The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation

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Content The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation – Project Report Introduction ........................................................................... The Working Approach of the Project ................................... Analysis of The Country Reports ........................................... General Conclusions .............................................................. Reports on Conflict History, on Civil Resistance to Conflicts, and on Reconciliation Work Report on Ex-Yugoslavia ........................................................ Report on Somalia ................................................................. Report on Rwanda ................................................................. Report on Israel ..................................................................... Report on Palestine I ............................................................. Report on Palestine II A Special View on Gaza ..................... Report on Women’s Peace initiatives in the Middle East ..... Interviews with Peace Activists Interview with Bosiljka Schedlich, Berlin ............................... Interview with Shukria Dini, Nairobi ....................................... Interview with Yolande Mukagasana, Kigali ........................... Interview with Molly Malekar, Jerusalem .............................. Interview with Lama Hourani, Ramallah ................................ Interview with Ghada Al-Jadba, Gaza .................................... Interview with Simone Susskind, Brussels ........................... Annex Project Concept ..................................................................... Key Points for Reporting on Conflicts/Wars .......................... Networks and Institutions ..................................................... Authors .................................................................................. 3 5 14 16 63 69 125 153 173 199 213 235 245 252 256 259 263 273 275 278 280 283 287
PROJECT REPORT THE CONTRIBUTION OF WOMEN TO PEACE AND RECONCILIATION INTRODUCTION BIRGIT DAIBER History of the Creation of the Project In December 2008, during the opening ceremony for the foundation of the strategic office of the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation in Brussels, sev - eral of the invitees gathered informally and talked about their experiences as peace and human rights activists: Bosiljka Schedlich of the Southeast European Cultural Centre in Berlin, who had worked against the war in Yugoslavia in the diaspora, and had initiated many psychological and social initiatives with traumatized war refugees; Molly Malekar of Bat-Shalom in Jerusalem, who had, since the founding of Jerusalem Link in 1994, maintained cooperation with Palestinian peace activists despite all the blockades and battles; Asha Haji Elmi from Somalia, who has recently received the Alternative Nobel Prize for her initiative Save the Somali Women and Children, and Birgit Daiber, head of the Brussels Office, who had participated in the peace initiatives against the first Iraq War (the Sheherazade Network), against the war in Yugoslavia and for peace in the Middle East. A very lively discussion emerged around the various initiatives and experiences, and soon the question arose: couldn’t we try to create a more continual working context? That in turn gave rize to the idea for the project “The Contribution of Women in Peace and Conflict Transformation”. The Brussels Office of the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation drafted an initial project outline, and other partners were also recruited: Yolande Mukagasana, author of the first documentations of the genocide in Rwanda (Mukgasana, 1997), Lama Hourani and later Ghada Al-Jadba from Palestine, and Simone Susskind, founder of many essential Euro-Mediterranean peace initiatives, especially Jerusalem Link and the International Women’s Committee (IWC). 5
Page 1 and 2: The Contribution of Women to Peace
Page 3: Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels
Page 7 and 8: tribunes and now at the Internation
Page 9 and 10: NGOs, but also through their own au
Page 11 and 12: Two world views: Peacebuilding and
Page 13 and 14: posing certain populations, raciall
Page 15 and 16: In the second work step, key questi
Page 17 and 18: so that in times of crisis, people
Page 19 and 20: confidence of the people, who frequ
Page 21 and 22: morial culture was to be forged, na
Page 23 and 24: in Bosnia-Herzegovina so far that t
Page 25 and 26: war, as the precondition for the pr
Page 27 and 28: of the conflicts have proven to be
Page 29 and 30: We can draw many lessons from the w
Page 31 and 32: mali elite, which competed with the
Page 33 and 34: The third stage, which I call warlo
Page 35 and 36: Shukria Dini concludes her report w
Page 37 and 38: To date, the women’s initiatives
Page 39 and 40: the expulsion of the Tutsi from Rwa
Page 41 and 42: In 1961, the destruction of the Tut
Page 43 and 44: against British facilities. The res
Page 45 and 46: Palestine There are no secrets in t
Page 47 and 48: At the same time, Lama Hourani reco
Page 49 and 50: tention for children with special n
Page 51 and 52: of the Golan Heights, the West Bank
Page 53 and 54: nations and clashes between the Isr
Page 55 and 56:
� “Collective trauma and the ep
Page 57 and 58:
has been an opportunity to exchange
Page 59 and 60:
In July 2005, at a strategic planni
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Israeli peace movement is a weak, c
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total of thirty resolutions of the
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Yugoslavia is to some extent an exc
Page 67 and 68:
Women’s networks show the effecti
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much of history remains alive in th
Page 71 and 72:
Expansionist Serbian nationalism de
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structured, and the monarch was giv
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The representative of the constitue
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small organization with only some 3
Page 79 and 80:
goslav state presented itself as th
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ered and led to painful realization
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longer returned to the countryside.
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the old national tensions. In the s
Page 87 and 88:
The Programme for the Long-Term Con
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No rational analysis which balanced
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erships made several suggestions du
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first free elections in June 1990.
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overwhelm the others. The Serbian l
Page 97 and 98:
change. In the underground and duri
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The anti-bureaucratic revolution wa
Page 101 and 102:
war in Bosnia-Herzegovina and to br
Page 103 and 104:
sary. Of course there were exceptio
Page 105 and 106:
in 1918, it had satisfied the needs
Page 107 and 108:
and intellectual elites who led the
Page 109 and 110:
their experiences in court, the UN
Page 111 and 112:
Resistance to the war in former Yug
Page 113 and 114:
At a few places in Croatia, several
Page 115 and 116:
of the Serbian government, and foun
Page 117 and 118:
Working conditions for women’s or
Page 119 and 120:
important war criminals, is creatin
Page 121 and 122:
Many came to südost. It was not po
Page 123 and 124:
was told about war and horror were
Page 125 and 126:
The on-going conflict in Somalia is
Page 127 and 128:
an effective strategy for the colon
Page 129 and 130:
men, who profited from their coloni
Page 131 and 132:
such as the liberation of Kuwait fr
Page 133 and 134:
opportunity to emerge from the viol
Page 135 and 136:
Ethiopia felt justified in military
Page 137 and 138:
The manner of holding such discussi
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political insecurities, debt and po
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in the crossfire between government
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and have been the ones covering the
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As in other conflict zones, women i
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cess was held in Djibouti, which le
Page 149 and 150:
Somali women used all kinds of crea
Page 151 and 152:
The road to peace for Somalia curre
Page 153 and 154:
The political administration of Rwa
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epresenting him. The God of Rwandan
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“equal pay for equal training and
Page 159 and 160:
Oct. 26, 1961: Grégoire Kayibanda
Page 161 and 162:
are sufficient, it would be enough
Page 163 and 164:
Western ideology: Ideology must her
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the period of the first two republi
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was even refined to the point of ad
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jority - an “ethnic” majority w
Page 171 and 172:
REPORT ON ISRAEL MOLLY MALEKAR, TEL
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The remarkable military victory of
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The continuous official Israeli pro
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The failure of Camp David and the S
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in a very intimate, yet sad, manner
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orist, Abbas was no partner because
Page 183 and 184:
Washington. Although they met sever
Page 185 and 186:
tus in place of that of protected r
Page 187 and 188:
The search for a strong leader who
Page 189 and 190:
The cooperation with the system and
Page 191 and 192:
Travelling often to the occupied te
Page 193 and 194:
kind of “global trans-border sist
Page 195 and 196:
A successful dialogue could be mean
Page 197 and 198:
World War. The joint interests of t
Page 199 and 200:
- twelve or thirteen-year-old boys
Page 201 and 202:
the Palestinian people, there are m
Page 203 and 204:
the Naqba, the majority of the Pale
Page 205 and 206:
The lack of trust in the internatio
Page 207 and 208:
One of the first collective popular
Page 209 and 210:
Another form of the non-violent res
Page 211 and 212:
estinian President Yasir Arafat’s
Page 213 and 214:
Refugees remain most vulnerable und
Page 215 and 216:
UNRWA also provides technical and v
Page 217 and 218:
Challenges Electricity The siege ha
Page 219 and 220:
services programmes to reduce pover
Page 221 and 222:
proved school health services, comp
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micro-credit programme, which is ma
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job creation, food and cash distrib
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Job creation UNRWA alleviates the i
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een no previous record. And on July
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REPORT ON WOMEN’S PEACE INITIATIV
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Council Resolution 1325 that calls
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sist on the resumption of negotiati
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The third activity of the IWC has f
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Looking retroactively to all the ye
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standing any more. He wanted me to
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I always had intensive contacts to
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Cultural events form a framework in
Page 247 and 248:
INTERVIEW WITH SHUKRIA DINI, NAIROB
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With my education and experience, I
Page 251 and 252:
INTERVIEW WITH YOLANDE MUKAGASANA,
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witness, and that’s the only thin
Page 255 and 256:
Certainly I see myself living on th
Page 257 and 258:
Today, we have been thrown back fur
Page 259 and 260:
A very hard experience with war was
Page 261 and 262:
had to teach me the paragraph about
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sein invaded Kuwait, which made it
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inging in other men and even childr
Page 267 and 268:
I got out of Gaza in 2007. I still
Page 269 and 270:
I faced a great challenge to do wel
Page 271 and 272:
In the mid-’70s, Yasser Arafat an
Page 273 and 274:
ANNEX PROJECT CONCEPT Women’s Con
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KEY POINTS FOR REPORTING ON CONFLIC
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� What role did the work of women
Page 279 and 280:
USPID, Unione Scienziati per il Dis
Page 281 and 282:
Toda Institute, for Global Peace an
Page 283 and 284:
Yolande Mukagasana is a widow and s
Page 285:
Rosa-Luxemburg-Foundation Brussels
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