Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
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<strong>Facing</strong> China’s <strong>Coal</strong> <strong>Future</strong>: Prospects and Challenges for CCS © OECD/<strong>IEA</strong> 2011<br />
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Climate Change<br />
<strong>China's</strong> Policies and<br />
Actions for Addressing<br />
Climate Change (2008)<br />
Guide for CCS Science and<br />
Technology Development<br />
promote CCS research, development and demonstration. This was listed as one of the<br />
key tasks of GHG mitigation technology development by advancing capacity building,<br />
and developing a CCS technology roadmap and programmmes for demonstration of CO 2<br />
utilisation and storage.<br />
On 29 October 2008, the State Council Information Office published a White Paper<br />
entitled <strong>China's</strong> Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change. It listed “Research<br />
of CCS technology" as one of China’s policies and actions to mitigate climate change<br />
and indicated that China will advance the use of cleaner coal and develop efficient and<br />
clean power-generating technology, such as large-scale combined cycle units and polygeneration,<br />
to promote technology for carbon dioxide sequestration.<br />
An initiative developed by MOST outlines CCS R&D goals in 2020 and 2030, identifying<br />
major tasks for capture, storage, transportation and utilisation technology development<br />
and determines near-term priority projects under national science and technology<br />
programmes.<br />
China’s 12th Five-Year Plan In March 2011, China’s 12 th Five-Year Plan (FYP) was released establishing CO 2<br />
emissions reduction targets and further supports the development of advanced fossil fuel<br />
and low carbon technologies and RD&D as a means to reduce CO 2 emissions.<br />
China’s Policies and<br />
Actions for Addressing<br />
Climate Change (2011)<br />
On November 2011, the State Council Information Office published an updated White<br />
Paper on <strong>China's</strong> Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change in advance of<br />
COP17. The paper emphasises key climate actions of the 12th FYP and guidance on the<br />
National Plan to Address Climate Change (2011-2020). The paper highlights the<br />
importance China places on expanding key cooperation and R&D initiatives including<br />
CCS, and development of low carbon technology roadmaps. It also details 12th FYP<br />
commitments to emissions trading markets and low carbon pilot projects.<br />
Source: PRC Information Office of the State Council and Chinese government publications.<br />
China’s first CCS policy efforts began with a series of central government policies led by the<br />
National Development and Reform Commission, China’s leading policy‐making institution along<br />
with MOST. These policies focus on supporting CCS R&D within national science and technology<br />
programmes. China’s Medium and Long‐term National Plan for Science and Technology<br />
Development (2006‐20) noted that CCS was an important frontier technology. In 2007, China<br />
issued its National Climate Change Programme, which aims to strengthen the development and<br />
dissemination of advanced technologies. A large portion of this programme focuses on<br />
developing coal gasification and systems including CCUS technologies (NDRC, 2007).<br />
As mentioned earlier, in 2007, MOST issued China’s Scientific and Technological Actions on<br />
Climate Change (MOST et al., 2007), an initiative developed in conjunction with 13 of the many<br />
government institutions involved in energy policy and administration (Figure 7). Under this<br />
initiative, projects in China of over USD 100 million must go through project approvals. In the<br />
case of storage projects, requirements must be approved by the National Development and<br />
Reform Comission, the National Energy Administration and the Ministry of Land Resources.<br />
In line with broad policy priorities established in the five‐year plan and related energy planning,<br />
further development of CCS will require legislative action at top‐level bodies, including the State<br />
Council, the National People’s Congress and ministries with jurisdiction across several industrial<br />
sectors and areas. Provincial, local and municipal bodies will also be essential to specific projectapproval<br />
processes, as will engaging local stakeholders throughout the planning, feasibility and<br />
approval stages, to avoid projects being derailed late in the process.<br />
Municipal and local authorities in China have led significant efforts in developing low‐carbon and<br />
clean‐energy projects within their jurisdictions. Given the complexities of industry sectors and<br />
geological and environmental considerations, engagement at the local level will be important for<br />
CCS project development in China and globally.