Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...

Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ... Impact Of Agricultural Market Reforms On Smallholder Farmers In ...

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Table 4.1.31-Land tenure by expenditure category (% of area) Expenditure category (quintile) Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Total Own 74% 68% 65% 63% 67% 67% Sharecrop 1% 0% 1% 0% 1% 1% Rent 6% 9% 3% 3% 7% 5% Use without pay 13% 12% 13% 11% 7% 11% Common property 5% 11% 18% 22% 16% 15% Other 1% 1% 0% 1% 1% 1% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.32-Acquisition of owned land by department (% of area) Department Atacora Atlantique Borgou Mono Ouémé Zou Total Inherited/donation 100% 78% 65% 87% 62% 90% 81% Purchased . 21% 0% 13% 36% 8% 9% Other 0% 1% 35% 0% 2% 2% 10% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.33-Source of water by department (% of area) Department Atacora Atlantique Borgou Mono Ouémé Zou Total Rain water 100% 100% 99% 91% 73% 98% 96% Irrigation . 0% 7% 0% 0% 1% 1% Bas-fond . 1% 2% 26% 2% 3% 3% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Source: IFPRI-LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.34-Allocation of labor by sex and season (hours) Adult male Adult female Rainy Dry Average Rainy Dry Average Agricultural production 7.6 4.2 4.9 2.7 4.9 7.6 Post-harvest activities 1.4 2.4 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.4 Non-agricultural work 2.0 3.3 2.1 3.1 2.6 2.0 Leisure 3.3 4.2 1.9 2.2 3.0 3.3 Personal time 9.2 9.3 8.6 8.7 9.0 9.2 Household work .2 .2 2.8 2.8 1.5 .2 Fuelwood collection .2 .3 1.2 1.2 .7 .2 Water collection .1 .2 .9 1.3 .6 .1 Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 Source: IFPRI/LARES Small Farmer Survey. 141

Table 4.1.35-Allocation of labor by sex and department (hours) Department Atacora Atlantique Borgou Mono Ouémé Zou Average Adult male Agricultural production 5.7 6.4 7.0 6.0 4.7 5.7 5.9 Post-harvest activities 2.0 2.7 1.6 2.4 1.6 1.3 1.9 Non-agricultural work 2.8 3.1 2.0 2.0 4.7 1.8 2.7 Leisure 3.4 2.6 4.4 3.5 3.0 5.1 3.8 Personal time 9.4 9.0 8.6 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.2 Household work .1 .1 .2 .3 .4 .2 .2 Fuelwood collection .5 .1 .1 .4 .2 .2 .3 Water collection .2 .0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 Adult female Agricultural production 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.3 2.3 4.3 3.8 Post-harvest activities 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.1 2.4 1.4 1.7 Non-agricultural work 2.4 3.6 1.5 2.8 4.5 1.3 2.6 Leisure 1.4 1.5 2.7 1.7 1.6 3.1 2.1 Personal time 8.4 8.2 8.0 9.0 8.9 9.1 8.7 Household work 2.7 2.4 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 Fuelwood collection 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.3 .8 1.2 1.2 Water collection 1.3 .9 1.5 1.0 .8 1.1 1.1 Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 Source: IFPRI/LARES Small Farmer Survey. Table 4.1.36-Allocation of labor by sex and expenditure category (hours) Expenditure category (quintile) Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Average Adult male Agricultural production 5.8 5.7 6.3 6.0 5.6 5.9 Post-harvest activities 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.9 Non-agricultural work 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.8 3.2 2.7 Leisure 3.8 4.0 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.8 Personal time 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.3 9.1 9.2 Household work .3 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 Fuelwood collection .4 .3 .2 .2 .1 .3 Water collection .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 Adult female Agricultural production 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.5 3.8 Post-harvest activities 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.7 Non-agricultural work 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6 3.3 2.6 Leisure 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 Personal time 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.8 8.6 8.7 Household work 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8 Fuelwood collection 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 Water collection 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1 Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 Source: IFPRI/LARES Small Farmer Survey 142

Table 4.1.35-Allocation of labor by sex and department (hours)<br />

Department<br />

Atacora Atlantique Borgou Mono Ouémé Zou Average<br />

Adult male<br />

<strong>Agricultural</strong> production 5.7 6.4 7.0 6.0 4.7 5.7 5.9<br />

Post-harvest activities 2.0 2.7 1.6 2.4 1.6 1.3 1.9<br />

Non-agricultural work 2.8 3.1 2.0 2.0 4.7 1.8 2.7<br />

Leisure 3.4 2.6 4.4 3.5 3.0 5.1 3.8<br />

Personal time 9.4 9.0 8.6 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.2<br />

Household work .1 .1 .2 .3 .4 .2 .2<br />

Fuelwood collection .5 .1 .1 .4 .2 .2 .3<br />

Water collection .2 .0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1<br />

Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0<br />

Adult female<br />

<strong>Agricultural</strong> production 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.3 2.3 4.3 3.8<br />

Post-harvest activities 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.1 2.4 1.4 1.7<br />

Non-agricultural work 2.4 3.6 1.5 2.8 4.5 1.3 2.6<br />

Leisure 1.4 1.5 2.7 1.7 1.6 3.1 2.1<br />

Personal time 8.4 8.2 8.0 9.0 8.9 9.1 8.7<br />

Household work 2.7 2.4 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8<br />

Fuelwood collection 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.3 .8 1.2 1.2<br />

Water collection 1.3 .9 1.5 1.0 .8 1.1 1.1<br />

Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0<br />

Source: IFPRI/LARES Small Farmer Survey.<br />

Table 4.1.36-Allocation of labor by sex and expenditure category (hours)<br />

Expenditure category (quintile)<br />

Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Average<br />

Adult male<br />

<strong>Agricultural</strong> production 5.8 5.7 6.3 6.0 5.6 5.9<br />

Post-harvest activities 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.9<br />

Non-agricultural work 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.8 3.2 2.7<br />

Leisure 3.8 4.0 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.8<br />

Personal time 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.3 9.1 9.2<br />

Household work .3 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2<br />

Fuelwood collection .4 .3 .2 .2 .1 .3<br />

Water collection .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1<br />

Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0<br />

Adult female<br />

<strong>Agricultural</strong> production 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.5 3.8<br />

Post-harvest activities 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.7<br />

Non-agricultural work 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6 3.3 2.6<br />

Leisure 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1<br />

Personal time 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.8 8.6 8.7<br />

Household work 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8<br />

Fuelwood collection 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2<br />

Water collection 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1<br />

Total 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0<br />

Source: IFPRI/LARES Small Farmer Survey<br />

142

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