Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ...
Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ... Semantic Annotation for Process Models: - Department of Computer ...
vi CONTENTS 7.5.2 Semantic reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 7.5.3 Simple walkthrough examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 7.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 III Evaluation 127 8 Quality Evaluation of the Method 129 8.1 Evaluation Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 8.2 Setting for the Quality Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 8.2.1 SEQUAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 8.2.2 The facts corresponding to the quality categories from the exemplar studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 8.3 Quality Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 8.3.1 Quality evaluation of GPO and PSAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 8.3.2 Quality analysis of the annotation model instances . . . . . . . . 136 8.3.3 Quality evaluation of Pro-SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 8.4 Requirements Satisfaction of the Semantic Annotation System . . . . . 140 8.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 9 Validation of Applicability 143 9.1 Validation Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 9.1.1 Application requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 9.1.2 SWRL rules and tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 9.2 SWRL Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 9.2.1 Formalizing RE1 - Navigation requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 9.2.2 Formalizing RE2 - Search requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 9.2.3 Formalizing RE3 - Semantic check requirements . . . . . . . . . 147 9.2.4 Formalizing RE4 - Knowledge discovery requirements . . . . . . 148 9.3 Applicability Validation in an Integration Application . . . . . . . . . . 151 9.4 Discussion on Results of the Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 9.4.1 Automatic vs. manual annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 9.4.2 Model analysis based on semantic relationships . . . . . . . . . . 159 9.4.3 Detecting missing annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 9.4.4 Semantic validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 9.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 IV Synopsis 163 10 Conclusions and Future Work 165 10.1 Research Questions and Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 10.2 Summary of the Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 10.3 Limitations and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
CONTENTS vii V Appendices 171 A BPMN 173 A.1 BPMN Elements Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 A.2 Flow Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 A.2.1 Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 A.2.2 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 A.2.3 Gateways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 A.3 Connecting Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 A.3.1 Sequence flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 A.3.2 Message flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 A.3.3 Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 A.4 Swimlanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 A.4.1 Pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 A.4.2 Lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 A.5 Artifacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 A.5.1 Data Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 A.6 BPMN meta-model tree in Metis 5.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 B EEML 2005 179 B.1 Process Modeling Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 B.1.1 Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 B.1.2 Decision Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 B.1.3 Milestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 B.1.4 Resource role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 B.2 Recourses Modeling Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 B.3 EEML modeling relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 B.4 EEML 2005 in Metis 5.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 C SCOR 183 C.1 Level 1 Process Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 C.2 Level 2 Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 C.3 Level 3 Process Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 D Algorithm for Goal Annotation 189 E GUI of Pro-SEAT 197 F Analysis of Exemplar Studies 203 F.1 Semantic Annotation with SCOR ontology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 F.2 Integration Application Based On Semantic Annotation . . . . . . . . . 205 G Schema of PSAM and SWRL Rules 209 G.1 PSAM in OWL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 G.2 Rule Definitions in SWRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
- Page 1 and 2: Yun Lin Semantic Annotation for Pro
- Page 3: To MY BELOVED HUSBAND HAO DING AND
- Page 6 and 7: ii The proposed approach has been i
- Page 8 and 9: iv CONTENTS 3 State of the Art 31 3
- Page 12 and 13: viii CONTENTS H PSAM Annotation Res
- Page 14 and 15: x LIST OF FIGURES 6.1 System module
- Page 16 and 17: xii LIST OF FIGURES
- Page 18 and 19: xiv LIST OF TABLES
- Page 20 and 21: xvi PREFACE My tremendous gratitude
- Page 23 and 24: Chapter 1 Introduction Business pro
- Page 25 and 26: 1.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND RESEARCH
- Page 27 and 28: 1.4. APPROACH AND SCOPE 7 1.4.1 Sem
- Page 29 and 30: 1.6. MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS 9 1.6 Majo
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- Page 45 and 46: 2.5. BUSINESS PROCESS MODEL 25 2.5
- Page 47 and 48: 2.6. PROCESS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 2
- Page 49 and 50: 2.7. SUMMARY 29 • Creation or imp
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vi<br />
CONTENTS<br />
7.5.2 <strong>Semantic</strong> reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121<br />
7.5.3 Simple walkthrough examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123<br />
7.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126<br />
III Evaluation 127<br />
8 Quality Evaluation <strong>of</strong> the Method 129<br />
8.1 Evaluation Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129<br />
8.2 Setting <strong>for</strong> the Quality Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129<br />
8.2.1 SEQUAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130<br />
8.2.2 The facts corresponding to the quality categories from the exemplar<br />
studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133<br />
8.3 Quality Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134<br />
8.3.1 Quality evaluation <strong>of</strong> GPO and PSAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134<br />
8.3.2 Quality analysis <strong>of</strong> the annotation model instances . . . . . . . . 136<br />
8.3.3 Quality evaluation <strong>of</strong> Pro-SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139<br />
8.4 Requirements Satisfaction <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Semantic</strong> <strong>Annotation</strong> System . . . . . 140<br />
8.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141<br />
9 Validation <strong>of</strong> Applicability 143<br />
9.1 Validation Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143<br />
9.1.1 Application requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144<br />
9.1.2 SWRL rules and tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145<br />
9.2 SWRL Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146<br />
9.2.1 Formalizing RE1 - Navigation requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . 146<br />
9.2.2 Formalizing RE2 - Search requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146<br />
9.2.3 Formalizing RE3 - <strong>Semantic</strong> check requirements . . . . . . . . . 147<br />
9.2.4 Formalizing RE4 - Knowledge discovery requirements . . . . . . 148<br />
9.3 Applicability Validation in an Integration Application . . . . . . . . . . 151<br />
9.4 Discussion on Results <strong>of</strong> the Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158<br />
9.4.1 Automatic vs. manual annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158<br />
9.4.2 Model analysis based on semantic relationships . . . . . . . . . . 159<br />
9.4.3 Detecting missing annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159<br />
9.4.4 <strong>Semantic</strong> validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161<br />
9.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162<br />
IV Synopsis 163<br />
10 Conclusions and Future Work 165<br />
10.1 Research Questions and Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165<br />
10.2 Summary <strong>of</strong> the Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168<br />
10.3 Limitations and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
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