Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU
Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU Disaster Recovery and the Road Ahead - IGNOU
Learning from experience Ascertaining change Gender In common usage, the word gender often refers to the sexual distinction between male and female. However, it would be more appropriate to view gender as a set of relations between and among men and women in different societies based on socially constructed roles and behaviour, considered appropriate for men and women. Gable Ends Roof’s corner joints or ends to support the wall Lintel and Plinth Levels Lintel level is the top of the door or window and plinth is the uppermost level of foundation at which damp proofing is done Monitoring Monitoring is the routine process of data collection and measurement of progress toward disaster programme objectives. Designated agencies/volunteers monitor the activities of an initiative by keeping track of activities. It is important that there is an agreement on what these aims and objectives are before one sets out to monitor activities. Monitoring means: Knowing where we are Observing and recording change Regular and timely assessment Increased and jointly shared accountability Routine reflection Feedback Illustration 2 Purlins One of several horizontal timbers supporting the rafters of a roof. Retrofitting (or Upgrading) It means reinforcement of structures to make them more resistant and resilient to the forces of natural hazards. It involves consideration of changes in the mass, stiffness, damping, load path and ductility of materials, as well as radical changes such as the introduction of energy absorbing dampers and base isolation systems. Examples of retrofitting include the consideration of wind loading to strengthen and minimize the wind force, and in earthquake prone areas, it means the strengthening of structures. 15
Watershed Management Significant proportion of rainwater drains away even in water scarce drought prone areas. Much of this water can be harnessed through appropriate structural measures like construction of checkdams, contour-bunding, nala plugging etc. These can be supplemented by providing vegetative cover wherever feasible and economical. This strategy is useful because it has shorter gestation period, better environmental impact and greater adaptability to local level decentralized planning. Water Harvesting in Small Catchments In order to ensure effective irrigation, two pronged strategies may be adopted at a macro-scale through large projects or at micro-scale through water harvesting in small catchments. Large reservoir projects have many advantages and benefits. That is why they are impressive, but often have several financial, administrative, political, social, environmental and operational problems. Source: Irrigation Canal near Satanur/panoramio.com EXERCISE 1 WRITE THE MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS IN YOUR OWN WORDS: CROP SAVING TECHNIQUES DEFORMABILITY WATER HARVESTING MONITORING; AND DOCUMENTATION 1.3 STAKEHOLDERS IN REHABILITATION As you all know, disaster management is a collective or team work. Many stakeholders are involved even at disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction phases. They all perform the following tasks in varied degrees: Damage Assessment Facilitation of Reconstruction Activities Awareness Generation for Controlling Epidemics Mobilization of Resources Promotion of Alternative Technology to Reduce Costs 16
- Page 1 and 2: TRAINING MANUAL BOOKLET 4 Disaster
- Page 3 and 4: The Indira Gandhi National Open Uni
- Page 5 and 6: TRAINING MANUAL BOOKLET 4 Disaster
- Page 7 and 8: lR;eso t;rs MESSAGE Vice-Chairman N
- Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Training Manuals ar
- Page 11 and 12: Develop community based disaster ma
- Page 13 and 14: CONTENTS SECTION TOPIC PAGE Abbrevi
- Page 15 and 16: IFRC : International Federation of
- Page 17 and 18: The ‘ought to’s’ and ‘shoul
- Page 19 and 20: 1.2 CONCEPTS TO REMEMBER Alternativ
- Page 21: Dowels Illustration 1 A dowel is a
- Page 25 and 26: Building Materials and Technology P
- Page 27 and 28: Curriculum development and teaching
- Page 29 and 30: 1. Save lives in refugee and other
- Page 31 and 32: Planned cooperation with all govern
- Page 33 and 34: Types of Sample Surveys Sample Meth
- Page 35 and 36: Rehabilitation of agriculture, arti
- Page 37 and 38: achieved by strengthening the vario
- Page 39 and 40: c) For the repair of wall separatio
- Page 41 and 42: Utilizing the addition of clay and
- Page 43 and 44: Encouraging the organization of com
- Page 45 and 46: Source: Google Images Give due
- Page 47 and 48: The Myths with regard to Human Resp
- Page 49 and 50: iii) iv) In the rescue phase, emerg
- Page 51 and 52: Lack of Knowledge and Awareness on
- Page 53 and 54: Conflict Avoidance Strategies inclu
- Page 55 and 56: vi) Training and testing the ongoin
- Page 57 and 58: Raising public awareness amongst ch
- Page 59 and 60: opportunities and alternative techn
- Page 61 and 62: A systematic disaster management pl
- Page 63 and 64: for a strategic planning policy, wh
- Page 65 and 66: check ups of animals/ livestock Se
- Page 67 and 68: of water Periodic checking of leak
- Page 69 and 70: 16 Poverty Alleviation Programmes 1
- Page 71 and 72: 21 Cultural Activities 22 Market an
Learning from experience<br />
Ascertaining change<br />
Gender<br />
In common usage, <strong>the</strong> word gender often refers to <strong>the</strong> sexual distinction between male <strong>and</strong> female.<br />
However, it would be more appropriate to view gender as a set of relations between <strong>and</strong> among<br />
men <strong>and</strong> women in different societies based on socially constructed roles <strong>and</strong> behaviour, considered<br />
appropriate for men <strong>and</strong> women.<br />
Gable Ends<br />
Roof’s corner joints or ends to support <strong>the</strong> wall<br />
Lintel <strong>and</strong> Plinth Levels<br />
Lintel level is <strong>the</strong> top of <strong>the</strong> door or window <strong>and</strong> plinth<br />
is <strong>the</strong> uppermost level of foundation at which damp<br />
proofing is done<br />
Monitoring<br />
Monitoring is <strong>the</strong> routine process of data collection<br />
<strong>and</strong> measurement of progress toward disaster<br />
programme objectives. Designated agencies/volunteers<br />
monitor <strong>the</strong> activities of an initiative by keeping track<br />
of activities. It is important that <strong>the</strong>re is an agreement<br />
on what <strong>the</strong>se aims <strong>and</strong> objectives are before one sets<br />
out to monitor activities. Monitoring means:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Knowing where we are<br />
Observing <strong>and</strong> recording change<br />
Regular <strong>and</strong> timely assessment<br />
Increased <strong>and</strong> jointly shared accountability<br />
Routine reflection<br />
Feedback<br />
Illustration 2<br />
Purlins<br />
One of several horizontal timbers supporting <strong>the</strong> rafters of a roof.<br />
Retrofitting (or Upgrading)<br />
It means reinforcement of structures to make <strong>the</strong>m more resistant <strong>and</strong> resilient to <strong>the</strong> forces of natural<br />
hazards. It involves consideration of changes in <strong>the</strong> mass, stiffness, damping, load path <strong>and</strong> ductility<br />
of materials, as well as radical changes such as <strong>the</strong> introduction of energy absorbing dampers <strong>and</strong><br />
base isolation systems. Examples of retrofitting include <strong>the</strong> consideration of wind loading to streng<strong>the</strong>n<br />
<strong>and</strong> minimize <strong>the</strong> wind force, <strong>and</strong> in earthquake prone areas, it means <strong>the</strong> streng<strong>the</strong>ning of structures.<br />
15
Change language