Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...
Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ... Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...
Table 5.68 – Determinants of perceived changes in household well-being Regression estimating satisfaction. Ordered probit estimates Number of obs = 788 LR chi2(33) = 83.03 Prob > chi2 = 0.0000 Log likelihood = -678.93772 Pseudo R2 = 0.0576 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ change | Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- lnexppc | .406353 .0895039 4.54 0.000 .2309285 .5817775 mktsurp | .0077803 .002283 3.41 0.001 .0033056 .0122549 hhsize | .0438986 .0212457 2.07 0.039 .0022577 .0855394 under15p | .187578 .2275164 0.82 0.410 -.258346 .6335019 over65p | .1204971 .5276684 0.23 0.819 -.9137139 1.154708 femhead | -.1383869 .1595446 -0.87 0.386 -.4510886 .1743148 agehead | -.0328966 .0202036 -1.63 0.103 -.0724949 .0067018 age2 | .0003559 .0002306 1.54 0.123 -.0000961 .0008079 edhd1 | .1191716 .1600222 0.74 0.456 -.1944662 .4328094 edhd2 | .3187311 .2563323 1.24 0.214 -.1836709 .8211332 lithead | -.2556237 .1496329 -1.71 0.088 -.5488987 .0376513 edsp1 | -.052409 .1152886 -0.45 0.649 -.2783705 .1735524 edsp2 | .2994468 .3565671 0.84 0.401 -.3994119 .9983054 litsps | .0161757 .1689754 0.10 0.924 -.3150099 .3473614 fsize | -.0246789 .0494431 -0.50 0.618 -.1215855 .0722277 tobgrow | -.257568 .137516 -1.87 0.061 -.5270945 .0119585 irrig | .4312811 .2342161 1.84 0.066 -.0277741 .8903363 connect | -.1826518 .0965741 -1.89 0.059 -.3719335 .0066299 club | .1380023 .1222276 1.13 0.259 -.1015595 .377564 coop | -.040205 .1930921 -0.21 0.835 -.4186586 .3382486 extcont | .1762547 .112696 1.56 0.118 -.0446255 .3971349 chewa | -.1470395 .1988246 -0.74 0.460 -.5367285 .2426496 ngoni | -.0761561 .1917863 -0.40 0.691 -.4520504 .2997382 tumb | .0176262 .1942392 0.09 0.928 -.3630756 .398328 lomw | -.089999 .1965554 -0.46 0.647 -.4752405 .2952426 yawo | -.1152073 .1831193 -0.63 0.529 -.4741145 .2437 distroad | .0500577 .1181076 0.42 0.672 -.1814289 .2815443 radio | .0918288 .1022771 0.90 0.369 -.1086306 .2922883 tv | .0515057 .4801151 0.11 0.915 -.8895026 .9925141 bike | -.0342985 .1013302 -0.34 0.735 -.232902 .164305 mbike | 7.760963 296879.7 0.00 1.000 -581865.7 581881.3 reg1 | -.1653387 .1783722 -0.93 0.354 -.5149418 .1842644 reg2 | -.1702906 .157538 -1.08 0.280 -.4790594 .1384783 -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- _cut1 | 3.042196 .8603625 (Ancillary parameters) _cut2 | 3.432705 .8616464 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ change | Probability Observed -------------+------------------------------------- 1 | Pr( xb+u
Table 5.69 – General information for the average EPA by region Region South Center North Total Average number of villages per EPA 122 214 100 160 Average number of farming households per EPA 22,865 17,320 15,215 18,736 Average number of residents per EPA 102,874 76,878 81,406 86,894 Average total area (in hectares) per EPA 49,857 49,851 51,077 49,965 Average total arable area (in hectares) 18,748 30,957 26,981 25,624 Average population density (person/ha) 2.06 1.54 1.59 1.74 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. Table 5.70 – Average volume of production per EPA in the 1997/98 cropping period (in tons) Region Crop: South Center North Total Maize 16,652 12,398 4,007 12,297 Irish Potato 0 1,881 1,587 1,797 Sweet potato 23,126 6,296 3,085 11,371 Cassava 12,303 4,053 18,488 9,209 Rice 1,670 2,644 4,310 2,325 Beans/pulse 2,719 789 660 1,282 Sorghum 1,441 69 360 877 Groundnuts 442 1,014 328 728 Vegetables 12,145 3,766 250 7,516 Fruits & Nuts 96,436 544 150 48,424 Tobacco 550 1,204 459 881 Cotton 668 169 0 383 Sugar 0 0 210 105 Tea 0 0 0 0 Coffee 0 300 0 300 Chile/paprika 316 103 18 105 Sunflower 0 107 88 102 Soybeans 17 488 204 389 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. 314
- Page 270 and 271: Surprisingly, the education of the
- Page 272 and 273: Housing characteristics The overwhe
- Page 274 and 275: It was also important to find out w
- Page 276 and 277: Surprisingly, tobacco growers are m
- Page 278 and 279: Over three-quarter of the EPAs repo
- Page 280 and 281: The changes in the number and types
- Page 282 and 283: 5.2.11 Storage Facilities On averag
- Page 284 and 285: Table 5.2 - Household characteristi
- Page 286 and 287: Table 5.7 - Percentage of household
- Page 288 and 289: Table 5.12 - Farm labor use and all
- Page 290 and 291: Table 5.15 - Determinants of the de
- Page 292 and 293: Table 5.17 - Sources of fertilizer
- Page 294 and 295: Table 5.22 - Access and use of cred
- Page 296 and 297: Table 5.25 - Percent of households
- Page 298 and 299: Table 5.29 - Percent of households
- Page 300 and 301: Table 5.34 - Crop disposal by type
- Page 302 and 303: Table 5.38 - Determinants of Market
- Page 304 and 305: Table 5.42 - Summary of expenditure
- Page 306 and 307: Table 5.45 - Food consumption by so
- Page 308 and 309: Table 5.47 - Percent of households
- Page 310 and 311: Table 5.49 - Percent of households
- Page 312 and 313: Table 5.51 - Food consumption by ex
- Page 314 and 315: Table 5.56 - Determinants of per ca
- Page 316 and 317: Table 5.59 Percent of households ow
- Page 318 and 319: Table 5.62 - Characteristics of the
- Page 322 and 323: Table 5.71 - Average yields per cro
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- Page 326 and 327: Figure 5.1 Distribution of househol
- Page 328 and 329: Figure 5.7 - Percentage of Househol
- Page 330 and 331: CHAPTER 6 - SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AN
- Page 332 and 333: Fertilizer Half of the far
- Page 334 and 335: Regression analysis indicates that
- Page 336 and 337: Among those seeing improvement, the
- Page 338 and 339: Agricultural markets Three quart
- Page 340 and 341: The economic reforms have boosted p
- Page 342 and 343: department. The farms with very lit
- Page 344 and 345: Strengthen the extension service by
- Page 346 and 347: The most time-consuming agricultura
- Page 348 and 349: Most common means of transport to t
- Page 350 and 351: Small farmers in Malawi are mainly
- Page 352 and 353: households have less assets and les
- Page 354 and 355: Place more serious efforts to impro
- Page 356 and 357: REFERENCES Ahoyo Adjovi, N.R. and F
Table 5.68 – Determinants of perceived changes in household well-being<br />
Regression estimating satisfaction.<br />
Ordered probit estimates Number of obs = 788<br />
LR chi2(33) = 83.03<br />
Prob > chi2 = 0.0000<br />
Log likelihood = -678.93772 Pseudo R2 = 0.0576<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
change | Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. <strong>In</strong>terval]<br />
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------<br />
lnexppc | .406353 .0895039 4.54 0.000 .2309285 .5817775<br />
mktsurp | .0077803 .002283 3.41 0.001 .0033056 .0122549<br />
hhsize | .0438986 .0212457 2.07 0.039 .0022577 .0855394<br />
under15p | .187578 .2275164 0.82 0.410 -.258346 .6335019<br />
over65p | .1204971 .5276684 0.23 0.819 -.9137139 1.154708<br />
femhead | -.1383869 .1595446 -0.87 0.386 -.4510886 .1743148<br />
agehead | -.0328966 .0202036 -1.63 0.103 -.0724949 .0067018<br />
age2 | .0003559 .0002306 1.54 0.123 -.0000961 .0008079<br />
edhd1 | .1191716 .1600222 0.74 0.456 -.1944662 .4328094<br />
edhd2 | .3187311 .2563323 1.24 0.214 -.1836709 .8211332<br />
lithead | -.2556237 .1496329 -1.71 0.088 -.5488987 .0376513<br />
edsp1 | -.052409 .1152886 -0.45 0.649 -.2783705 .1735524<br />
edsp2 | .2994468 .3565671 0.84 0.401 -.3994119 .9983054<br />
litsps | .0161757 .1689754 0.10 0.924 -.3150099 .3473614<br />
fsize | -.0246789 .0494431 -0.50 0.618 -.1215855 .0722277<br />
tobgrow | -.257568 .137516 -1.87 0.061 -.5270945 .0119585<br />
irrig | .4312811 .2342161 1.84 0.066 -.0277741 .8903363<br />
connect | -.1826518 .0965741 -1.89 0.059 -.3719335 .0066299<br />
club | .1380023 .1222276 1.13 0.259 -.1015595 .377564<br />
coop | -.040205 .1930921 -0.21 0.835 -.4186586 .3382486<br />
extcont | .1762547 .112696 1.56 0.118 -.0446255 .3971349<br />
chewa | -.1470395 .1988246 -0.74 0.460 -.5367285 .2426496<br />
ngoni | -.0761561 .1917863 -0.40 0.691 -.4520504 .2997382<br />
tumb | .0176262 .1942392 0.09 0.928 -.3630756 .398328<br />
lomw | -.089999 .1965554 -0.46 0.647 -.4752405 .2952426<br />
yawo | -.1152073 .1831193 -0.63 0.529 -.4741145 .2437<br />
distroad | .0500577 .1181076 0.42 0.672 -.1814289 .2815443<br />
radio | .0918288 .1022771 0.90 0.369 -.1086306 .2922883<br />
tv | .0515057 .4801151 0.11 0.915 -.8895026 .9925141<br />
bike | -.0342985 .1013302 -0.34 0.735 -.232902 .164305<br />
mbike | 7.760963 296879.7 0.00 1.000 -581865.7 581881.3<br />
reg1 | -.1653387 .1783722 -0.93 0.354 -.5149418 .1842644<br />
reg2 | -.1702906 .157538 -1.08 0.280 -.4790594 .1384783<br />
-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------<br />
_cut1 | 3.042196 .8603625 (Ancillary parameters)<br />
_cut2 | 3.432705 .8616464<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
change | Probability Observed<br />
-------------+-------------------------------------<br />
1 | Pr( xb+u
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