Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
Facing China's Coal Future - IEA
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© OECD/<strong>IEA</strong> 2012 <strong>Facing</strong> China’s <strong>Coal</strong> <strong>Future</strong><br />
Prospects and Challenges for Carbon Capture and Storage<br />
Potential for CCS globally and in China<br />
Global role of CCS<br />
Many governments and organisations now recognise the potential contribution of CCS to global<br />
climate change mitigation efforts. But, as highlighted in this report, key questions remain. The<br />
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that CCS could help reduce global<br />
GHG stabilisation costs by 30% or more during this century, in a portfolio of technologies<br />
including renewable energy, nuclear energy, energy conservation and energy efficiency (IPCC,<br />
2005) (Figure 5). Under the <strong>IEA</strong> BLUE Map Scenario, which calls for CO 2 emissions from the<br />
energy sector to be reduced by 50% from 2005 levels by 2050, it is anticipated that CCS could<br />
contribute about 19% of total emissions reduction or 9.1 GtCO 2 in 2050 (<strong>IEA</strong>, 2010b). CCS may<br />
have the potential to achieve significant emissions reductions because, other than efficiency<br />
improvements, it is the only near‐commercial technology solution that can address CO 2 emissions<br />
from large‐scale fossil‐fuel power plants and other industrial facilities.<br />
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Figure 5 Key technologies for reducing global CO 2 emissions<br />
Source: <strong>IEA</strong>, 2010b.<br />
The contribution of CCS to emissions reduction would increase from 3% of total reduced volume<br />
in 2020 to 10% in 2030 and 19% in 2050. In this scenario, CCS would thus become the technology<br />
providing the single biggest share of emissions reduction. If China continues on a course to high<br />
fossil‐fuel usage, CCS must play an important role in the total emissions mitigation effort.<br />
In recognition of the important contribution CCS may make to global CO 2 mitigation and energy<br />
security, the Group of Eight (G8) committed in 2008 to launching 20 large‐scale (> 1 MtCO 2 /yr)<br />
integrated CCS demonstration projects by 2010, with broad deployment by 2020. In 2009, the<br />
Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate (MEF) issued its Technology Action Plan: Carbon<br />
Capture, Use and Storage in support of a similar commitment (MEF, 2009). While the 2010 target<br />
has been missed, considerable project activity is underway globally. Large‐scale CCS deployment