Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ...
Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ... Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ...
94 CHAPTER 6. PRO-SEAT (PROCESS SEMANTIC ANNOTATION TOOL) As an output of the system, the annotation result is stored in an OWL instance file, separately from the original process model. 6.1.1 Process modeling environment — Metis Metis is an enterprise modeling environment. Metis provides a Metis Architect including: • Model Browser. Provides end-users with ability to view (read-only) models published on the Internet or local area network. • Model Annotator. Model reviewers can offer comments and feedback in "sticky note" style. Annotated models provide an easily accessed audit of proposed model changes and decisions. • Model Editor. Creates visual models from enterprise data and can accommodate change on a detailed, operational level to assure information relevancy. It also allows users to publish models to a web server. • Model Designer. Targets the more advanced modelers responsible for visual display and dynamic behavior of models, objects, and relationships. • Model Developer. Offers a powerful development tool for advanced developers who need to create, adapt, or extend objects, relationships, and search criteria within a meta-model template. • Data Import Facility. Allow users to visually model how external data should be imported into Metis. Metis is a family of integrated products for visual model development and publishing plus a repository. Metis is a XML modeling tool and all models and meta-models are stored in an XML repository. The entire tool is configured by XML Schemas, and can be used to create or extend XML Schemas. The point-and-click publishing capability produces Web-browsable XML graphical models and views [51]. The XML files of models which are created in Metis are the inputs to Pro-SEAT. Therefore, Pro-SEAT should provide support to parse and read Metis generated models. 6.1.2 Ontology modeling environment — Protégé-OWL editor The Protégé-OWL editor is an extension of Protégé [147] that supports the Web Ontology Language(OWL). The Protégé-OWL editor enables users to load and save OWL and RDF ontologies; edit and visualize classes, properties and SWRL rules [202]; define logical class characteristics as OWL expressions; execute reasoners such as description logic classifiers; edit OWL individuals for Semantic Web markup [148]. We make use of the Protégé-OWL editor as the ontology modeling environment to model the GPO, the domain ontology and the goal ontology. Those onologies are then saved in OWL files which will be loaded in the annotation tool. The annotation results — PSAM models generated from the annotation tool are in OWL. The results can be loaded in Protégé-OWL editor so that we can use Protégé-OWL editor to edit, visualize, and reason on the PSAM models independent from the annotation tool.
6.1. COMPONENTS OF PROTOTYPE ENVIRONMENT 95 6.1.3 System modules in the semantic annotation tool — Pro-SEAT Pro-SEAT includes a module to read and display the Metis process models as the source of process knowledge. Because meta-models and models generated by Metis are both in XML format, an XML parser is needed when reading models. There are several XML parsers available. Since it is a prototype, we did not examine the performance of different parsers at this stage. We chose XML DOM Parser from JAXP [179] to parse meta-models and models into DOM tree nodes, so that meta-models and models are displayed in a tree view. Besides, profile and meta-model annotation results are exported in XML format and they will be parsed when being loaded. Figure 6.1: System modules of the prototype In order to keep the Metis model structures and also facilitate the manipulation of models, a module of constructing parsed data into Metis model structures is developed in the system. In the module, a set of Java Classes and Interfaces are defined which follow the data structures of Metis. An ontology management module is required for loading, parsing and manipulating OWL ontologies using the Protégé-OWL API [146]. The Protégé-OWL API is an opensource Java library for the Web Ontology Language and RDF(S). The API provides classes and methods to load and save OWL files, to query and manipulate OWL data models, and to perform reasoning [146]. By applying the Protégé-OWL API, we can have the Protégé ontology browser and the ontology selection panel integrated in Pro- SEAT. The PSAM model generated from a meta-model annotation file is an OWL file, and the annotation results are stored as instances of this OWL file. We can use the same module of handling the OWL ontology to open and save the annotation results. The central modules of the system are those realizing the annotation phases defined in the semantic annotation framework: profile annotation module, meta-model annotation module, model annotation module, and goal annotation module. The main functions of those modules are connecting models and ontologies through semantic relationships which are defined as annotation properties in PSAM. The annotation results are saved respectively in a profile annotation result file, a meta-model annotation result file and a PSAM file.
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6.1. COMPONENTS OF PROTOTYPE ENVIRONMENT 95<br />
6.1.3 System modules in the semantic annotation tool — Pro-SEAT<br />
Pro-SEAT includes a module to read and display the Metis process models as the source<br />
<strong>of</strong> process knowledge. Because meta-models and models generated by Metis are both<br />
in XML <strong>for</strong>mat, an XML parser is needed when reading models. There are several<br />
XML parsers available. Since it is a prototype, we did not examine the per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />
<strong>of</strong> different parsers at this stage. We chose XML DOM Parser from JAXP [179] to<br />
parse meta-models and models into DOM tree nodes, so that meta-models and models<br />
are displayed in a tree view. Besides, pr<strong>of</strong>ile and meta-model annotation results are<br />
exported in XML <strong>for</strong>mat and they will be parsed when being loaded.<br />
Figure 6.1: System modules <strong>of</strong> the prototype<br />
In order to keep the Metis model structures and also facilitate the manipulation <strong>of</strong><br />
models, a module <strong>of</strong> constructing parsed data into Metis model structures is developed<br />
in the system. In the module, a set <strong>of</strong> Java Classes and Interfaces are defined which<br />
follow the data structures <strong>of</strong> Metis.<br />
An ontology management module is required <strong>for</strong> loading, parsing and manipulating<br />
OWL ontologies using the Protégé-OWL API [146]. The Protégé-OWL API is an opensource<br />
Java library <strong>for</strong> the Web Ontology Language and RDF(S). The API provides<br />
classes and methods to load and save OWL files, to query and manipulate OWL data<br />
models, and to per<strong>for</strong>m reasoning [146]. By applying the Protégé-OWL API, we can<br />
have the Protégé ontology browser and the ontology selection panel integrated in Pro-<br />
SEAT. The PSAM model generated from a meta-model annotation file is an OWL file,<br />
and the annotation results are stored as instances <strong>of</strong> this OWL file. We can use the<br />
same module <strong>of</strong> handling the OWL ontology to open and save the annotation results.<br />
The central modules <strong>of</strong> the system are those realizing the annotation phases defined<br />
in the semantic annotation framework: pr<strong>of</strong>ile annotation module, meta-model<br />
annotation module, model annotation module, and goal annotation module. The main<br />
functions <strong>of</strong> those modules are connecting models and ontologies through semantic relationships<br />
which are defined as annotation properties in PSAM. The annotation results<br />
are saved respectively in a pr<strong>of</strong>ile annotation result file, a meta-model annotation result<br />
file and a PSAM file.
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