Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...

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Table 4.1.156-Value of household assets by sex of head (FCFA/household) Sex of household head Male Female Chairs 7,267 5,020 Tables 4,171 3,544 Beds 16,285 9,267 Other furniture 8,482 7,720 Heater/oven 2,862 4,934 Radio/CD player 13,597 6,312 TV/VCR 5,085 0 Sewing machine 2,825 3,477 Bicycle 30,827 26,728 Motorbike 81,738 11,318 Car/truck 41,720 49,370 Refrigerator 834 0 Other assets 14,900 0 Total 230,592 127,690 Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.157-Percent of households owning household assets by expenditure category Expenditure category (quintile) Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Total Chairs 44% 55% 66% 64% 74% 60% Tables 41% 57% 64% 68% 79% 62% Beds 49% 56% 65% 71% 75% 63% Other furniture 76% 66% 67% 67% 58% 67% Heater/oven 12% 14% 17% 27% 39% 22% Radio/CD player 43% 52% 59% 62% 75% 58% TV/VCR 1% 4% 2% 6% 10% 5% Sewing machine 7% 3% 6% 6% 7% 6% Bicycle 65% 65% 72% 71% 62% 67% Motorbike 11% 29% 23% 27% 38% 26% Car/truck 0% 0% 1% 1% 5% 1% Refrigerator 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% Other assets 23% 47% 46% 57% 49% 44% Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. 193
Table 4.1.158-Value of household assets by expenditure category (FCFA/household) Expenditure category (quintile) Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Chairs 3,550 5,174 6,797 8,062 12,218 Tables 1,440 3,702 3,713 5,282 6,568 Beds 9,863 11,782 12,400 18,843 26,830 Other furniture 3,225 4,656 7,120 7,646 19,621 Heater/oven 1,388 2,720 2,237 4,268 4,205 Radio/CD player 6,391 10,227 11,978 16,983 20,630 TV/VCR 1,532 2,011 5,573 2,854 12,248 Sewing machine 3,043 1,243 3,368 3,345 3,304 Bicycle 26,121 30,220 31,102 36,430 29,237 Motorbike 31,092 67,047 74,226 85,398 133,702 Car/truck 0 2,010 13,855 13,368 181,788 Refrigerator 0 603 0 0 3,363 Other assets 4,671 21,720 3,033 23,648 17,605 Total 92,316 163,115 175,402 226,127 471,320 Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.159-Source of assets Purchased by husband Purchased by wife Source Purchased jointly Other Total Chairs 79% 3% 12% 5% 100% Tables 85% 1% 8% 6% 100% Beds 83% 1% 12% 4% 100% Other furniture 72% 12% 10% 6% 100% Heater/oven 35% 58% 3% 4% 100% Radio/CD player 92% 1% 4% 2% 100% TV/VCR 99% 1% 100% Sewing machine 72% 6% 13% 8% 100% Bicycle 90% 1% 6% 4% 100% Motorbike 97% 1% 2% 100% Car/truck 93% 7% 100% Refrigerator 100% 100% Other assets 91% 1% 8% 100% Total 82% 6% 8% 4% 100% Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. 194
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IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL MARKET REFOR
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - INTRO
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5.1.10 Expenditure patterns .......
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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgr
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villageois, (GV)) was needed as the
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CHAPTER 2: POLICY BACKGROUND FOR BE
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2.3 Evolution of Economic Policy 2.
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Under pressure from the World Bank
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anking system has been restored to
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Fertilizer can be imported outside
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particularly urban wage-earners. On
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Soulé (1996) describes the evoluti
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led to a more sustainable agricultu
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Table 2.4 - Gross farm revenue from
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Malawi’s economy is heavily depen
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the reduction of its operations in
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crops is also difficult because tob
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Table 3.1 CROP 1982/83 1983/84 1984
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CHAPTER 4: RESULTS OF THE BÉNIN SM
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where W v is the weight for a house
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heads. This suggests that some of t
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And school attendance is much highe
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Crop production is the main activit
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(33 percent). Livestock income is m
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Somewhat surprisingly, the relation
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It is no more common among richer h
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production, and women actually spen
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Seed use by crop Although only 18 p
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Looking at the results by departmen
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Ouémé presents an unusual case: j
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Market prices have significant effe
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policies of SONAPRA to discourage
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crops are responsible for this incr
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Respondents were asked whether the
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Female-headed households, not surpr
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households are not considered credi
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In almost every category of agricul
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This discussion implies that farms
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eturns per hectare and labor-intens
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farm household and tends to be smal
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Surprisingly, the value of sales as
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Finally, proximity to an all-season
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Changes in crop marketing In this s
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Poor households are more likely to
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it is clear that virtually all grow
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production to total expenditure is
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a significant number of household (
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non-food spending. These are follow
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Larger farms are associated with hi
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This would not be surprising in lig
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Female-headed households appear to
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poorest expenditure category to jus
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headed household were more likely t
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Households in every expenditure cat
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An important result of this analysi
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oad network, although those citing
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questions posed by the IFPRI-LARES
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With regard to cotton marketing, al
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Village leaders were asked to ident
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Marketing patterns Village leaders
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4.3: Results of the Bénin Survey o
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4.3.2 Survey methods At the time of
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officers have CM2 certificates. Thi
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Suppliers The GV representatives we
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Cotton area per GV ranges from 145
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The largest cost items are schools
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members and 10 percent of the membe
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Table 4.1.1-Description of sample o
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Table 4.1.7-Age, education, and lit
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Table 4.1.13-Ethnic background of h
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Table 4.1.19-Importance of each sou
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Table 4.1.25-Number of plots and ar
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Table 4.1.31-Land tenure by expendi
Page 150 and 151: Table 4.1.37-Change in labor alloca
Page 152 and 153: Table 4.1.42-Seed use by sex of hea
Page 154 and 155: Table 4.1.47-Perceived change in av
Page 156 and 157: Table 4.1.54-Share of producers of
Page 158 and 159: Table 4.1.59-Fertilizer use by farm
Page 160 and 161: Table 4.1.64-Characteristics of fer
Page 162 and 163: Table 4.1.69-Change in fertilizer a
Page 164 and 165: Table 4.1.75-Allocation of labor by
Page 166 and 167: Table 4.1.82-Allocation of labor by
Page 168 and 169: Table 4.1.89-Change in credit avail
Page 170 and 171: Table 4.1.94-Percent of households
Page 174 and 175: Table 4.1.102-Area allocation by cr
Page 176 and 177: Table 4.1.106-Area allocation by cr
Page 178 and 179: Table 4.1.110-Marketed share of out
Page 180 and 181: Table 4.1.114-Marketed share of out
Page 182 and 183: Table 4.1.117-Regression for market
Page 184 and 185: Table 4.1.120-Change in the type of
Page 186 and 187: Table 4.1.128-Perceived change in r
Page 188 and 189: Table 4.1.135-Main reason for stori
Page 190 and 191: Table 4.1.140-Summary of food expen
Page 194 and 195: Table 4.1.144-Food consumption by e
Page 196 and 197: Table 4.1.149-Results of regression
Page 198 and 199: Table 4.1.152-Value of household as
Page 202 and 203: Table 4.1.160-Housing characteristi
Page 204 and 205: Table 4.1.162-Housing characteristi
Page 206 and 207: Table 4.1.165-Main source of water
Page 208 and 209: Table 4.1.170-Source of information
Page 210 and 211: Table 4.1.176-Source of information
Page 212 and 213: Table 4.1.181-Regression for percei
Page 214 and 215: Table 4.2.5-Change in number of veh
Page 216 and 217: Table 4.2.12-Availability and sourc
Page 218 and 219: Table 4.2.21-Number of GFs per vill
Page 220 and 221: Table 4.2.30-Percentage of villages
Page 222 and 223: Table 4.2.34-Distribution of villag
Page 224 and 225: Table 4.3.1-Distribution of GVs by
Page 226 and 227: Table 4.3.9-Number of each type of
Page 228 and 229: Table 4.3.12-Percentage of secretar
Page 230 and 231: Table 4.3.19-Distribution of GVs by
Page 232 and 233: Table 4.3.24-Percentage of inputs s
Page 234 and 235: Table 4.3.32-Average value of curre
Page 236 and 237: Table 4.3.40-Percentage of GVs in w
Page 238 and 239: CHAPTER 5 - RESULTS FROM THE MALAWI
Page 240 and 241: The weights are used to calculate a
Page 242 and 243: On average, around 20 percent of th
Page 244 and 245: agricultural work. Other less commo
Page 246 and 247: 5.1.4 Time allocation In Malawi, as
Page 248 and 249: attributed it to the fact that fert
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insignificant. The coefficient on t
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As in the results from the previous
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most important sources of input on
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applied for credit compared to 20 p
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less than 1 mt per ha which are fai
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5.1.9 Agricultural marketing Market
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Households that belong to a club al
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most important contractors are the
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indicates that the extent of povert
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wheat, and fruits and nuts, a highe
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Surprisingly, the education of the
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Housing characteristics The overwhe
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It was also important to find out w
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Surprisingly, tobacco growers are m
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Over three-quarter of the EPAs repo
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The changes in the number and types
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5.2.11 Storage Facilities On averag
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Table 5.2 - Household characteristi
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Table 5.7 - Percentage of household
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Table 5.12 - Farm labor use and all
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Table 5.15 - Determinants of the de
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Table 5.17 - Sources of fertilizer
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Table 5.22 - Access and use of cred
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Table 5.25 - Percent of households
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Table 5.34 - Crop disposal by type
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Table 5.38 - Determinants of Market
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Table 5.42 - Summary of expenditure
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Table 5.45 - Food consumption by so
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Table 5.51 - Food consumption by ex
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Table 5.56 - Determinants of per ca
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Table 5.59 Percent of households ow
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Table 5.62 - Characteristics of the
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Table 5.68 - Determinants of percei
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Table 5.71 - Average yields per cro
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Table 5.77 - Changes in the availab
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Figure 5.1 Distribution of househol
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Figure 5.7 - Percentage of Househol
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CHAPTER 6 - SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AN
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Fertilizer Half of the far
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Regression analysis indicates that
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Among those seeing improvement, the
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Agricultural markets Three quart
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The economic reforms have boosted p
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department. The farms with very lit
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Strengthen the extension service by
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The most time-consuming agricultura
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Most common means of transport to t
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Small farmers in Malawi are mainly
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households have less assets and les
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Place more serious efforts to impro
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REFERENCES Ahoyo Adjovi, N.R. and F
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