Lectures notes for 2010 - KTH

More documents

Recommendations

Info

IP-in-IP Encapsulation In-in-IP vs. Minimal encapsulation - the major difference is the first puts the whole IP packet inside another, while the later tries to only put a minimal header inside along with the original data portion of the IP packet. For details see • IP Encapsulation within IP, RFC 2003 [2] • Minimal Encapsulation within, IP RFC 2004 [3] Maguire IP-in-IP Encapsulation 11: 28 of 50 maguire@kth.se 2010.03.21 Internetworking/Internetteknik
Tunneling IP Datagrams Both home agents and foreign agents (v4) must support tunneling datagrams using IP-in-IP encapsulation and decapsulation. MNs that use a co-located COA must also support decapsulation (v6). IP in IP tunnel HA Home Agent FA Foreign Agent MN Mobile Node V4 IP in IP tunnel HA Home Agent MN Mobile Node V4,V6 Maguire Tunneling IP Datagrams 11: 29 of 50 maguire@kth.se 2010.03.21 Internetworking/Internetteknik
Page 1 and 2:
IK1550 Internetworking/Internettekn
Page 3 and 4:
Internetworking....................
Page 5 and 6:
Virtual Interface (VIF)............
Page 7 and 8:
Module 2: IP Basics: Routing, ARP,
Page 9 and 10:
Wireshark’s IO Graph functionalit
Page 11 and 12:
ICMP Redirect .....................
Page 13 and 14:
Building a UDP packet from scratch
Page 15 and 16:
Module 5: TCP, HTTP, RPC, NFS, X...
Page 17 and 18:
Problems with multiple connections.
Page 19 and 20:
Module 6: SCTP ....................
Page 21 and 22:
Module 7: Dynamic Routing .........
Page 23 and 24:
BGP Open Message ..................
Page 25 and 26:
IGMP Implementation Details........
Page 27 and 28:
Capacity Assignment ...............
Page 29 and 30:
Network Management Systems ........
Page 31 and 32:
Module 10: IPv6 ...................
Page 33 and 34:
Why IPv6? .........................
Page 35 and 36:
Wireless WANs . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 37 and 38:
Module 12: IPSec, VPNs, Firewalls,
Page 39 and 40:
Module 13: Future and Summary......
Page 41 and 42:
Peer to peer networking ...........
Page 43 and 44:
Module 14: Some exercises..........
Page 45 and 46:
Welcome to the Internetworking cour
Page 47 and 48:
Goals, Scope and Method Goals of th
Page 49 and 50:
Learning Outcomes Following this co
Page 51 and 52:
Prerequisites • Datorkommunikatio
Page 53 and 54:
Topics • What an internet is and
Page 55 and 56:
Grades: A..F (ECTS grades) • To g
Page 57 and 58:
Written Assignment Goal: to gain an
Page 59 and 60:
Literature The course will mainly b
Page 61 and 62:
Lecture Plan Subject to revision!
Page 63 and 64:
Context of the module Communication
Page 65 and 66:
How can we deal with all of these d
Page 67 and 68:
Basic concepts open-architecture ne
Page 69 and 70:
Internetworked Architecture H … M
Page 71 and 72:
Trends: Shifting from traditional t
Page 73 and 74:
IP traffic growing exponentially! T
Page 75 and 76:
Growth rates Some people think the
Page 77 and 78:
Increasing Data Rates “Ethernet
Page 79 and 80:
The Internet Today Local … Local
Page 81 and 82:
Implicit vs. Explicit Information V
Page 83 and 84:
Encapsulation Appl header user data
Page 85 and 86:
• Transport layer • Port number
Page 87 and 88:
IP “Protocol” field (RFC 1700)
Page 89 and 90:
Decimal Keyword Protocol References
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Basic communication mechanism: data
Page 97 and 98:
Common Used Simple Services Name TC
Page 99 and 100:
Simple Campus Network WAN ISP’s r
Page 101 and 102:
How important are switches vs. rout
Page 103 and 104:
Ethernet Encapsulation (RFC 894) DS
Page 105 and 106:
IEEE 802 Numbers of Interest “…
Page 107 and 108:
SLIP Problems ⇒CSLIP ≡ Compress
Page 109 and 110:
PPP: Point to Point Protocol PPP (R
Page 111 and 112:
PPP summary • support for multipl
Page 113 and 114:
Loopback interface summary • loop
Page 115 and 116:
Using VIF for tunneling TCP UDP ...
Page 117 and 118:
Figure 16: Start the program, then
Page 119 and 120:
Figure 18: After capturing some pac
Page 121 and 122:
Figure 19: Export the captured traf
Page 123 and 124:
Importing in to a Microsoft Excel 1
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 22: Final step -- Note that
Page 127 and 128:
Using a Perl script #!/usr/bin/perl
Page 129 and 130:
Choosing which columns to display F
Page 131 and 132:
Figure 26: Save your parameters and
Page 133 and 134:
Classful addressing Classically the
Page 135 and 136:
Special Case IP Addresses IP Addres
Page 137 and 138:
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CID
Page 139 and 140:
IP address assignments Internet Ser
Page 141 and 142:
Problems with the dual functions of
Page 143 and 144:
Standardization Organizations The m
Page 145 and 146:
W. Richard Stevens • Born in Luan
Page 147 and 148:
[12] Van Jacobson, "If a Clean Slat
Page 149 and 150:
IP Basics Outline • IP Routing: D
Page 151 and 152:
Routing The internet protocols are
Page 153 and 154:
Forwarding • Next-Hop method - ro
Page 155 and 156:
Forwarding module A simplified view
Page 157 and 158:
Fast forwarding Mikael Degermark, A
Page 159 and 160:
where ddd is some numeric value. Ro
Page 161 and 162:
Host routing A host either: • kno
Page 163 and 164:
Combining layers Many devices now c
Page 165 and 166:
What to do with a new computer? We
Page 167 and 168:
ARP ≡ Address Resolution Protocol
Page 169 and 170:
Address Resolution Cache Since you
Page 171 and 172:
ARP example 2 B FTPd C resolver (1)
Page 173 and 174:
Gratuitous ARP Host sends a request
Page 175 and 176:
ARP - as seen with ethereal Time So
Page 177 and 178:
RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Pr
Page 179 and 180:
RARP server Someone has to know the
Page 181 and 182:
Novel IPX/SPX Addresses Another app
Page 183 and 184:
tcpdump Under HP-UX 11.0 # ./tcpdum
Page 185 and 186:
Tools Used: tcpdump Program tcpdump
Page 187 and 188:
Maguire Wireshark (formerly Etherea
Page 189 and 190:
Tools Used: sock Program • A simp
Page 191 and 192:
#include #include #include #incl
Page 193 and 194:
Wireshark’s IO Graph functionalit
Page 195 and 196:
Interarrival delay and variance Fig
Page 197 and 198:
Summary This lecture we have discus
Page 199 and 200:
[10] Gianluca Insolvibile, “The L
Page 201 and 202:
• IP • ICMP • Useful Diagnost
Page 203 and 204:
checksum, and options fields. Magui
Page 205 and 206:
MTU½≡Maximum Transmission Unit M
Page 207 and 208:
Fields relevant to Fragmentation
Page 209 and 210:
Serial line throughput At 9,000 bit
Page 211 and 212:
7 {ECN Capable Transport (ECT) and
Page 213 and 214:
Precedence Precedence values are de
Page 215 and 216:
Precendence and telephony systems S
Page 217 and 218:
TTL field Time To Live (TTL) (8 bit
Page 219 and 220:
IPv4 Options • IPv4 options were
Page 221 and 222:
Categories of IP Options • Single
Page 223 and 224:
ICMP Port Unreachable Error Example
Page 225 and 226:
PING: Packet InterNet Groper or son
Page 227 and 228:
On a HP-UX 11.0 machine: ping -ov w
Page 229 and 230:
Useful Tool: Traceroute Programs De
Page 231 and 232:
This lecture we have discussed: •
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Transport layer protocols The trans
Page 237 and 238:
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) • Da
Page 239 and 240:
UDP Checksum and Pseudo-Header •
Page 241 and 242:
Port numbers in three groups Range
Page 243 and 244:
Fragmentation Required If datagram
Page 245 and 246:
• on a BSDI system: • each of t
Page 247 and 248:
With an even larger UDP packet I re
Page 249 and 250:
Datagram truncation What if the app
Page 251 and 252:
Learning about Socket programming F
Page 253 and 254:
UDP server design Stevens, Vol, 1,
Page 255 and 256:
Changed the client Changing the fol
Page 257 and 258:
if (!(proto = getprotobyname("raw")
Page 259 and 260:
ICMP Source Quench Error Since UDP
Page 261 and 262:
No error control Since UDP has no e
Page 263 and 264:
BOOTP continued When a request is s
Page 265 and 266:
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Pr
Page 267 and 268:
• Message - used by a server to p
Page 269 and 270:
DHCP’s importance • allows reus
Page 271 and 272:
Example of dhcpd.conf ### Managed b
Page 273 and 274:
Trivial File Transfer Procotol (TFT
Page 275 and 276:
Mapping names to IP addresses Host
Page 277 and 278:
Zones A zone is a subtree of the DN
Page 279 and 280:
(see Stevens, Vol. 1, figure 14.2,
Page 281 and 282:
Domain registrars Internet Corporat
Page 283 and 284:
Resource Records (RR) See Stevens,
Page 285 and 286:
Network names Conventions: • it.k
Page 287 and 288:
Example: $ORIGIN it.kth.se. @ 1D IN
Page 289 and 290:
How to give your host a name? Host
Page 291 and 292:
Configuring DNS • Configuring the
Page 293 and 294:
Load leveling [1] For example, f.ro
Page 295 and 296:
Where is f.root-servers.net ? trace
Page 297 and 298:
Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS) R
Page 299 and 300:
Attacks upon DNS • Denial of serv
Page 301 and 302:
DNS performance - top 100 From www.
Page 303 and 304:
Web performance - continued Using P
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Transport layer protocols • User
Page 311 and 312:
Applications which use TCP Lots of
Page 313 and 314:
TCP header continued Reliability is
Page 315 and 316:
time client SYN, seq=x SYN, seq=y,
Page 317 and 318:
client active close ACKs from clien
Page 319 and 320:
Maximum Segment Size • The Maximu
Page 321 and 322:
Window size Increasing window size
Page 323 and 324:
Silly Window Syndrome If receiver a
Page 325 and 326:
Disabling the Nagle Algorithm But s
Page 327 and 328:
Resulting bulk data flow Every segm
Page 329 and 330:
Congestion Avoidance So far we have
Page 331 and 332:
Slow start In 1989, Van Jacobson in
Page 333 and 334:
Round-Trip Time Measurement Fundame
Page 335 and 336:
Congestion Avoidance Algorithm Slow
Page 337 and 338:
Per-Route Metrics Newer TCPs keeps
Page 339 and 340:
TCP Keepalive Timer No data flows a
Page 341 and 342:
Long Fat Pipes Networks with large
Page 343 and 344:
Example of TCP behavior 1 1. Figure
Page 345 and 346:
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Page 347 and 348:
HTTP Requests request-line == reque
Page 349 and 350:
HTTP Response Codes HTTP 3-digit re
Page 351 and 352:
Server Redirect Response code 302,
Page 353 and 354:
Decrease in total time to produce a
Page 355 and 356:
HTTP Statistics Statistics for indi
Page 357 and 358:
HTTP Performance Problems HTTP open
Page 359 and 360:
Web Enabled Devices emWare - thin c
Page 361 and 362:
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Two ver
Page 363 and 364:
External Data Representation (XDR)
Page 365 and 366:
NFSspy Insert a new pointer in plac
Page 367 and 368:
nfsspy Initial implementations were
Page 369 and 370:
Often there are multiple NFS client
Page 371 and 372:
NFS Mount protocol Server can check
Page 373 and 374:
NFS over TCP Provided by some vendo
Page 375 and 376:
X Window System • Client-server a
Page 377 and 378:
X was optimized for use across LANs
Page 379 and 380:
Additional tools for watching TCP P
Page 381 and 382:
Transaction TCP (T/TCP) Piggyback a
Page 383 and 384:
References [1] Information Sciences
Page 385 and 386:
Transport layer protocols • User
Page 387 and 388:
SCTP Applications • Initial goal
Page 389 and 390:
• Type SCTP Chunk 0 7 8 15 16 23
Page 391 and 392:
INIT Chunk 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Typ
Page 393 and 394:
INIT ACK Chunk 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31
Page 395 and 396:
COOKIE ECHO Chunk 0 7 8 15 16 23 24
Page 397 and 398:
Data Chunk 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Typ
Page 399 and 400:
Selective Acknowledgement (SACK) Ch
Page 401 and 402:
Association Termination Two forms o
Page 403 and 404:
0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Type = 14 Flag
Page 405 and 406:
ethereal capture - daytime - INIT F
Page 407 and 408:
ethereal capture - daytime - COOKIE
Page 409 and 410:
ethereal capture - daytime - DATA F
Page 411 and 412:
ethereal capture - daytime - SHUTDO
Page 413 and 414:
ethereal capture - daytime - SHUTDO
Page 415 and 416:
HEARTBEAT and HEARTBEAT ACK Chunks
Page 417 and 418:
Differences from TCP Congestion Con
Page 419 and 420:
3 When retransmitting to a remote a
Page 421 and 422:
Forward Cumulative TSN Allows an en
Page 423 and 424:
SCTP Performance See the upcoming e
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
2002 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc330
Page 429 and 430:
• Dynamic Routing Protocols Outli
Page 431 and 432:
Routing Principles • Routing Mech
Page 433 and 434:
Processing Rouing daemon route comm
Page 435 and 436:
Autonomous systems (ASs) - RFC1930
Page 437 and 438:
Routing Algorithms • Static vs. D
Page 439 and 440:
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Page 441 and 442:
When are routes sent? Solicited res
Page 443 and 444:
Count to Infinity C network 1 netwo
Page 445 and 446:
Triggered updates and Hold-Downs To
Page 447 and 448:
Why would anyone use RIP? After all
Page 449 and 450:
IGRP Metrics • a vector of metric
Page 451 and 452:
IGRP Default Gateway Rather than us
Page 453 and 454:
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSP
Page 455 and 456:
OSPF building blocks 1. Hello proto
Page 457 and 458:
Hello packet 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 V
Page 459 and 460:
Link State Announcement (LSA) heade
Page 461 and 462:
Link state update packet 0 7 8 15 1
Page 463 and 464:
Link state acknowledgement packet 0
Page 465 and 466:
Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) an
Page 467 and 468:
Local vs. Transit traffic Local tra
Page 469 and 470:
BGP does not transmit metrics. Howe
Page 471 and 472:
Redistribution of Route Information
Page 473 and 474:
• Open • Update • Keepalive
Page 475 and 476:
BGP Update Message 0 7 8 15 16 23 2
Page 477 and 478:
BGP Notification Message 0 7 8 15 1
Page 479 and 480:
Federal Internet eXchange (FIX) A t
Page 481 and 482:
Global Internet eXchange (GIX) Glob
Page 483 and 484:
Network Access Points (NAPs) At the
Page 485 and 486:
Router Arbiter Project Router Arbit
Page 487 and 488:
Euro6IX The European IPv6 Internet
Page 489 and 490:
Flows A flow is defined as a “uni
Page 491 and 492:
A Tag Edge router labels a packet b
Page 493 and 494:
Creating tags Since tag switching d
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
[14] R. Hinden (Editor), “Applica
Page 499 and 500:
• Multicast • IGMP • RSVP Out
Page 501 and 502:
Broadcast and Multicast Traditional
Page 503 and 504:
Broadcasting • Limited Broadcast
Page 505 and 506:
Alternative centralized model CU-Se
Page 507 and 508:
IP Multicast scales well • End-no
Page 509 and 510:
Steve Deering’s Multicast Dynamic
Page 511 and 512:
Multicasting IP addresses Multicast
Page 513 and 514:
Converting Multicast Group to Ether
Page 515 and 516:
Problems Unfortunately many links d
Page 517 and 518:
How does IGMP fit into the protocol
Page 519 and 520:
IGMP Implementation Details In orde
Page 521 and 522:
IGMP Version 2 [3] Allows a host to
Page 523 and 524:
IGMP - ethereal Figure 7: IGMP pack
Page 525 and 526:
Frame 2: IGMP v2 Membership Report
Page 527 and 528:
Frame 15: IGMP v2 Leave Group Ether
Page 529 and 530:
Therefore a Multicast Router • Li
Page 531 and 532:
Multicast Routing - Flooding • ma
Page 533 and 534:
Multicast Routing - Spanning Trees
Page 535 and 536:
Reverse -Path Forwarding (RPF) RPF
Page 537 and 538:
Reverse Path Broadcast (RPB) • We
Page 539 and 540:
Distance-Vector Multicast Routing P
Page 541 and 542:
Core-Based Trees (CBT) A fixed poin
Page 543 and 544:
Multiprotocol BGP (MBGP) [10] Exten
Page 545 and 546:
Telesys class was multicast over MB
Page 547 and 548:
MBONE Chronology Nov. 1988 Small gr
Page 549 and 550:
For the some statistics see: http:/
Page 551 and 552:
mrouted mrouted UNIX deamon tunneli
Page 553 and 554:
GLOP addressing Traditionally multi
Page 555 and 556:
Other multicast efforts PGM: Pragma
Page 557 and 558:
SNMP-based tools and multicast rela
Page 559 and 560:
SNMP tools for working with multica
Page 561 and 562:
RSVP: Resource Reservation Setup Pr
Page 563 and 564:
Resource Reservation • Interarriv
Page 565 and 566:
Capacity Assignment • end-nodes a
Page 567 and 568:
RSVP Soft State • “soft state
Page 569 and 570:
RSVP operations (continued) • At
Page 571 and 572:
Argument against Reservation Given,
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
[13] B. Fenner and D. Meyer (Editor
Page 577 and 578:
• Network Management • SNMP •
Page 579 and 580:
Network Management Process Network
Page 581 and 582:
Version 1 SNMP Version 2 - in 1992-
Page 583 and 584:
SNMP • SNMPv1 • only 5 commands
Page 585 and 586:
Case Diagram To understand the rela
Page 587 and 588:
Remote MONitoring (RMON) [ RMON MIB
Page 589 and 590:
RMON1 Statistics Information collec
Page 591 and 592:
EtherStatsEntry ::= SEQUENCE { ethe
Page 593 and 594:
HostEntry ::= SEQUENCE { HostEntry
Page 595 and 596:
The Matrix Group Matrix group consi
Page 597 and 598:
Information collected from network
Page 599 and 600:
Network Management Systems • HP O
Page 601 and 602:
• Web based Interfaced Management
Page 603 and 604:
DMI 2.0 has three groups: • Compo
Page 605 and 606:
Common Information Model (CIM) •
Page 607 and 608:
Inter-domain Management task force
Page 609 and 610:
Applications • E-mail • E-mail
Page 611 and 612:
Deregulation ⇒ New regulations
Page 613 and 614:
Latency 1 Usability FAX relay/broad
Page 615 and 616:
Voice Gateway 2B+D or 30B+D or …
Page 617 and 618:
Fax Support Both store-and-forward
Page 619 and 620:
Cisco Voice Over IP Enables Cisco 3
Page 621 and 622:
2,400/4,800/7,200/9,600/14,400 bps
Page 623 and 624:
“The wireless workplace will soon
Page 625 and 626:
Carriers offering VOIP “Equant, a
Page 627 and 628:
Economics "Can Carriers Make Money
Page 629 and 630:
Patents Mixing voice and data in th
Page 631 and 632:
Deregulation ⇒ Trends • replaci
Page 633 and 634:
RTP: Real-Time Transport Protocol D
Page 635 and 636:
SIP: Session Initiation Protocol SI
Page 637 and 638:
SIP Invite 1 INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.
Page 639 and 640:
SIP Methods Method Invite Bye Optio
Page 641 and 642:
ENUM IETF’s E.164 Number Mapping
Page 643 and 644:
Web Services Using protocols built
Page 645 and 646:
Page 647 and 648:
Page 649 and 650:
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
Page 651 and 652:
• Wireless computers • supporti
Page 653 and 654:
Device Control • Control everyday
Page 655 and 656:
IPv6 header format version 4 bits C
Page 657 and 658:
Simplifications IPv6 builds on 20 y
Page 659 and 660:
Payload length Payload length is th
Page 661 and 662:
Extension headers • Each header i
Page 663 and 664:
Writing an IPv6 address The 128 bit
Page 665 and 666:
Binary prefix Hex. prefix Fraction
Page 667 and 668:
Interface ID Must be unique to the
Page 669 and 670:
Link local addresses Link local add
Page 671 and 672:
Permanently assigned groups For exa
Page 673 and 674:
Prefix for IPv6 documentation The I
Page 675 and 676:
IPv6 Routing • all standard routi
Page 677 and 678: Fragment header Next Header (8 bits
Page 679 and 680: intermediate relays on the way to t
Page 681 and 682: Security • Header Authentication
Page 683 and 684: IPv6 ICMP [13] Type (8 bits) Code (
Page 685 and 686: IPv6 ICMP Echo Request/Reply (PING)
Page 687 and 688: Summary of IPv6 ICMP • incorporat
Page 689 and 690: IPv6 Transition Mechanisms • Incr
Page 691 and 692: IPv6 networks 6Bone - http://www.6b
Page 693 and 694: If things are to be connected they
Page 695 and 696: Where are ISPs? “… There is evi
Page 697 and 698: This lecture we have discussed: •
Page 699 and 700: [13] A. Conta and S. Deering, “In
Page 701 and 702: IK1550 Internetworking/Internettekn
Page 703 and 704: Emerging Network Architecture H …
Page 705 and 706: Updating after a move Host name:
Page 707 and 708: Communication from Z to X γ Z C X
Page 709 and 710: Identification γ Z C Y B α γ Z C
Page 711 and 712: How did it know to send the “I am
Page 713 and 714: Getting Service Once it’s identit
Page 715 and 716: Alternative 1 Initially X is locate
Page 717 and 718: Alternative 3 Initially X is locate
Page 719 and 720: Alternative 4 continued Initially X
Page 721 and 722: What happens in the case of wireles
Page 723 and 724: Wireless WANs BS-a cell a BS-a cell
Page 725 and 726: Mobile IP Standardization Effort
Page 727: A Mobile-IP(V6) Scenario Home Agent
Page 731 and 732: Why Agent Discovery? Agent Discover
Page 733 and 734: Registration Message Format 0 8 16
Page 735 and 736: FA Requirements (v4) • Each FA mu
Page 737 and 738: Optimization Problem Home site Inte
Page 739 and 740: Mobile IP Problems and Development
Page 741 and 742: Wireless IP Network Architecture Ho
Page 743 and 744: HAWAII extension is similar to Cell
Page 745 and 746: Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunnel
Page 747 and 748: Hierarchical FA and Regional Tunnel
Page 751 and 752: IK1550 Internetworking/Internettekn
Page 753 and 754: Private networks Private Networks a
Page 755 and 756: Security Protocols, APIs, etc. •
Page 757 and 758: IPSec IPSec in three parts: • enc
Page 759 and 760: AH header For authentication purpos
Page 761 and 762: Where can you run IPSec? Mode Where
Page 763 and 764: Linux firewall For example, for the
Page 765 and 766: Proxy Access Through A Firewall ext
Page 767 and 768: Newping http://ftp.cerias.purdue.ed
Page 769 and 770: Secure Mailer (aka Postfix) Wietse
Page 771 and 772: • TCP Wrappers - allows monitorin
Page 773 and 774: Network Address Translation exterio
Page 775 and 776: Network Security Exercises You will
Page 779 and 780:
[13] Swedish Defense Material Admin
Page 781 and 782:
Page 783 and 784:
Generations of technology versus ge
Page 785 and 786:
Dissemination not conversation On s
Page 787 and 788:
Are interplanetary and intergalacti
Page 789 and 790:
Trends: Shifting from traditional t
Page 791 and 792:
Visualizing these laws 100 25000 80
Page 793 and 794:
Exponential growth As Ray Kurzweil
Page 795 and 796:
Is this only true for books? Chris
Page 797 and 798:
Too cheap to meter "It is not too m
Page 799 and 800:
What Would Google Do? Jeff Jarvis
Page 801 and 802:
Service Differentiation Integrated
Page 803 and 804:
Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) Ad
Page 805 and 806:
PC interfaces Standard I/O ports of
Page 807 and 808:
IP Storage Area Networks (SANs) Usi
Page 809 and 810:
• Internet SCSI (iSCSI) JBOD == J
Page 811 and 812:
“Beowulf-class” machines Using
Page 813 and 814:
Internet2 http://www.internet2.org/
Page 815 and 816:
Speed through Silicon FPGAs used in
Page 817 and 818:
Active Networks • Network nodes c
Page 819 and 820:
Smart Networks with Sensors (Ren an
Page 821 and 822:
Future of the Internet An important
Page 823 and 824:
Clean slate re-design of the Intern
Page 825 and 826:
Is an hourglass the right model? Ru
Page 827 and 828:
Wikinomics Don Tapscott and Anthony
Page 829 and 830:
Resource pooling examples Resource
Page 831 and 832:
What kinds of things might be inter
Page 833 and 834:
Vehicle Area Networks (VANs) Contro
Page 835 and 836:
• Vehicle maintenance: diagnostic
Page 837 and 838:
Buildings Heating, Ventilation, and
Page 839 and 840:
Infrastructure • Is their ice on
Page 841 and 842:
Is saying “Internet of xxx” mis
Page 843 and 844:
• Server and Network Bandwidth an
Page 845 and 846:
Evolution of new varieties of netwo
Page 847 and 848:
How do I know where I am? Location
Page 849 and 850:
Requirements • Systems with which
Page 851 and 852:
Badge Communications Model Badges a
Page 853 and 854:
Smart Badge Sensors Details of the
Page 855 and 856:
A view of the packaged badge As sho
Page 857 and 858:
Split the functions between access
Page 859 and 860:
Personal Computing and Communicatio
Page 861 and 862:
Future Systems Audio I/O GPS source
Page 863 and 864:
Non-metalic bi-directional neural i
Page 865 and 866:
Spotting trends at 1% Mark J. Penn
Page 867 and 868:
Further Reading [1] Kalevi Kilkki,
Page 869 and 870:
[23] Darwin Valderas Núñez, “In
Page 871 and 872:
Thanks Best wishes on your written
Page 873 and 874:
Internets - configuration 1 Figure
Page 875 and 876:
Adding a firewall and router Intern
Page 877 and 878:
Adding a WiMAX link Internets - con
Page 879:
Adding two-way multimedia Configura
show all

Lectures notes for 2010 - KTH

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?