistent with High 

Conservation Value Forests will be completed, appropriate to scale and intensity of forest 

management 

标准标准 9.1 按按照森林经营的规模及强度对确定高保护价值森林的特征表现进行的评估。 

9.1.1 For large forest management units, 

the forest management unit has 

conducted internal assessment to 

determine whether they are managing 

HCVF. If HCVF values are present, a 

written procedure for inventories to 

determine the presence of critical 

biotopes and High Conservation Value 

Forests is in place. 

森林经营单位应对林区潜在的高保护 

价值森林进行评估确认;如果有,出 

示判定重要群落生境和高保存价值森 

林存在的调查过程。 

9.1.2 The manager is familiar with the 

attributes that indicate HCV forests in 

their region. 

经营单位对林区潜在的高保护价值森 

林的特性十分熟悉悉。 

9.1.3 Maps are available that locate HCV 

forests and other protected areas. 

绘制了标明明高保护价值森林和其他保 

护区域的地图。 


9.1.4 For small and medium sized 

operations, consultations have occurred 

with environmental stakeholders, 

government or other scientific authorities 

to determine whether forest areas should 

be considered HCVF. This may occur 

during the actual certification 

assessment. If HCVF values are present 

the forest management unit takes all 

reasonable steps to protect these values. 

营林单位在广泛咨询利益相关者、政 

府和权威科研单位的基础上,根据据经 

营规模和强度对林区潜在的高保护价 

值森林进行评估确认。评估确认也可 

以在认证过程之中进行。当高保护价 

值森林得到确认后,森林经营单位应 

采取适当的措施施来保护这些价值。 


9.2. The consultative portion of the certification process must place emphasis on the 

identified conservation attributes, and options for the maintenance thereof. 

标准标准标准 9.2 认证过程中的咨询部分应把把重点放在确定保护特征及保持持其特征的选择择办法上。 

9.2.1 The manager has determined 

appropriate management prescriptions 

for the HCVF in consultation with (and 

acceptable to) different conservation 

organisations, regulatory authorities and 

other local and national (in some cases 

international) stakeholders. 

森林经营单位在和各个保护组织、权 

威部门和其他当地和国内(或国际) 

利益相关方方进行商讨的基础上制订适 

合的高保护价值森林经营措施施。 

9.2.2 The forest management units have 

documents with the definition of the 

attributes of HCVF. 

森林经营单位具备高保护价值森林特 

性的解释。 

9.2.3 The forest manager is aware of 

important areas of high biodiversity 

within his forest district. 

森林经营单位重视林区内生物多样性 

价值高的地区。 

9.2.4 There are worked out measures for 

the conservation and the protection of 

the present HCVF. 

目前已经制定了关于现存高保护价值 

森林的保护措施施。 



9.3. The management plan shall include and implement specific measures that ensure the 

maintenance and/or enhancement of the applicable conservation attributes consistent 

with the precautionary approach. These measures shall be specifically included in the 

publicly available management plan summary. 

标准标准 9.3 经营规划应包括括并采取与预防措施施一致的,并能保持持和加强相应保护特征的具体措施施并加以 

实施施,在向公众提供的经营规划要点中应特别说明明这些措施施。 

9.3.1 Each one of the High Conservation 

Value Forests attributes in described in 


在经营规划中描述每个高价值保护林 

的特征。 

9.3.2 The plan describes specific 

measures that permit to maintain and 

enhance of the attributes (see also 7.1.). 

规划描述了允许维持持和加强特征的特 

殊措施施。 

9.3.3 A public summary of the 

management plan is available as under 

7.4. 

有公布的营林规划概要(如 7.4)。 

9.4. Annual monitoring shall be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the measures 

employed to maintain or enhance the applicable conservation attributes. 

标准标准 9.4 应当进行年度监测,以评估采取的措施施在保护和加强这些适应性保护特征方方面的效果。 

9.4.1 A written procedure for the annual 

monitoring of conservation attributes is in 

place. 

森林经营单位应对高保护价值森林进 

行年度监测并由文文件记录其相关程 

序。 

9.4.2 A procedure for the evaluation of 

measures (e.g. consultation with 

acknowledged experts, local, national 

and international stakeholders to monitor 

the effectiveness of each measure) 

described in the plan. 

规划中规定了对相关措施施(如:通过 

和权威专家、当地、国内和国际的利 

益相关者进行咨询以监测各项措施施的 

效果)的评估过程。 

9.4.3 Report on annual monitoring is 

available. 

具备年度监测报告 



10. PLANTATIONS - Plantations shall be planned and managed in accordance with Principles 

and Criteria 1 - 9, and Principle 10 and its Criteria. While plantations can provide an array 

of social and economic benefits, and can contribute to satisfying the world’s needs for 

forest products, they should complement the management of, reduce pressures on, and 

promote the restoration and conservation of natural forests. 

原则原则 10:人工林 :人工林 

应按按照原则及标准应按按照原则及标准 1~9 和原则和原则 10 及其标准来规划和经营人工林,人工林可以提供一系列的社会 

及其标准来规划和经营人工林,人工林可以提供一系列的社会 

和经济效益,并有助于满足足全世界对林产品的需求,同时时它对天然林形成一种补充,减轻对天然 

和经济效益,并有助于满足足全世界对林产品的需求,同时时它对天然林形成一种补充,减轻对天然 

林的压力,并促进天然林的恢复和保护。 

林的压力,并促进天然林的恢复和保护。 

10.1. The management objectives of the plantation, including natural forest conversion and 

restoration objectives, shall be explicitly stated in the management plan, and clearly 

demonstrated in the implementation of the plan. 

标准标准 10.1 应在森林经营规划中明明确阐述人工林的经营目的,包括括天然林的保护与恢复目标,并且在 

计划的实施施过程中予以清楚的展示。 

10.1.1 Objectives of plantation 

management are included in the 

management plan, recognizing natural 

forest conservation and restoration. 

营林规划中应包括括营林目标,应明明确 

制定以促进天然林保护和恢复为目标 

的营林措施施。 

10.1.2 Forest management plan includes 

strategies or elements to conserve 

natural forests and to restore degraded 

sites. 

营林规划中应包含保护天然林和退化 

林地的恢复的思想想和条款。 

10.1.3 Clear evidence of the 

implementation of the management plan 

is given. 

有事例表明明经营方方案得到了实施施。 

10.2. The design and layout of plantations should promote the protection, restoration and 

conservation of natural forests, and not increase pressures on natural forests. Wildlife 

corridors, streamside zones and a mosaic of stands of different ages and rotation 

periods shall be used in the layout of the plantation, consistent with the scale of the 

operation. The scale and layout of plantation blocks shall be consistent with the patterns 

of forest stands within the natural landscape. 

标准标准 10.2 人工林的设计与布局应能促进天然林的保护、恢复与保持持,而不是是增加对天然林的压 

力。在人工林布局中,应采用与森林经营活动的规模相适应的野生生物走廊、溪河岸边 

缓冲区及不同林龄和不同轮伐期的林分组合。人工林地块的布局和规模应与自然景观中 

出现的林分类型相一致。 


10.2.1 Protection and production zones 

are demarcated on maps and in planning 

documents. 

在森林分布图上应明明确标出需要保护 

的天然植被区域及用于生产的林区。 

10.2.2 The scale and layout of the 

plantation blocks are in harmony with the 

natural populations, including at the 

landscapes level. 

人工林地块的布局和规模与包括括景观 

水平的天然种群协调一致。 

10.2.3 Design and lay-out of the 

plantation considers areas of natural 

forests, riparian zones, wildlife biotopes 

and corridors. 

营林规划的设计和实施施要考虑天然林 

区域,河岸林区域,野生动植物栖息 

地和廊道。 


10.3. Diversity in the composition of plantations is preferred, so as to enhance economic, 

ecological and social stability. Such diversity may include the size and spatial 

distribution of management units within the landscape, number and genetic composition 

of species, age classes and structures. 

标准标准 10.3 最好在人工林的构成上实行多样化,以增强其经济、生态及社会的稳定性。这种多样性可 

能包括括景观中经营单位的规模和空间分布、物种的数量及遗传成分、龄级及结构。 

10.3.1 Plantation management shall 

maintain and/or enhance landscape 

diversity by varying block size and 

configuration, species, genetic diversity, 

age class and structure. 

人工林经营应通过不同的小班规模和配 

置、不同树种、不同遗传多样性、不同 

龄级和结构来保持持或提高景观的多样 

性。 

10.3.2 For formerly established 

management units which are not as 

diverse as required, a plan for the 

increase of diversity exists. 

对于以前建立的不具有多样性的经营单 

元,应有增加多样性的计划。 



10.4. The selection of species for planting shall be based on their overall suitability for the site 

and their appropriateness to the management objectives. In order to enhance the 

conservation of biological diversity, native species are preferred over exotic species in 

the establishment of plantations and the restoration of degraded ecosystems. Exotic 

species, which shall be used only when their performance is greater than that of native 

species, shall be carefully monitored to detect unusual mortality, disease, or insect 

outbreaks and adverse ecological impacts. 

标准标准 10.4 造林树种的选择择,应基于对立地的适应性及对经营目的的适合性。为了加强对生物多样性 

的保护,在营造人工林和恢复退化的生态系统方方面,应优先考虑使用乡土树种,而不是是外 

来树种。只有当外来树种的表现比乡土树种更好时时才能使用,而且应当对它们进行仔细的 

监测,以发现非正常的死亡率、或病虫害爆发以及不利的生态影响。 

10.4.1 The selection of species is done 

on the basis of tests whose results are 

available and show that these species 

are adapted to the site and correspond to 

the management objectives. 

物种的选择择在有结果的测试基础上完 

成,并且显显示这些物种适合于场所和 

经营目标。 

10.4.2 The reasons for the selection of 

certain species have to be documented. 

If exotic species were chosen, the 

greater performance has to be proven. 

要建立树种选择择原因的资源档案。针 

对已选择择的外来树种必须提供其优良 

特性的证明明。 

10.4.3 A documented monitoring system 

is implemented in order to control any 

uncommon or harmful event ocurring in 

the exotic species plantations. 

为了控制发生在外来物种人工林的任 

何非普通的或有害结果,实施施文文档化 

的监测系统。 

10.5. A proportion of the overall forest management area, appropriate to the scale of the 

plantation and to be determined in regional standards, shall be managed so as to restore 

the site to a natural forest cover. 

标准标准 10.5 要在整整个森林经营范围内保留一定的面积(与造林地的规模相适应,面积的大小可以根据据 

当地标准来确定),以恢复天然林覆被率。 

10.5.1 The area to be restored to a 

natural forest cover is demarcated on 

maps and considered in planning 

documents. 

天然林恢复的林地需要绘制林地分布 

图同时时在规划挡挡案中予以考虑和记 

录。 


10.5.2 The area with natural forest cover 

must have an adequate size to enable 

the fulfilment of its beneficial functions. 

天然林覆盖面积必须达到足足够的规模 

以便实现其有益的功能。 

10.5.3 A documented strategy (as part of 

the management plan) for the area to be 

restored to a natural forest is available 

and being implemented. 

天然林恢复的区域要制定一份可行的 

且即将执行的规划文文件(作为营林规 

划的一部分)。 


not consider previous indicator), 

plantations management objectives and 

activities are implemented in order to 

protect and conserve natural ecosystems 

and ecological values, mainly around 

conservation and protected areas. 


虑前面的指指标)人工林的管理目标和 

经营活动主要为保护和恢复天然林的 

生态系统和价值,主要在保护区附 

近。 


10.6. Measures shall be taken to maintain or improve soil structure, fertility and biological 

activity. The techniques and rate of harvesting, road and trail construction and 

maintenance, and the choice of species shall not result in long term soil degradation or 

adverse impacts on water quality, quantity or substantial deviation from stream course 

drainage patterns 

标准标准 10.6 应采取措施施,保护并改善土壤结构、肥力和生物活动。采伐技术和采伐率、公路路及林区道 

路路的建设和维护以及树种的选择择,从长远上都不应造成土壤退化,或对水质、水量产生不 

利的影响及溪流排水方方式的重大改变。 

10.6.1 A documented procedure to 

monitor the soil and water condition is in 

place based on recognised standards if 

available. 

土壤和水环境的监测程序应基于公认 

的标准。 

10.6.2 The monitoring results are 

considered to determine which actions 

are to be taken to improve or maintain 

soil structure, fertility and biological 

activity. 

监测结果应考虑决定采取那些经营活 

动能维持持并改善土壤结构,增加肥力 

和生物活性。 


10.6.3 Management practices shall not 

cause a reduction in water quantity 

and/or alter drainage patterns. 

经营措施施不应造成水量下降和/或改变 

排水方方式。 


10.7. Measures shall be taken to prevent and minimise outbreaks of pests, diseases, fire and 

invasive plant introductions. Integrated pest management shall form an essential part of 

the management plan, with primary reliance on prevention and biological control 

methods rather than chemical pesticides and fertilisers. Plantation management should 

make every effort to move away from chemical pesticides and fertilisers, including their 

use in nurseries. The use of chemicals is also covered in Criteria 6.6 and 6.7. 

标准 10.7 应采取措施施防止或尽可能减少病虫害和火灾的发生,以及侵入性植物的进入。病虫害综合 

治理应成为经营规划的一个重要部分,主要依靠预防和生物防治措施施,而不是是化学杀虫剂 

和化肥。人工林经营应千方方百计避免使用化学杀虫剂及化肥,包括括不在苗圃中使用。标准 

6.6 及 6.7 也涉及到化学品的使用。 

10.7.1 A documented procedure for 

integrated pest management is being 

implemented 

病虫害综合防治程序制度化并实施施。 

10.7.2 A regular plantation staff are given 

sufficient training to identify health 

problems in the plantations and, where 

appropriate, specialist inspectors are 

used 

人工林长期管护人员得到必要的培训以 

发现人工林的健康问题,必要情情况下使 

用专业检查人员。 

10.7.3 There are documented 

procedures for fire-fighting and 

prevention that include definition of 

responsibilities and reporting lines 

有灭火和防火的程序文文件包括括明明确责任 

和报告。 

10.7.4 A policy to prevent the 

introduction of invasive plants is being 

implemented. 

针对防止引用入侵特性的植物制定一 

项政策并实施施。 

10.7.5 Plants with known invasive 

characteristics are not used. 

禁止引用已证明明有入侵特性的植物。 

10.7.6 A policy to minimise the use of 

chemicals and fertilizers is being 

implemented. 

针对使化学药物和化肥使用最少化制 

定政策并实施施。 


10.7.7 Fertilizers are not used without 

justifying results from soil analyses. 

没有土壤分析结果的情情况下禁止使用 

化肥。 

10.7.8 Recognised procedures for the 

application, storage and disposal of 

chemicals are in place. 

制定合理的使用,储存和处理化学药 

品的程序。 

10.7.9 Chemicals are only used after 

documented consideration of alternative 

non-chemical methods. 

只有在没有可供选择择的无无化学药品方方 

法的情情况下才可以使用化学药品。 


10.8. Appropriate to the scale and diversity of the operation, monitoring of plantations, shall 

include regular assessment of potential on-site and off-site impacts, (e.g. natural 

regeneration, effects on water resources and soil fertility, and impacts on local welfare 

and social well-being), in addition to those elements addressed in principles 8, 6 and 4. 

No species should be planted on a large scale until local trials and/or experience have 

shown that they are ecologically well-adapted to the site, are not invasive, and do not 

have significant negative ecological impacts on other ecosystems. Special attention will 

be paid to social issues of land acquisition for plantations, especially the protection of 

local rights of ownership, use or access. 

标准标准 10.8 为适应森林经营的规模和多样化,除了原则 8、原则 6 和原则 4 中提出的那些要素外,对 

人工林的监测,还应包括括定期评估其内外的潜在生态和社会影响(如天然更新新,对水资源及 

土壤肥力的影响,以及对地方方及社会福利的影响)。除非当地的试验或实践践证明明某一树种在 

生态上很适合这一地区,不具有侵入性,同时时对该地区的其它生态系统没有重大的负面生态 

影响,否则不得大规模种植该树种。要特别重视人工林征地的社会问题,尤其是是对当地人所 

有权、使用权及进入权的保护。 


10.8.1. potential on-site and off-site 

impacts are identified and 

monitored. 

These impacts could include: 

• unwanted natural 

regeneration 

• effects on water resources 

• effects on soil fertility 

• effects on local welfare 

• landscape impacts 


已认定并监测潜在的该点内部和外部 

影响 

这些影响包括括: 

• 对天然林更新新的不利影响 

• 对水资源的影响 

• 对土壤肥力的影响 

• 对当地福利的影响 

• 景观影响 

10.8.2 Species-specific information on 

site demands and on ecological 

behaviour from experience or local trials 

is available and considered in the 

management. 

在经营中考虑到传统经验和实践践检验 

中特有种的生物学特性和生态学特性 

信息。 

10.8.3 There is no large scale planting of 

species that have not been shown to be 

appropriate to the site on the basis of 

local trials or experience 

没有大面积的使用不适应当地的立地 

条件、或以前的经验证明明不适宜于当 

地栽植的树种。 

10.8.4 Plantations are not established on 

sites of important or sensitive 

ecosystems; areas of high or unique 

biological diversity; planned conservation 

or protection areas or where there are 

possible adverse effects on an important 

water catchment area. 

没有在已经划定的生态重要区、高多 

样性保护地区、规划的保护区以及可 

能对下游水资源造成严重破坏的区域 

营造人工林。 


10.8.5 Plantations will not be established 

on lands where ownership and use rights 

have not been settled. 

对于林地所有权和使用权未解决的情情 

况下不能营造人工林。 

10.8.6 Disputes arising after 

establishment will be dealt with 

appropriately. 

实施施之后发生的冲突和纠纷得到恰当 

的处理。 


not consider previous indicator) negative 

environmental and social impact are 

identified and monitored and measures 

are implemented to address them. 


虑前面的指指标)识别和监测负面的环 

境和社会影响,并实施施措施施解决。 


10.9. Plantations established in areas converted from natural forests after November 1994 

normally shall not qualify for certification. Certification may be allowed in circumstances 

where sufficient evidence is submitted to the certification body that the manager/owner 

is not responsible directly or indirectly of such conversion. 

标准标准 10.9 1994 年 11 月以后在天然林采伐迹地营造的人工林一般不具备认证条件。人工林的经营者或 

所有者,如果有足足够的证据据说服认证机构,他们对这种土地利用方方式的转变没有直接或间 

接的责任,在这种情情形下可以允许进行认证。 

10.9.1 There is written evidence that the 

plantation was established before the 

deadline (if established in areas 

converted from natural forests). 

提交该人工林是是在 1994 年 11 月以前 

建立的书面证明明(如果该人工林是是由天 

然林转变而来的). 

10.9.2 There is written evidence that the 

plantation was not established in areas 

converted from natural forests. 

提交该人工林林地不是是由天然林转变 

而来的书面证明明。 



Annex 1: Relevant Laws for the People’s Republic of China 

A 1 Laws: 

1. State Regulations Governing Environmental Monitoring (1983) 

2. Water Law of the People’s Republic of China (1988) 

3. Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (1989) 

4. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine 

(1991) 

5. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation (1991) 

6. Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China (2008) 

7. Regulations Governing the Administration of Nature Reserves (1994) 

8. Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Air pollution (1995) 

9. Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (1996) 

10. Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution 

(1996) 

11. Scientific and Technological Achieveent Transformation Law of P.R. China (1996) 

12. Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China (1983, revised in 1996) 

13. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Animal Epidemic Prevention (1997) 

14. Flood Control Law of P. R. China (1997) 

15. Forest Law of the People’s Republic of China (1984, revised in 1998) 

16. The Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (1999) 

17. Administrative Reconsideration Law of The People's Republic of China (1999) 

18. Seed Law of the People’s Republic of China (2000) 

19. Sand Control and Prevention Law of P.R. China (2001) 

20. Trade Union Law of the People’s Republic of China (1992, revised in 2001) 

21. Environment and Natural Resoures Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (2001) 

22. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Land Contract in Rural Areas (2002) 

23. The Agriculture Law of the People’s Republic of China (2003) 

24. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Work Safety (2003) 

25. Constitution of the People’s Republic of China (1982, revised in March 14, 2004) 

26. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Wild Animals (1988, revised in 

2004) 

27. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on United Farmers Co-operative (2006) 

28. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Conserving Energy (2007) 

29. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Labor Contract (2007) 

30. Property Law of the People's Republic of China (2007) 

31. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban and Rural Planning (2007) 

A 2 Regulations of Nation 

1. Regulations on Forest Felling Regeneration (1987) 

2. Regulations on Forest Fire Control (1988) 



3. Regulations on Forest Pest Control (1989) 

4. Regulations on Flood Control of People’s Republic of China (1998) 

5. Regulation on Implementation of Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit 

Animal and Plant Quarantine (1992) 

6. Regulations for the Implementation of Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of 

Terrestrial Wildlife (1992) 

7. Regulations on Urban Greening (1992) 

8. Regulations for the Implementation of the Water and Soil Conservation Law of People’s Republic of 

China (1993) 

9. Regulations of the Peoples Republic of China on Protection of Natural Conservation Area (1994) 

10. Regulations Concerning Conflict Resolution of Forest Tree and Forestland Ownership (1996) 

11. Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Wild Plants Protection (1997) 

12. Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of New Varieties of Plants (1997) 

13. Regulations on Environmental Protection of Construction Projects (1998) 

14. Regulations for the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of 

China (1999) 

15. Regulations on Implementation of Forest Law of the People’s Republic of China (1986, revised in 

2000) 

16. Regulations on Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and 

Control of Water Pollution (2000) 

17. Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Seed Management (2000) 

18. Regulations on Defarming and reafforestation (2002) 

19. Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals (2002) 

20. Rules for Implementation of the Statistics Law of People’s Republic of China (1987, revised in 2005) 

21. Regulations on Management of Entry and Exit of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants (2006) 

22. Regulations on Public Information of Government of the People’s Republic of China (2007) 

23. Regulations on Paid Annual Leave of Employees (2007) 

24. Regulations on Implementation of the Administrative Reconsideration Law of The People's Republic 

of China (2007) 

25. Regulations on Registration Management of United Farmers Co-operative (2007) 

26. Regulations on Land Survey (2008) 

A 3 Administrative Regulations of Sectors 

1. Procedures on Approval of Quarantine of Introduced Exotic Species (1980) 

2. Regulations on Natural Conservation Area of Forest and Wild Animal Type (1985) 

3. Procedures on File of Forest Resources (1986) 

4. List of Wild Animals under Key State Protection (1989) 

5. Magement Measures of Forest Park (1994) 

6. Resolution Measures on Resolving the Ownership Disputes of Forest Trees and Forestland (1996) 

7. Implementation Measures for Management and Monitoring of National Forest Resources and 

Capital (Try Out) (1996) 

8. Management Measures of Promoting the Use of Improved Variety of Forest Trees (1997) 

9. List of Wild Plants under Key State Protection (First List) (1999) 

10. Protection List of New Varieties of Plants of the People’s Republic of China (the first,1999) 

11. Protection List of New Varieties of Plants of the People’s Republic of China (the second,2000) 

12. Management Measures of Forestry Station (2000) 

13. List of Species and Countries Prohibited from Trading Provided by CITIES (2001) 

14. List of Main Forest Tree Species of the People’s Republic of China (2001) 

15. Construction Standard for Public Welfare Forest (2001) 

16. Procedures on Registration of Ownership of Forest Trees and Forestland (2001) 

17. Procedures of Assessment and Approval of Occupying and Requisition of Forestland (2001) 

18. Regulations of State Forestry, P.R. China on Quality Control of Saplings of Forest Tree (2002) 

19. Measures on Packaging and Labeling of Forest Tree Seed (2002) 

20. Protection List of New Varieties of Plants of the People’s Republic of China (the third,2002) 

21. Provisions on Production and Operation License of Forest Tree Seed (2002) 

22. Provisions on Approval of Variety of Main Forest Trees (2003) 



23. Provisions on the Annual Examination of Production and Operation License of Forest Tree Seed 

(2003) 

24. Provisions on Approval and Monitoring of the Quarantine of Introduced Forest Tree, Seedling, Seed 

and other Propagating Materials (2003) 

25. Interim Procedures of Afforestation Quality Control (2003) 

26. Magement Measures of Forestry Standardization (2003) 

27. Assessment Procedures of Afforestation Quality (2004) 

28. Protection List of New Varieties of Plants of the People’s Republic of China (the fourth,2004) 

29. Management Measures of Foresty Statistics (2005) 

30. Provisions on Approval Management of Kind and Quantity of Exotic Species of introduced 

Terrestrial Wild Animal (2005) 

31. Provisions on Disposition of Outburst of Forest Pest (2005) 

32. Procedures of Approval of Transgene Engineering of Forest Tree (2006) 

33. Provisions on Superversion of Forest Resources (2007) 

34. Provisions on Resources of Forest Tree Seed (2007) 

35. Provisions on Quality of Forest Tree Seed (2007) 

B International conventions and agreements to which China is a signatory 

1. Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 

2. Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat 

3. International Labour Organization Conventions(China is not a full signatory) 

4. International Tropical Timber Agreement 

5. International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 

6. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 

7. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 

8. Convention on Biological Diversity 

9. Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer 

C List of Rare, Threatened and Endangered species is available at 

http://www.chinabiodiversity.com and http://www.cnwm.org.cn/wildlife/ 

术语表 

(依据据 FSC 原则与标准 1999 年 1 月修改) 

本文文件中使用的词汇的意意思与多数标准英语字典的定义一样,某些短语(如当地社区)的确切含义或 

地方方性解释应由经营者及认证机构依据据当地的情情况确定。在本文文件中,下列词汇应按按以下解释来理解: 

生物多样性所有来源(包括括陆地、海洋及其他水生生态系统,以及由各种生物组成 

的生态复合系统)的生物之间的变异性;这包括括种内、种间和生态系统 

的多样性(参见《生物多样性公约》,1992)。 

生物多样性的价值生物多样性及其组成部分的内在的、生态的、遗传的、社会的、经济 

的、科学的、教育的、文文化的、娱乐的以及美学方方面的价值(参见《生 

物多样性公约》,1992)。 

生物控制剂用来消灭或调节其他生物体种群的生物体。 

产销监管链森林产品从源头到最终使用者的渠道。 

化学品在森林经营过程中使用的化肥、杀虫剂、杀菌剂和激素的总称。 



标准判断断是是否达到(森林经营)原则的一种工具。 

传统权利由经常重复的习惯惯或传统行为而得到的权利,由于这种重复以及长时时期 

默许,使这种权利在某一地理或社会单元中获得了法律效力。 

生态系统动植物群落及它们所在的环境构成的一个具有独立功能的整整体。 

濒危物种在其分布的整整个或大部分地区面临灭绝危险的物种。 

外来物种在本地的、引入的或非本地特产的物种。 

森林完整整性天然林的构成、动态、功能及结构特征。 

森林经营/经营者负责森林资源和企业经营活动、经营系统、结构、计划和野外作业的 

人。 

遗传改性的生物体采用各种手段诱使遗传结构发生变化的生物体。 

原住居民的土地及领地原住居民传统上拥拥有的、或以其它方方式占有或使用的包括括土地、空气、 

水、海洋、海冰、动植物群及其他资源在内的整整个环境(参见《原住居 

民权利宣言草案》第 6 部分)。 

原住居民当来自世界其他地区、不同文文化或不同种族族血统的人抵抵达之前,全部或 

部分居住在现在领土上的人的后裔;后来者征服他们,或通过拓拓居、移 

民和其他方方式使他们的数量下降到少数的地位或使他们处于殖民地的境 

地;至今他们还在现有国家机构(主要体现了占人口统治地位的其他种 

族族人群的民族族、社会及文文化特征形成的)下,以(他们自己现在也是是其 

中一部分的)更符合自己特殊社会、经济和文文化习惯惯和传统的方方式生活 

着(摘自联合国原住居民工作组的工作定义)。 

高保护价值森林具有下列一种或多种特征的森林: 

a) 具有全球性、区域性及国家级重要保护价值的林区。 

生物多样性价值集中区(如特有种、濒危物种、避难所); 

在经营单元内或含有经营单元的大片自然景观及森林,在这里以自然分 

布和丰富的方方式生存着自然产生的绝大多数(如果不是是全部的话)的生 

物种群。 

b) 处于或含有稀有的、受威胁或濒临生态系统的林区。 

c) 在紧要情情况下能提供基本自然服务功能(如流域保护、水土保持持)的 

林区。 

d) 对满足足当地社区基本需要(如生存、健康)十分重要的和(或)对当 

地社区(当地社区合作中确定的具体文文化、生态、经济或宗教意意义的地 

区)传统文文化特征至关重要的林区。 



景观在某一地区由于地质、地形、土壤、气候、生物及人类相互作用而形成 

的生态系统构成的地理组合。 

地方方法律由权限次于国家水平的政府组织制定的各种法律,如部门的、地方方性的 

和传统的规定。 

长期按按照经营规划的目标、森林采伐率及保持持永久森林覆盖的承诺,森林拥拥 

有者或经营者需要的时时间期限。所涉及的时时间长短将根据据具体情情况及生 

态条件而有所不同,它是是采伐或干扰后使该生态系统恢复其自然结构和 

成分,或达到成熟或原始状态所需时时间的函数。 

乡土树种自然生长在该地区的、为该地区特有的物种。 

自然循环由森林环境中土壤、水分、植物、动物间相互作用引起起的、影响某一特 

定地点生态生产力的营养物质及矿物质的循环。 

天然林按按照 FSC 批批准的国家及地区森林经营标准定义的,具有本土生态系统的 

大多数主要特征及关键要素(如复杂性、层次性和多样性)的林分。 

非木材林产品除木材以外的所有林产品,包括括从林木中得到的其他材料料,如树脂、树 

叶以及其他的动植物产品。 

其他森林类型不符合人工林或天然林标准,由 FSC 批批准的国家和地区森林经营标准更 

详细定义的林区。 

人工林由 FSC 通过的国家和地区森林经营标准确定的、缺乏本地生态系统的大 

部分主要特征和关键要素的,由人工种植、播种或集约营林活动形成的 

森林地区。 

原则在 FSC 的事例中指指森林经营的基本规则和要素。 

次生林重大的森林干扰或破坏(洪涝、火灾、土地清理或超超大强度的森林采 

伐)活动后更新新的生态系统,其特点是是缺少成熟林木,先锋树种丰富, 

林下幼树及草本植物层稠密。尽管次生林经常在一个采伐期内具有很高 

的生物量积累,但根据据森林初次遭受破坏的严重程度,次生林再转变成 

为原始林通常需要经过几个轮伐期的时时间。长期或高强度的利用对下层 

土壤及营养物质循环造成不可逆转的变化,会使原来的原始森林无无法得 

到恢复(FSC 批批准的国家和地区森林经营标准提供了更详细的说明明)。 

营林通过控制森林的建立、构成和生长,最大限度满足足森林所有者目的的森 

林生产和经营技术。这其中可能包括括,也可能不包括括木材生产。 

演替随着时时间推移由自然(非人为)因素引起起的树种构成或森林群落结构的 

渐进变化。 



权属个人或群体拥拥有的、为法律条文文或传统实践践认可的、由社会定义的契 

约;指指拥拥有、占有、进入和(或)使用某一特定土地单元或这块土地上 

有关资源(如单株林木、植物、水资源及矿产等)的“ 一系列权利与责 

任” 。 

受威胁物种在可预见的将来会在其分布区的整整个或大部分地区面临濒临境地的物 

种。 

使用权由地方方传统、共同协议确定的或有其他有进入权的机构规定的使用森林 

资源的权利。这些权利可以严格限制具体资源使用的消费量标准或具体 

的采伐技术。 


中华人民共和国相关法律 

中华人民共和国相关法律 

生态环境类 

生态环境类 

•《中华人民共和国宪法》 (1999年3月5日日实施施) 

• 《自然保护区管理条例》 (1997年1月1日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》 (1989年12月26日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》(1996年5月15日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》(1995年8月29日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国固体废弃物污染防治法》 (1996年4月1日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国水土保持持法》(1982年6月30日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国水土法》(1988年7月1日日实施施) 

• 《环境检测的国家规定》(1983年7月21日日实施施) 

• 《国家环境检测报告制度》 (暂行1991年7月21日日实施施) 

• 《建设项目环境影响评价证书管理条例》(1989年9月2日日实施施) 

森林和自然资源类 

森林和自然资源类 

• 《中华人民共和国森林法》 (1998年4月29日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国森林法实施施细则》(2000年1月29日日实施施) 

• 《森林防火条例》 (1988年1月16日日实施施) 

• 《森林病虫害防治条例》(1989年12月18日日实施施) 

• 《植物检疫条例》(1992年5月13日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国种子法》(2000年7月8日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》 (1989年3月1日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国关于陆地野生动物保护法实施施细则》(1992年3月1日日实施施) 

• 《中华人民共和国野生植物保护条例》(1997年1月1日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国保护性野生动植物名录》(1989年1月14日日实施施) 

劳工保护类 

劳工保护类 

•《中华人民共和国劳动法》(1995年1月1日日实施施) 

• 《劳动部关于实施施中华人民共和国劳动法的意意见》(1995年8月11日日实施施) 

• 《外资企业劳动管理的规定》(1995年8月1日日实施施) 

• 《劳动部关于实施施最低工资保障体系的通知》(1994年10月8日日实施施) 

Page 1 of 61

土地资源管理类 

土地资源管理类 

•《中华人民共和国中外合资企业法》(1983年9月20日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国土地管理法》(1987年1月1日日实施施) 

•《中华人民共和国森林法》第15条 (1998年4月29日日实施施) 

•《关于解决林木、林地所有权冲突的规定》(1996年9月26日日实施施) 

Page 2 of 61

BUREAU VERITAS CERTIFICATION

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?