draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley

2.3.7.3.2 Temporal Overlap: Point =pupekatu ‘when’ The VP-final enclitic =pupekatu
expresses the temporal overlap between the events described by two clauses, when those events may
be construed as points in time (e.g., see English ‘when’). In this construction, =pupekatu attaches
to the entire verb phrase of the supporting clause. It is attested only once in the ecclesiastical texts,
as in (2.63), and is not described by Veigl (1788). 91 However, it is highly productive in modern
Omagua.
(2.63) uyaw1R1 RauRiaRi aikiaRa tuyuka Ritama upapupekatu.
uyaw1R1
again
Ra= uRi =aRi aikiaRa tuyuka Ritama upa =pupekatu
3sg.ms= come =impf dem.prox.ms land village come.to.end =temp.ovrlp
‘He will come again when the Earth ends.’
(example (6.23b))
Although this morpheme appears to derive historically from two distinct morphemes, the instrumental
=pupe and the intensifier =katu, it is reconstructable to Proto-Omagua-Kokama as
*=pupekatu (cf., Kokama-Kokamilla -puka (Vallejos Yopán 2010a:642-644)).
2.3.7.3.3 Temporal Overlap: Period =kate ‘while’ The allative =kate (elsewhere a postpositional
enclitic that attaches to nouns (see Table 2.17)) expresses the temporal overlap between
the events described by two clauses, when those events may be construed as periods of time (e.g.,
see English ‘while’). In this construction, =kate attaches to the predicate of the supporting clause.
The construction is not attested in the ecclesiastical texts, but is in Veigl’s sketch of Old Omagua,
as in (2.64). 92
(2.64) a. ta cumessa cate
b. tacumessacate
c. takumesakate
ta= kumesa =kate
1sg.ms= speak =temp.ovrlp
latin: ‘dum loquor’ ∼ ‘in loquendo ego’
english: ‘while I speak’ ∼ ‘with me speaking’
(Veigl 1788:199)
In modern Omagua, this function is carried out by the enclitic =katikatu, as in (2.65). 93
(2.65) Modern Omagua
yap1tuka InI tanakamatausukatikatu.
yap1tuka
rest
InI tana= kamata =usu =katikatu
2sg 1pl.excl.ms= work =and =temp.ovrlp
91 Note that it is not apparent from the example in (2.63) that =pupekatu is attaching to the entire verb phrase.
Rather, our evidence for this syntactic distribution comes from modern Omagua, and we have no reason to believe
that the same distribution did not hold for Old Omagua as well.
92 Latin translations are those in Veigl’s original work; English translations are our own. See §3.1 for a discussion of
the format of (2.64), which we use throughout this work in presenting Old Omagua data.
93 Espinosa Pérez (1935:70) gives this form as . However, the reduplication of grammatical morphemes
(in this case =kati all), as is entailed by this form, is not attested in Old or modern Omagua, suggesting that
Espinosa Pérez may have been in error. The representation reflects a post-lexical phonological process
whereby k palatalizes following i.
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