Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...
Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ... Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...
Table 5.7 – Percentage of households and percentage of total income by income source and expenditure group Expenditure quintile Poorest 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Richest Percentage of households that receive income from: Wages from ag. work 41 47 39 25 29 Wages from other work 18 16 16 16 22 Non-farm self-employ. 46 39 32 35 47 Crop Sales 44 66 70 69 69 Livestock/poultry sales 29 32 34 30 43 Remittances 20 28 35 28 30 Pension, gifts, social assist 1 7 2 6 5 Other 3 5 5 5 8 Percentage of total income from each source: Wages from ag. work 9 8 5 5 1 Wages from other work 12 10 12 17 25 Non-farm self-employ. 30 15 19 15 30 Crop Sales 29 41 52 49 29 Livestock/poultry sales 10 4 4 6 4 Remittances 6 9 4 5 5 Pension, gifts, social assist 0.5 10 0.5 1 1 Other 2 3 3 3 3 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. Table 5.8 – Percentage of households and percentage of total income by income source and farm size group Farm size quintile Smallest 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Largest Percentage of households that receive income from: Wages from ag. work 45 41 32 30 28 Wages from other work 21 16 15 15 23 Non-farm self-employ. 41 36 44 38 43 Crop Sales 30 63 73 76 84 Livestock/poultry sales 25 27 33 44 42 Remittances 32 27 26 37 18 Pension, gifts, social assist 6 2 5 6 4 Other 4 6 6 5 2 Percentage of total income from each source: Wages from ag. work 9 8 2 3 2 Wages from other work 19 14 12 10 30 Non-farm self-employ. 40 15 21 24 17 Crop Sales 15 39 49 50 39 Livestock/poultry sales 2 4 8 5 5 Remittances 11 6 3 4 4 Pension, gifts, social assist 2 7 1 1 1 Other 3 7 2 3 0.5 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. 279
Table 5.9 – Farm Characteristics by Region Regions North Center South Total Average No. of plots owned 4 3 3 3 Average plot size in ha 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 Average farm size in ha 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.4 Average time needed to get from residence to field (in minutes) 13 21 16 18 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. Table 5.10 – Farm characteristics by farm size Farm size quintile Smallest 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Largest Average No. of plots owned 2 3 3 4 5 Average plot size in ha 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 Average farm size in ha 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.8 3.0 Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. Table 5.11 – Time allocation to various activities by gender Activities Percent of male time in a 24-hour day Percent of female time in a 24-hour day Food Crop Production 17 16 Cash Crop Production 9 7 Other Farm Production 5 3 Buying & Selling Crops 4 2 Other non-farm employment 13 4 Leisure 11 10 Personal time 37 37 Household work 3 12 Collecting firewood 0.8 5 Collecting water 0.2 4 Note: Male is defined as the male head in the household and the female is the most active female in the household. Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi Smallholder Farmer Survey, 1998. 280
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Table 5.9 – Farm Characteristics by Region<br />
Regions<br />
North Center South Total<br />
Average No. of plots owned 4 3 3 3<br />
Average plot size in ha 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5<br />
Average farm size in ha 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.4<br />
Average time needed to get from residence to field (in minutes) 13 21 16 18<br />
Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi <strong>Smallholder</strong> Farmer Survey, 1998.<br />
Table 5.10 – Farm characteristics by farm size<br />
Farm size quintile<br />
Smallest 2 nd 3 rd 4 th Largest<br />
Average No. of plots owned 2 3 3 4 5<br />
Average plot size in ha 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6<br />
Average farm size in ha 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.8 3.0<br />
Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi <strong>Smallholder</strong> Farmer Survey, 1998.<br />
Table 5.11 – Time allocation to various activities by gender<br />
Activities<br />
Percent of male time<br />
in a 24-hour day<br />
Percent of female time<br />
in a 24-hour day<br />
Food Crop Production 17 16<br />
Cash Crop Production 9 7<br />
Other Farm Production 5 3<br />
Buying & Selling Crops 4 2<br />
Other non-farm employment 13 4<br />
Leisure 11 10<br />
Personal time 37 37<br />
Household work 3 12<br />
Collecting firewood 0.8 5<br />
Collecting water 0.2 4<br />
Note: Male is defined as the male head in the household and the female is the most active<br />
female in the household.<br />
Source: IFPRI/APRU Malawi <strong>Smallholder</strong> Farmer Survey, 1998.<br />
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