draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
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2.3.6.4 Exact Similative maiRamania<br />
The form maiRamania has proven difficult to analyze because, on the one hand, it is not attested<br />
in modern Omagua or Kokama-Kokamilla, and on the other, its function and distribution vary<br />
slightly across its three attestations in Old Omagua. We tentatively analyze it as a similative that<br />
relates verb phrases and encodes exact identity between the comparata, based on the following,<br />
most straightforward example in (2.55), from the Lord’s Prayer. Note that here maiRamania occurs<br />
between the two VPs.<br />
(2.55) tenepeta tanu tanueRas1mamaikana maiRamania tanu tenepeta tanusawayaRakana<br />
tenepeta tanu tanu= eRa -s1ma =mai =kana<br />
forgive 1pl.excl.ms 1pl.excl.ms= good -core.neg =inact.nomz =pl.ms<br />
maiRamania<br />
exactly(.as)<br />
tanu<br />
1pl.excl.ms<br />
tenepeta<br />
forgive<br />
tanu=<br />
1pl.excl.ms=<br />
sawayaRa<br />
enemy<br />
=kana<br />
=pl.ms<br />
‘Forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us.’<br />
(example (4.5))<br />
In a functionally similar, but distributionally distinct example, maiRmania precedes the two<br />
comparata, as in (2.56). Here the comparata are nominal and are additionally conjoined via weRanu<br />
(see §2.3.6.1). Note that this is the only instance in which both comparata are marked with weRanu.<br />
(2.56) ene putaRi, tene Rayaw1k1 muRa maiRamania 1watimai RitamakatemaiRai weRanu, aikiaRa<br />
tuyuka Ritamakate weRanu.<br />
ene putaRi<br />
2sg desire(?)<br />
=kate<br />
=loc<br />
tene Ra=<br />
opt<br />
=mai<br />
=inact.nomz<br />
yaw1k1 muRa maiRamania 1wati =mai Ritama<br />
3sg.ms= do 3sg.ms exactly(.as) be.high.up =inact.nomz village<br />
=Ra =i weRanu aikiaRa tuyuka Ritama =kate weRanu<br />
=nom.fut =? coord dem.prox.ms land village =loc coord<br />
close: ‘Your desire, may he do it exactly like both that which will be in the high village<br />
and in this land village.’<br />
target: ‘...thy will be done, on Earth as it is in Heaven.’ 86<br />
(example (4.3))<br />
What is interesting about this example is that maiRamania does not appear to be necessary<br />
for coordination per se. We interpret the double occurrence <strong>of</strong> weRanu, which appears to derive a<br />
meaning <strong>of</strong> ‘both in X and in Y’, as fulfilling this functional requirement. Rather, the semantic<br />
contribution <strong>of</strong> maiRamania seems to be that <strong>of</strong> only encoding exact identity. In that vein, its<br />
different position in the clause also makes it look more adverbial in nature.<br />
A similar function and distribution can be seen in (2.57), in which maiRamania again is not<br />
involved in coordination. Here weRanu coordinates the three oblique NPs Rasawamukui, Rasuumukui<br />
and Rasu1mukui.<br />
(2.57) muRa jesucristo, Dios ta1Ra, aisetui Dios, aisetui awa, Rasawamukui Rasuumukui Rasu1mukui<br />
weRanu maiRamania.<br />
muRa jesucristo Dios ta1Ra aise -tui Dios aise -tui awa Ra= sawa<br />
3sg.ms Jesus.Christ God son.male.ego true -? God true -? man 3sg.ms= soul<br />
=mukui<br />
=com<br />
Ra=<br />
3sg.ms=<br />
suu<br />
body<br />
=mukui<br />
=com<br />
Ra=<br />
3sg.ms=<br />
su1<br />
blood<br />
86 Here we include both close and target translations for extra clarity.<br />
=mukui<br />
=com<br />
weRanu<br />
coord<br />
maiRamania<br />
exactly(.as)<br />
41
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