TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
SF 85 - ,/"'3S '7~J " I NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report waa approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report haa been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved' by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and enlineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congreu in 1863, the Academy haa a mandate that requires it to advise the federal goyernment on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Frank Press is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, aa a parallel organisation of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognises the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Robert M. White is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Samuel O. Thier is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organised by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to usociate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purpoees of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council haa become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Frank Pren and Dr. Robert M. White are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council. The Board on Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID) of the Office of International Affairs addresees a range of iasues arising from the ways in which science and technology in developing countries can stimulate and complement the complex processes of social and economic development. It oyersees a broad program of bilateral workshops with scientific organisation in developing countries and conducts special studies. This report haa been prepared by an ad hoc advisory panel of the Board on Science and Technology for International Development, Office of International Affairs, National Research Council. Staff support waa funded by the Office of the Science Advisor, Agency for International Development under Grant No. DAN 5538.G.SS-I023-00/R. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 89-43206 ISBN 0-309-04261·5
PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL RANGELANDS CYRUS M. McKELL, Dean, School of Natural Resources, Weber State College, Odgen, Utah, USA, Chairman LESLIE A. BROWNRIGG, AMARU IV Cooperative, Washington, D.C., USA WILBUR F. CURRIER, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA PETER F. FFOLLIOTT, School of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA JERE L. GILLES, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA CARLTON H. HERBEL, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA CHARLES F. HUTCHINSON, Office of Arid Lands Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA WILLIS G. KEARL, Department of Agricultural Economica, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA WILLIAM C. KRUEGER, Department of Rangeland Resources, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA H. N. LE HOUEROU, Centre d'Etudes Phytosociologiques et Ecologiques Louis-Emberger, Montpelier, France CONTRmUTORS DENNIS CHILDS, Winrock International, Morrilton, Arkansas, USA DILLARD GATES, D.H. Gates and Associates, Vancouver, Washington, USA DOUGLAS L. JOHNSON, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA JAMES O'ROURKE, National Livestock Projects Department, Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Kaduna, Nigeria NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STArr John Hurley, Director Michael McD. Dow, A"ociate Director, Studiea Jack J. Fritz, Senior Program Officer Jeffrey A. Gritzner, Senior Program Officer F.R. Ruskin, Editor Hertha Hanu, AdminutratitJe Secretary iii
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- Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
- Page 27 and 28: INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
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- Page 37 and 38: Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low
- Page 39 and 40: INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
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PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICAL<br />
AND SUBTROPICAL RANGELANDS<br />
CYRUS M. McKELL, Dean, School of Natural Resources, Weber<br />
State College, Odgen, Utah, USA, Chairman<br />
LESLIE A. BROWNRIGG, AMARU IV Cooperative, Washington,<br />
D.C., USA<br />
WILBUR F. CURRIER, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA<br />
PETER F. FFOLLIOTT, School of Renewable Natural Resources,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA<br />
JERE L. GILLES, Department of Rural Sociology, University of<br />
Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA<br />
CARLTON H. HERBEL, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.<br />
Department of Agriculture, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA<br />
CHARLES F. HUTCHINSON, Office of Arid L<strong>and</strong>s Studies,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA<br />
WILLIS G. KEARL, Department of Agricultural Economica,<br />
University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA<br />
WILLIAM C. KRUEGER, Department of Rangel<strong>and</strong> Resources,<br />
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA<br />
H. N. LE HOUEROU, Centre d'Etudes Phytosociologiques et<br />
Ecologiques Louis-Emberger, Montpelier, France<br />
CONTRmUTORS<br />
DENNIS CHILDS, Winrock International, Morrilton, Arkansas,<br />
USA<br />
DILLARD GATES, D.H. Gates <strong>and</strong> Associates, Vancouver,<br />
Washington, USA<br />
DOUGLAS L. JOHNSON, Graduate School of Geography, Clark<br />
University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA<br />
JAMES O'ROURKE, National Livestock Projects Department,<br />
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Kaduna, Nigeria<br />
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STArr<br />
John Hurley, Director<br />
Michael McD. Dow, A"ociate Director, Studiea<br />
Jack J. Fritz, Senior Program Officer<br />
Jeffrey A. Gritzner, Senior Program Officer<br />
F.R. Ruskin, Editor<br />
Hertha Hanu, AdminutratitJe Secretary<br />
iii
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