An Economic Assessment of Banana Genetic Improvement and ...

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44 CHAPTER 4 Table 4.2 Names of the superior bananas disseminated by the Kagera Community Development Programme Cultivar Year multiplied Exotic/ hybrid Origin On-farm tested 1. FHIA01 1998 Hybrid Honduras 1997 2. FHIA02 1998 Hybrid Honduras 1997 3. FHIA03 1998 Hybrid Honduras 1997 4. FHIA17 1998 Hybrid Honduras 1999 5. FHIA18 2000 Hybrid Honduras No 6. FHIA21 2000 Hybrid Honduras No 7. FHIA23 2000 Hybrid Honduras 1999 8. FHIA25 2000 Hybrid Honduras No 9. FHIA22 2000 Hybrid Honduras No 10. AACV Rose 1998 Hybrid Honduras 1999 11. Yangambi Km 5 1998 Landrace DRC 1997 12. Pisang Ceylon 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 13. Pisang Berlin 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 14. IC2 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 15. Pelipita 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 16. Saba 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 17. Cardaba 1998 Hybrid IITA 1999 18. Pisang Sipuru 1998 Hybrid IITA No 19. Bita3 1998 Hybrid IITA No 20. SH3436-9 1998 1999 21. Paka 1998 Hybrid IITA No 22. SH3640 2000 Hybrid IITA No 23. Kamaramasenge 2000 Exotic Rwanda No 24. CRBP 2000 Hybrid — No 25. KCDP1 2000 Hybrid — No Notes: DRC is the Democratic Republic of Congo; IITA is the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture; KCDP is the Kagera Community Development Programme. The — signifies not known. tion, multiplication, and dissemination of planting materials of new banana cultivars. The imported in vitro plants were hardened at Kyakairabwa nursery (mother garden) near Bukoba Town. All in vitro plants were supplied by the INIBAP Transit Centre, based at the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. By July 2002, about 71,000 in vitro plants from 25 different banana cultivars had been imported in Kagera Region (Weerdt 2003). The 25 banana cultivars are shown in Table 4.2. here> 4.2near
here> 4near 4.e IMPROVED BANANA CULTIVARS AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 45 Table 4.3 Estimated quantities of planting material (numbers of suckers) supplied to farmers during the Kagera Community Development Programme Year Direct diffusion Indirect diffusion Total number of suckers 1997 1,352 0 1,352 1998 2,330 2,684 5,014 1999 20,285 12,712 32,997 2000 101,420 78,706 180,126 2001 151,588 438,878 590,466 2002 150,333 390,797 541,130 Total 427,308 923,777 1,351,085 Source: KCDP (2002). Table 4.4 Percentage of survey farmers obtaining information about banana management practices, by source of information Information source Percentage of farmers Formal sources 61.26 Nongovernmental organizations 22.91 Government extension 42.76 Researchers 9.89 Other farmers 90.49 Mass media 25.70 Radio 24.03 Publications 2.83 Source: Katungi (2006). Note: Percentages do not total 100 because farmers receive information from more than one source. farming system zones and acceptable to specific communities or categories of households. These include FHIA01, Yangambi Km 5, Pelipita, SH3436-9, FHIA17, and FHIA23. Further monitoring on their field performance was recommended for these cultivars, however. Other cultivars (for example, FHIA02, FHIA03, Cardaba, Pisang Berlin, Pisang Ceylon, and AACV Rose) proved less appealing, because they were not tolerant of local pests and diseases. Further multiplication and dissemination of these cultivars was not recommended (Nkuba, Ndege, and Mkulila 2002). KCDP involved nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), primary schools, district departments of agriculture, and some individual progressive farmers in the establishment of nurseries and multiplication of superior bananas. Because KCDP supplied farmyard manure and paid laborers, multiplication of these bananas was successful and proceeded rapidly. KCDP began to distribute planting material of superior bananas to farmers by the end of 1997 free of charge, later charging only 100 Tsh per sucker. Among the people of this region, banana suckers are traditionally exchanged free of charge, and thus, few farmers were willing to pay for them. According to the project report, an estimated 1 million banana suckers had diffused among farmers in Kagera Region by the year 2002 (Table 4.3). These high numbers were achieved through direct (nursery-to-farmer) and indirect (farmer-to-farmer) diffusion (Gallez et al. 2002). In direct diffusion, farmers obtain new planting materials from multiplication, trials, or demonstrations. The numbers reported in Table 4.3 do not reflect observed transfers to or among farmers, but are estimated numbers of suckers available for planting based on a rate of two to three suckers per mat planted in the previous year. Dissemination of Manage ment Practices in Uganda Three types of mechanisms have been used in the dissemination of banana cultivars and management practices recommended by NARO (Tushemereirwe et al. 2003) in Ugandan villages: (1) formal sources (the extension services—government, NGOs, and onfarm research), (2) other farmers, and (3) mass media. Farmers surveyed by Katungi (2006) were asked about their sources of information for the practices they know about. Responses are summarized in Table 4.4.
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An Economic Assessment of Banana Ge
Page 3 and 4:
Contents List of Tables List of Fig
Page 5 and 6:
Tables 3.1 Net marketing margins pe
Page 7 and 8:
TABLES vii 6.5 Characteristics of h
Page 9 and 10: Figures 2.1 Sample domain: Elevatio
Page 11 and 12: Acknowledgments The International F
Page 13 and 14: SUMMARY xiii en’s education--and
Page 15 and 16: Acronyms and Abbreviations AGT ARDI
Page 17: Part I. Research Methods
Page 20 and 21: 4 CHAPTER 1 practices in Africa are
Page 22 and 23: 6 CHAPTER 1 periment station. Not a
Page 24 and 25: 8 CHAPTER 1 niques (based on seed p
Page 26 and 27: 10 CHAPTER 1 Cohen, J. I., and R. P
Page 28 and 29: CHAPTER 2 Elements of the Conceptua
Page 30 and 31: 14 CHAPTER 2 ples of adoption disco
Page 32 and 33: 16 CHAPTER 2 transgenic bananas cur
Page 34 and 35: 18 CHAPTER 2 Figure 2.2 Sites sampl
Page 36 and 37: 20 CHAPTER 2 Figure 2.4 Time profil
Page 39: Part II. Research Context
Page 42 and 43: here> 1near 3. 26 CHAPTER 3 major f
Page 44 and 45: 28 CHAPTER 3 disease, which affects
Page 46 and 47: here> 1near 3. 30 CHAPTER 3 Table 3
Page 48 and 49: 32 CHAPTER 3 Table 3.2 Banana produ
Page 50 and 51: 34 CHAPTER 3 would only be able to
Page 52 and 53: 36 CHAPTER 3 Nkonya, E., J. Pender,
Page 54 and 55: here> 1near 4. 38 CHAPTER 4 cash ne
Page 56 and 57: 40 CHAPTER 4 Figure 4.1 Introductio
Page 58 and 59: 42 CHAPTER 4 Research Introductions
Page 62 and 63: 46 CHAPTER 4 The most widely used m
Page 64 and 65: 48 CHAPTER 4 Ortíz, R., and D. Vuy
Page 66 and 67: here> 5.3near here>
Page 68 and 69: 52 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.4 Percentage o
Page 70 and 71: 54 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.7 Percentage o
Page 72 and 73: here> 9near 5. here> 10near 5. 56 C
Page 74 and 75: here> 12near 5. 58 CHAPTER 5 Table
Page 76 and 77: 60 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.14 Number and
Page 78 and 79: here> 18near 5. 62 CHAPTER 5 Table
Page 80 and 81: 64 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.20 Average num
Page 82 and 83: 66 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.23 Percentage
Page 84 and 85: 68 CHAPTER 5 Table 5.26 Average dis
Page 86 and 87: 70 CHAPTER 5 considerably higher in
Page 89: Part III. Economic Assessment of Te
Page 92 and 93: 76 CHAPTER 6 The agricultural house
Page 94 and 95: 78 CHAPTER 6 grow, but have grown i
Page 96 and 97: 80 CHAPTER 6 Table 6.2 Summary stat
Page 98 and 99: 82 CHAPTER 6 tion. More frequent vi
Page 100 and 101: 84 CHAPTER 6 Table 6.4 Prototype ho
Page 102 and 103: 86 CHAPTER 6 Table 6.5 Characterist
Page 104 and 105: 88 CHAPTER 6 References Cameron, A.
Page 106 and 107: 90 CHAPTER 7 by-products of other f
Page 108 and 109: here> 1near 7. 92 CHAPTER 7 Table 7
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94 CHAPTER 7 ity in the two technol
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96 CHAPTER 7 Table 7.2 Definition o
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98 CHAPTER 7 The direct link betwee
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100 CHAPTER 7 Table 7.3 Factors inf
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102 CHAPTER 7 tive sign but are onl
Page 120 and 121:
104 CHAPTER 7 fertility management
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106 CHAPTER 7 participatory decisio
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108 CHAPTER 7 Stevens, J. P. 2002.
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110 CHAPTER 8 defined as a function
Page 128 and 129:
112 CHAPTER 8 inputs or implement c
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114 CHAPTER 8 Crop output is determ
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116 CHAPTER 8 Table 8.1 Variable de
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here> 8.6near here> 8.2near 8.3nea
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120 CHAPTER 8 Table 8.4 Production
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122 CHAPTER 8 during the SOM decomp
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124 CHAPTER 8 Supplementary Tables
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126 CHAPTER 8 Table 8A.3 Production
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128 CHAPTER 8 Thomas, G. W. 1982. E
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130 CHAPTER 9 (Nkuba et al. 1999).
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132 CHAPTER 9 be reduced through la
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134 CHAPTER 9 Table 9.2 Summary sta
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136 CHAPTER 9 Table 9.3 Coefficient
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138 CHAPTER 9 Table 9.4 Mean compar
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140 CHAPTER 9 References Anandajaya
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142 CHAPTER 10 Table 10.1 Ugandan c
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144 CHAPTER 10 (Kangire and Rutherf
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146 CHAPTER 10 Table 10.4 Predomina
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here> 7near 10. 148 CHAPTER 10 Tabl
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150 CHAPTER 10 Table 10.8 Present v
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152 CHAPTER 10 In terms of specific
Page 171:
Part IV. Conclusions
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158 CHAPTER 11 in cooking, brewing
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160 CHAPTER 11 sumption and income
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162 CHAPTER 11 4. 5. for which the
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APPENDIX A Banana Taxonomy for Ugan
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BANANA TAXONOMY FOR UGANDA 167 Tabl
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BANANA TAXONOMY FOR UGANDA 169 Tabl
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BANANA TAXONOMY FOR TANZANIA 171 Ta
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BANANA TAXONOMY FOR TANZANIA 173 Ta
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APPENDIX C Use of Improved Banana V
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DETAILS OF SAMPLE SURVEY DESIGN 177
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Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
VILLAGE SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN UGANDA
Page 201 and 202:
List of Principal Authors and Contr
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS 187 rigation, and
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