TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands

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~ TABLE" (CoaUDued) Location IlaDp ConclltloD c_01' CoaMqu_ § Oman 1 miIlioD heet_ (permaoent putwe), 20,208,000 beet.,.. (other land) DeMIt and Mountain 1m little mdence of dam... to plant communit_; .table, perIIape lmproYinc Herd liM dec:nuinl in DOmacllc nclODI CJ c 00 -rv Settled Areu Jordan 8,316,253 heet.,.. (crulnl and/or uncultivated) Perhape fair conclltion M p..-nt, poeUbty improrinc Loea of veptatioD; decradMion for hundrecle of yean, but utili&a&iOD hu become increuingly de.tructive in the put few decades; substantially increuing erosion with pavement-like lOll Animala are concentrated in th... areu, but heayy reliance on fodder crope Oventocking, especially of goats (also affects reforestation) Lack of water more limiting than lack of feedstuffs; sedentarintion concentrated animalI in .maller areu for 10DIer perioda; human populMion increued lixfold over 55 yean, increuinl demand for red meat; 100l-tenn, continuinl dqradMioD I~ :3 ~ ~~ ~QQ ~ :3 ~ ~ ~ ~ :c= ! ~ Sain Katat and BMinah OveruMCl Bx~ve woodcuUinr. heavy cruinl and tnmpnn, by liveltock
Saudi Arabia Countrywide 85 miIllon beet.... (putureland) Arabian Shield-Soutb 2,400,000 beet..... (9.5" of total country_) Iran Countrywide. 1.100.000 beet.... (Ipec:ifted u putureland) 1Dc:n_ In biolDUl production IiDce 1961 but lpeel.. compol!tion iDdicatei depaded forap l'eIOW'Cei poor. ~. fair. 20", lOOd-exce1lent. ~i bWDall-cauMd d..tructlon of ranpland bu iDCNIlMd IlpUftcantly 8eY_ depletloll of raIlPi (dilappearance of molt preferred perennlallpKi... '.1., ArHmiIia and ArjUjda) and continuing deterioration; MOIll IOil eroeion and flash runoffs Wid.-pNad availability of trucD a1io.. tl'aDlport of anlma1I and water to remote areu pNViollliy \lied infrequlDtlYi animal production uniu Inc:nued 1.8 tim.- liDce 1961i ranplancU are 1_luitable for Iheep (grazing) and better luited for camei and goat (woody bro...) Heavy overstocking--estimated to exceed carrying capacity by • times; fuel catberine. wid..pread encroachment of dryland cultivation into traditional Il'UinI areui dimatic fiuctuationa ~ g § ~ SOURCE: Adapted from IDtemationailDeUtuM for Environment and Dft'elopment and World Reeourcellnatitut., 1981, p.88. N r;; (L 0- '< C) 0 0 CO-rv ~ 0.
Page 3 and 4: - ....... .I,"U1J:1~ National Resea
Page 5: PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICA
Page 8 and 9: can be restored to the world's rang
Page 10 and 11: 4 Dromedary Pastoralism in Mrica an
Page 13 and 14: OVERVIEW 3 associated with the exte
Page 15 and 16: OVERVIEW 5 results, they must be su
Page 17 and 18: OVERVIEW 7 higher levels of biologi
Page 19: OVERVIEW 9 of approaching this obje
Page 23 and 24: Introduction In this report, rangel
Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
Page 27 and 28: INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
Page 29 and 30: Sudan 66 million hectlln8 (permanen
Page 31 and 32: Zambia Countrywide, Upper Zambesi (
Page 33: People's Democratic Republic ofVeme
Page 37 and 38: Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low
Page 39 and 40: INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
Page 41 and 42: 1 The Nature ofTropical and Subtrop
Page 43 and 44: THE NATURE 0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPI
Page 45 and 46: THE NA.TURE OF TROP/OAL AND SUBTROP
Page 47 and 48: THE NATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPI
Page 49 and 50: TllB aoorAL aoNTEXT FOR RANGELAND I
Page 51 and 52: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
Page 55 and 56: THE SOOIAL CONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
Page 57 and 58: T11B aOorAL OONTl:XT FOR RANQIILAND
Page 59 and 60: THE SOorAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
Page 65 and 66: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 55 proved extr
Page 67 and 68: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 57 • The cas
Page 69 and 70: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 59 Climate and
Page 71 and 72: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 61 CAlIH_11ON
Page 73 and 74: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 63 and returns
Page 75 and 76: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 65 The basic p
Page 77 and 78: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 67 can give a
Page 79 and 80: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 69 evaluation.
Page 81 and 82: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 71 fashion or
Page 83 and 84: 4 Regional Resource Assessment The
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 75 onl
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 77 wil
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REGIONAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 79 spe
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REGIONAL RESOUROB ASSB88MENT 81 Aqa
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 83 imp
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REGIONAL RESOUROE AS8mJSMENT 85 60
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSB88JlENT 87 Ta
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 89 •
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 91 FIG
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N r;; (L ~ C) o ~ -rv • 01 . •
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 95 The
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SITE EVALUATION 97 The natural proc
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SIT8 EVALUATION 99 Climate is diffi
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SITB EVALUATION 101 Instantaneous m
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SITE EVALUATION 103 by field observ
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SITE EVALUATION 105 dynamics ofan e
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SITE EVALUATION 107 macbiuery at le
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SIT8 EVALUATION 109 the better is t
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SITE EVALUATION 111 Animal 7Jpe. Al
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SITE EVALUATION 113 by component. M
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SITE EVALUATION 115 National Raearc
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 117 Species that
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 119 the loss of
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 121 seed product
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 123 FIGURE 8-2 (
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GRAZING MANAG8MENT 125 FIGURE 6-4 A
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 127 FIGURE 6-6 C
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GRAZING MANAGDIBNT conditions by pr
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 181 FIGURE 6-9 (
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 133 The success
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT IS5 a more nutri
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 137 flooded and,
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7 Rehabilitation Techniques ESTABLI
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RBlIABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 141 to h
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 143 habit
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 145 Some
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REHABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 147 Topog
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REHABILn'ATlON TEOHNIQUES 149 years
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RE1IABILrl'ATION TEOHNIQUES 151 are
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 153 FIGUR
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RBllABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 155 Adva
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1UUIAB1LlTATION TE01IN1QUEB 157 Adv
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 159 satis
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REHAB1LlTATlON TECHNIQUES 161 Plant
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RElIABlL1TATION TEOHNIQUES 163 FIGU
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REHABHJTATION TECHNIQUES 165 FIGURE
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RBIlAB1LITATION TBOlINIQU1l8 167
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REHABIL17'ATION TEOHNIQUES 169 FIGU
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 171 plast
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R.ElIABILlTATION TEOHNIQUES 178 The
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REHABILITATION TECHNIQUES 175 6onne
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REHAB1LJTATION TECHNIQUES 117 Desic
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RE1lAlJ1LlTATION TBOHNlQUBS 179 tra
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RElIABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 181 sand
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 183 Barke
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REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 185 Sb.nl
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CRlTERlA FOR PLANT SELECTION 187
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ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 189 La
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ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SBLEOTION 191 70
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CRITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 193 AD
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0R1TER1A 'OR PLANT SICLEOTION 195 m
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CRITERIA FOR PLANT SICLECTION 197 C
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CRITERIA 'OR PLANT SELEOTION 199 di
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• ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 20
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ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 203 st
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ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 205 An
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ORJTBRIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 207 In
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CRITERlA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 209 Mo
Page 223 and 224:
Introduction to the Case Studies Su
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INTRODUOTION TO THE OASE STUDIES 21
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PASTORAL REGIMES 0' MAURITANIA 217
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PASTORAL REGIMES OF MAURITANIA 225
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Case Study 2 The Beni Mguild ofMoro
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THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 229 on t
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THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 231 thei
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THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 238 Alth
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THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 235 -tle
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Case Study 3 The Kel Tamasheq SUSAN
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TIn: KEL TAMASHEQ 239 TABLE 8-1 Ave
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THE KEL TAMAS11EQ 20U TABLE S-4 Com
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TIlE KEL TAMASHEQ TABLE 3-6 Proport
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THE KEL TAMABHEQ 245 maintain healt
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25 0 25 IlO 75100 , ";) ~ 1:25kmL N
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ the two somehow me
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• Major well • Seuonal ftll •
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 253 FIGURE 3-3 T8n
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 255 N 1 I.. I ----
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 257 about 10 m to
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TABLE 1-10 ComparUoD ofU_ of Variou
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Case Study 4 Dromedary Pastoralism
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DROMEDARY PASTORALISM IN AFRIOA AND
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DROMEDARY PASTORAUSM IN AFRIOA AND
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276 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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278 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND 8UB
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282 IMPROVDaNT0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTR
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284 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPICAL AND SUB
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Case Study 6 The Marri Baluch ofPak
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290 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPIOAL AND SUB
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Case Study 7 Changing Patterns ofRe
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~ IMPROVEMENT OF TROP/GAL AND SUBTR
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30& IMPROVBlD:NT OF TROPICAL AND SU
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310 IMPROVI:ID:NT OF TROP/GAL AND B
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Case Study 8 Kenya: Seeking Remedie
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Case Study 10 Wildlife Land Use at
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33" IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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338 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOALAND SUBT
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3.2 IMPROVIlMIlNT 0' TROPICAL AND S
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3« IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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3" IMPROVEAaNT OF TROPICAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 12 The Potential of Faid
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352 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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356 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPIOAL AND SU
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360 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPICAL AND SU
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3M IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 13 Improving Nigeria's A
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370 Board on Science and Technology
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372 technologies in developine coun
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ham_ saline reeourcee that are sene
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376 scientists who were brought tog
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378 T.O.O.L. Publication, Entropotd
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TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands

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