TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
, TABLE 5 Rangeland Conditions in Selected Asian Countries to.:l Cll Location" India 11,850,000 hectarea Sri Lanka 439,000 hectarel Nepal 1,978,000 hectares Rangelandl are concentrated in mountainoul areas Pakistan 5 million hectares Ran&elanda are concentrated in Baluchiatan Ran.. Condition Highly decraded; overcrued; loil el'Olion and delenification; reduction in graling land/animal raUo; gradual convenion of fOreBti to lavannahl and Iteppea Native gr_ of low gruing value; area not reported to be decraded; cradual increau in livestock numben Degraded; overgraud; BOil el'Olion on Iteep Ilopea; deforeltation Poor; mOlt ranlelandl ..timated to produce 10-16" of potential; the "former acacia lavanna" of the Indul Valley alluvial plain iI the imponant gru!nl area; dry; overgraud; InOIt areas completely devastated; enUre lpeei.. of edible plantl eliminated; valley noon completely devastated; other areas, dry and heavily UI4ld; BOil eralion; d...niflcation; extenlive dama&e to veletation COVer Cau..1 or Conuquencel Oventocking of Iheep and goatl; agriculture expanded into marginal areas; govemment neglect; no manacement of fodder production or rangelandl Gruing areas frequently aft'ected by cyclonel, heavy rainl, and overflowing water tanb; religioul objectiona limit ran.. animal production Exce.. unproductive liveatock; dOling of Tibetan border to liveatock from Nepal caua. overgruing Oventocking, estimated at three Urnes the ideal; heavy nomadic u..; fuelwood demand by city dwellen § I~ ~ ~ Q ~ ~ l:"I ~ ~ 1'12 5i ~ ~.... ~ l:"I ~ ~ ~ ~
Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low mountalna of the Hlndukulh north Ilope are aood lummer p..ture; lOuthern deeert ia aood winter ranee; other are.. are heavily overcrued; the heavily srued lOuthe..tern foothilll of high mountainl of HuaRdiat Itm have fair to lood gruing; many raneelande have ..rioUily declined, and thia ia continuinl Uncontrolled Itacklng, elpecla!ly alonl major migration rout..; ruelwood lathering; Iteady expanlion of dryland cultivation ~ g ~ ~ ~ People'l Republic of China 285,690,000 hectaree 41" of total land UIed for gruing; 26" of graulande deteriorated; eroeion ia • dangeroully accelerated"; lou of productivity; deeertification Population preelure; 27" of deeertification attributed to overcrazin,; ,overnment heavily favored agriculture over raneelande during the UI50e; convenion of remaining thin forelt and good grulland into cultivated fieldl North China Too arid; unproductive; poor gruinl land; heavily overcrued; badly eroded; low rorage production; poor rorage quality; 1011 eroeion by wind and water; plant cover deterioration f..ter than rehabilitation Removal of belt graling ror agriculture; and urban development increalled pressure on remaining rangeland; rormerly productive grauland are now land Junel; poor manalement of grus.. and rodder crops South China Poor p..ture quality; reetricted ..aeona! gruinl time; low carrying capacity and poor cattle growth "Note: Sise or Rangeland: Figurel are thOle given by the United NatioDl Food and Agriculture Organisation ror Permanent Puture, which undereetimat. total lise of rangeland. SOURCE: Adapted from International Institute for Environment and Development and World Reeourcee Institute, 1988-89, p.80. t-:l -.:l
- Page 3 and 4: - ....... .I,"U1J:1~ National Resea
- Page 5: PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICA
- Page 8 and 9: can be restored to the world's rang
- Page 10 and 11: 4 Dromedary Pastoralism in Mrica an
- Page 13 and 14: OVERVIEW 3 associated with the exte
- Page 15 and 16: OVERVIEW 5 results, they must be su
- Page 17 and 18: OVERVIEW 7 higher levels of biologi
- Page 19: OVERVIEW 9 of approaching this obje
- Page 23 and 24: Introduction In this report, rangel
- Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
- Page 27 and 28: INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
- Page 29 and 30: Sudan 66 million hectlln8 (permanen
- Page 31 and 32: Zambia Countrywide, Upper Zambesi (
- Page 33 and 34: People's Democratic Republic ofVeme
- Page 35: Saudi Arabia Countrywide 85 miIllon
- Page 39 and 40: INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
- Page 41 and 42: 1 The Nature ofTropical and Subtrop
- Page 43 and 44: THE NATURE 0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPI
- Page 45 and 46: THE NA.TURE OF TROP/OAL AND SUBTROP
- Page 47 and 48: THE NATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPI
- Page 49 and 50: TllB aoorAL aoNTEXT FOR RANGELAND I
- Page 51 and 52: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 53 and 54: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 55 and 56: THE SOOIAL CONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 57 and 58: T11B aOorAL OONTl:XT FOR RANQIILAND
- Page 59 and 60: THE SOorAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 61 and 62: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 63 and 64: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 65 and 66: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 55 proved extr
- Page 67 and 68: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 57 • The cas
- Page 69 and 70: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 59 Climate and
- Page 71 and 72: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 61 CAlIH_11ON
- Page 73 and 74: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 63 and returns
- Page 75 and 76: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 65 The basic p
- Page 77 and 78: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 67 can give a
- Page 79 and 80: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 69 evaluation.
- Page 81 and 82: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 71 fashion or
- Page 83 and 84: 4 Regional Resource Assessment The
- Page 85 and 86: REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 75 onl
,<br />
TABLE 5<br />
Rangel<strong>and</strong> Conditions in Selected Asian Countries<br />
to.:l<br />
Cll<br />
Location"<br />
India<br />
11,850,000 hectarea<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
439,000 hectarel<br />
Nepal<br />
1,978,000 hectares<br />
Rangel<strong>and</strong>l are concentrated<br />
in mountainoul areas<br />
Pakistan<br />
5 million hectares<br />
Ran&el<strong>and</strong>a are concentrated<br />
in Baluchiatan<br />
Ran.. Condition<br />
Highly decraded; overcrued; loil<br />
el'Olion <strong>and</strong> delenification; reduction<br />
in graling l<strong>and</strong>/animal raUo; gradual<br />
convenion of fOreBti to lavannahl <strong>and</strong><br />
Iteppea<br />
Native gr_ of low gruing value;<br />
area not reported to be decraded;<br />
cradual increau in livestock numben<br />
Degraded; overgraud; BOil el'Olion on<br />
Iteep Ilopea; deforeltation<br />
Poor; mOlt ranlel<strong>and</strong>l ..timated to<br />
produce 10-16" of potential; the<br />
"former acacia lavanna" of the Indul<br />
Valley alluvial plain iI the imponant<br />
gru!nl area; dry; overgraud; InOIt<br />
areas completely devastated; enUre<br />
lpeei.. of edible plantl eliminated;<br />
valley noon completely devastated;<br />
other areas, dry <strong>and</strong> heavily UI4ld;<br />
BOil eralion; d...niflcation;<br />
extenlive dama&e to veletation COVer<br />
Cau..1 or Conuquencel<br />
Oventocking of Iheep <strong>and</strong> goatl;<br />
agriculture exp<strong>and</strong>ed into marginal areas;<br />
govemment neglect; no manacement of<br />
fodder production or rangel<strong>and</strong>l<br />
Gruing areas frequently aft'ected by<br />
cyclonel, heavy rainl, <strong>and</strong> overflowing<br />
water tanb; religioul objectiona limit<br />
ran.. animal production<br />
Exce.. unproductive liveatock; dOling of<br />
Tibetan border to liveatock from Nepal<br />
caua. overgruing<br />
Oventocking, estimated at three Urnes<br />
the ideal; heavy nomadic u..; fuelwood<br />
dem<strong>and</strong> by city dwellen<br />
§<br />
I~<br />
~<br />
~<br />
Q<br />
~<br />
~<br />
l:"I<br />
~<br />
~<br />
1'12<br />
5i<br />
~<br />
~....<br />
~<br />
l:"I<br />
~<br />
~<br />
~<br />
~
Change language