draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
draft manuscript - Linguistics - University of California, Berkeley
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2.3.6.2 Conjunction with Comitative =mukui<br />
The comitative postposition =mukui may adjoin to the last <strong>of</strong> a series <strong>of</strong> conjoined NPs, much like<br />
weRanu, as in (2.49).<br />
(2.49) 1watimai Ritama, aikiaRa tuyuka Ritama, upakatu maRainkanamukui, yaw1k1taRa, wakutataRa,<br />
yeneyaRasemai weRanu, muRiai Dios muRa.<br />
1wati =mai Ritama aikiaRa tuyuka Ritama upa =katu maRain<br />
be.high.up =inact.nomz village dem.prox.ms land village all =intsf thing<br />
=kana =mukui yaw1k1 -taRa wakuta -taRa yene= yaRa =semai<br />
=pl.ms =com make -act.nomz carry.in.arm -act.nomz 1pl.incl= master =verid<br />
weRanu muRia -i Dios muRa<br />
coord thus -? God 3sg.ms<br />
‘The Creator <strong>of</strong> Heaven, Earth and all things, the protector, and our true Lord as well, thus<br />
is God.’<br />
(example (5.2b))<br />
This strategy is only attested once in Old Omagua, with weRanu fulfilling the same function much<br />
more frequently. Recall that weRanu has fallen out <strong>of</strong> the modern language entirely. Synchronically,<br />
nominal coordination is most typically achieved via unmarked juxtaposition.<br />
2.3.6.3 Similative =ya<br />
Similarity between nominal referents is indicated via the nominal enclitic =ya, which appears following<br />
the plural marker =kana in (2.50).<br />
(2.50) Roaya miaRakanayakatu yenesuumukui Ranaumanu.<br />
Roaya<br />
neg<br />
miaRa =kana =ya =katu yene= suu =mukui Rana= umanu<br />
monkey =pl.ms =sim =intsf 1pl.incl= body =com 3pl.ms= die<br />
‘They [our souls] do not die with our bodies like animals.’<br />
(example (6.22b))<br />
a- kaRu -potat a- ke -potat =Ran<br />
1sg.erg-<br />
eat -desid 1sg.erg sleep -desid =coord<br />
‘I want to eat and sleep.’<br />
(Seki 2000:239)<br />
Both =we and =Ran co-occur in cases wherein one <strong>of</strong> a subset <strong>of</strong> conjoined NPs is realized post-verbally (i.e., in<br />
non-canonical position), an apparent focus strategy, as in (2.3). Note, however, that the function <strong>of</strong> weRanu in<br />
Old Omagua is not restricted to this limited syntactic environment, and in conjoining both NPs and VPs exhibits<br />
hybrid syntactic characteristics <strong>of</strong> both Kamaiurá =we and =Ran.<br />
(2.3) ojomonopawawa Rak moReRekwaRaweRan.<br />
o- jo-<br />
mono -paw =awa Rak moReRekwat -a =we =Ran<br />
3.ergrecip-<br />
send -cpl =pl ? chief -ref =coord =coord<br />
‘They all went, and the chief too.’<br />
(Seki 2000:248)<br />
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