Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ...

58 CHAPTER 3. STATE OF THE ART
models must be expressed in RDF format and based on ATHOS metamodel. Moreover,
the full semantic annotation in OWL expressions are not supported yet.
3.5 Requirements for Semantic Annotation Systems
Based on the above survey, we have identified a list of requirements for a semantic
annotation system, some of which we are targeting in our work.
1. The system should be able to present and parse annotation source models which
are originally in certain formats and representations.
2. The system should provide an ontology browser for the overview and manipulation
of ontological knowledge.
3. Semantic annotation schema or metadata should be supplied (pre-defined) or
generated (ontology-based) by the system.
4. The annotation procedure should be easily manipulated by users with the system,
i.e. easy to locate "annotatee" (e.g. entity in source model) and "annotater" (e.g.
concept in ontology) during the annotation.
5. The system should support the maintenance of annotation results (e.g. embedded
vs. stand-off annotation).
6. Multiple-ontology references (e.g. different levels of ontologies) might be supported
in the system.
7. Different types of annotations (e.g. instance identification, URI links, and other
semantic relationships) might be supported.
8. Semi-automation or automation of annotation might be considered in the system.
9. The system might be able to serialize annotation for reuse of annotation results
in different systems.
10. It might be possible to conduct semantic inference among ontology-based semantic
annotations.
3.6 Summary
In this chapter, we has investigated the diversity of the modeling constructs defined in
a number of existing business process modeling languages. The modeling constructs
have been categorized according to the process perspectives. The categories illuminates
the possibility to map the modeling constructs between different modeling languages
in each process perspective. We have also surveyed a number of different process
ontologies. Through the survey, we have compared the ontological representations of
process perspectives in different process ontologies. The comparison results provide
some principles of ontological representations of a process ontology which we can apply
in our process ontology proposal for the semantic annotation purpose.