Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU
Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU
Department for International Development (DFID) It aims at funding and providing support to disaster relief programmes. World Bank The Disaster Management Facility of the World Bank was established to streamline disaster prevention and mitigation initiatives connected with all the activities pertaining to disaster management. It has been doing a lot of work in the area of disaster mitigation. United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP) Even though the UNDP does not directly participate in relief or rehabilitation operations unless specially requested, it does receive all information on the nature and extent of disaster damage and loss of life. Its broad aim is to design responsive structures, as well as implement prevention and mitigation strategies. United States Aid Programme (USAID)/Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) USAID doesn’t directly involve itself in disaster relief and rehabilitation. It is more concerned with monitoring and reporting on disaster preparedness and response activities. There may, however, be a provision through partner NGOs for short-term food aid to disaster victims. OFDA is the office within USAID responsible for providing non-food humanitarian assistance in response to international crises and disasters. United Nations International Children’s Education Fund (UNICEF) It contributes by donating funds to the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund. It regularly meets with the government of the affected country in order to facilitate a more coordinated disaster response mechanism which can facilitate rehabilitation. United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) This United Nations Office is mandated by the UN General Assembly to coordinate humanitarian assistance of the UN family, as well as that of international humanitarian actions. A Regional Office of the UNOCHA for Asia and the Pacific operates from Bangkok, Thailand. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) of the United Nations constitutes one of six principal organs of the United Nations responsible for the coordination of economic, social, and related work of 14 UN specialized agencies, its functional commissions and 5 regional commissions. The ECOSOC serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues, and for formulating policy recommendations addressed to Member States and the United Nations System. World Food Programme (WFP) The World Food Programme (WFP) is the food aid branch of the United Nations, and the world’s largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger worldwide. WFP works to help people who Source: Micro-finance/Agakhan are unable to produce or obtain enough food for themselves and Development Network their families. According to its mission statement, its aim is to provide food aid to: 21
1. Save lives in refugee and other emergency situations 2. Improve the nutrition and quality of life of the most vulnerable people at critical times in their lives 3. Help build assets and promote the self-reliance of poor people and communities, particularly through labour-intensive programmes 4. Create Food-for-Work programmes to help promote environmental and economic stability, as well as agricultural production. World Health Organization (WHO) The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. It carries out various health-related campaigns, for example, to boost the consumption of fruits and vegetables worldwide and to discourage tobacco use. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) The Food and Agriculture Organization is a specialized agency of the UN that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO is also a source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries and countries in transition to modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries, as well as ensure good nutrition and food security for all. FAO helps countries prevent, mitigate, prepare for and respond to emergencies. FAO focuses on strengthening capacity for disaster preparedness and ability to mitigate impact of emergencies on food security. It does so by forecasting and providing early warning of adverse conditions, assessing needs and devising programmes, which promote the transition from relief to reconstruction and development. As a result, improving analysis of underlying causes of crises, and strengthening local capacities to cope with risks. Asian Development Bank (ADB) It is a regional development bank that has come up to facilitate economic development of countries in Asia. ADB has been modeled on the World Bank format, and has a similar weighted voting system, where votes are distributed in proportion with member’s capital subscription. The ADB is playing an important role in increasing loan share for social issues such as education, health and population, urban development and environment in many Asian countries. DID YOU KNOW? The NDMA’s Guidelines on disaster management reiterate the focus on disaster recovery, in order to give this disaster phase its due. The focus of the guidelines is on: Promoting a culture of prevention and preparedness by ensuring that disaster management receives the highest priority at all levels. Facilitating reconstruction as an opportunity to build disaster resilient structures and habitat. 22
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1. Save lives in refugee <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r emergency situations<br />
2. Improve <strong>the</strong> nutrition <strong>and</strong> quality of life of <strong>the</strong> most vulnerable people at critical times in <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
lives<br />
3. Help build assets <strong>and</strong> promote <strong>the</strong> self-reliance of poor people <strong>and</strong> communities, particularly<br />
through labour-intensive programmes<br />
4. Create Food-for-Work programmes to help promote environmental <strong>and</strong> economic stability, as<br />
well as agricultural production.<br />
<br />
World Health Organization (WHO)<br />
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of <strong>the</strong> United Nations (UN) that acts<br />
as a coordinating authority on international public health. It carries out various health-related campaigns,<br />
for example, to boost <strong>the</strong> consumption of fruits <strong>and</strong> vegetables worldwide <strong>and</strong> to discourage tobacco<br />
use.<br />
<br />
Food <strong>and</strong> Agriculture Organization (FAO)<br />
The Food <strong>and</strong> Agriculture Organization is a specialized agency of <strong>the</strong> UN that leads international<br />
efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed <strong>and</strong> developing countries, FAO is also a source<br />
of knowledge <strong>and</strong> information, <strong>and</strong> helps developing countries <strong>and</strong> countries in transition to modernize<br />
<strong>and</strong> improve agriculture, forestry <strong>and</strong> fisheries, as well as ensure good nutrition <strong>and</strong> food security<br />
for all. FAO helps countries prevent, mitigate, prepare for <strong>and</strong> respond to emergencies. FAO<br />
focuses on streng<strong>the</strong>ning capacity for disaster preparedness <strong>and</strong> ability to mitigate impact of emergencies<br />
on food security. It does so by forecasting <strong>and</strong> providing early warning of adverse conditions,<br />
assessing needs <strong>and</strong> devising programmes, which promote <strong>the</strong> transition from relief to reconstruction<br />
<strong>and</strong> development. As a result, improving analysis of underlying causes of crises, <strong>and</strong> streng<strong>the</strong>ning<br />
local capacities to cope with risks.<br />
<br />
Asian Development Bank (ADB)<br />
It is a regional development bank that has come up to facilitate economic development of countries<br />
in Asia. ADB has been modeled on <strong>the</strong> World Bank format, <strong>and</strong> has a similar weighted voting<br />
system, where votes are distributed in proportion with member’s capital subscription. The ADB is<br />
playing an important role in increasing loan share for social issues such as education, health <strong>and</strong><br />
population, urban development <strong>and</strong> environment in many Asian countries.<br />
DID YOU KNOW?<br />
The NDMA’s Guidelines on disaster management reiterate <strong>the</strong> focus on disaster recovery,<br />
in order to give this disaster phase its due. The focus of <strong>the</strong> guidelines is on:<br />
<br />
<br />
Promoting a culture of prevention <strong>and</strong> preparedness by ensuring that disaster<br />
management receives <strong>the</strong> highest priority at all levels.<br />
Facilitating reconstruction as an opportunity to build disaster resilient structures<br />
<strong>and</strong> habitat.<br />
22