TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands
to.:> to.:> ~ TABLE 4 Location Rangeland Conditions in Selected Western Asian Countri. Syria Countrywide, 8,700,000 hectares (grasslands) Interior Steppes: arid deserts Range Condition Overgrasedj trend either ,enera1ly downward or stable at minimal productivity Originial plant community virtually eradicated; replaced by species of little interest to humans or animals; lon, history of derradation Caus. or Consequences Too many animals; most productive ranrelands destroyed by plowing; uprooting of shrubs for fuel; establishment of water points (wells) without any grazing controls Overgrasing, especially by goats; development of wells permitted overuse of plant resources I~ ~ ~ C ~ ~ l:"I :. ~ l"IJ ~ ~ C ~ ~ l:"I ~ :c= ~~
People's Democratic Republic ofVemen Countrywide, ~ million hectares (lP'auland), 2,500,000 hectares (scrub forest) Vemen Arab Republic 7 million hectares (puture) 1,600,000 hectares (woodland) Decraded stap of retropoeaalonj decliDinc. or stable at minimal productivity Majority of wwoodland w better cJauified u WraqelandWi depleted plant coverj severe sheet and gully erosion; decline in livestock numbers Graalnc preuurei fuelwood collection Lone history of delP'&dationj overlP'uine, fuelwood cuttine; World Bank believes ranee can be restored to some extent ~ g ~ ~ ~ Iraq Countrywide, 36.040.000 hectares (grazing land, i.e., uncultivated) 100,000 hectares (forage) Low productivity; procreuively downward trenda Uncontrolled lP'Uing; conversion of lome d_rt landa to dryland farmine Steppe Zone, 6.200.000 hectares Predominance of unpalatable shruba; dilappearance of natural veeetation; historical downward trend; conUnuine loa of ranpland Ove~uing;conversion to dryland farms Mountain Range (forest and lub-alpine) Palatable perennial eras- pnerally scarce; annuals predominate Lone history of ove~uine N r;; Alpine Meadows Good seasonal lP'uinr (four months); apparently stable Limited seasonal usage (L ~ C) o ~ -rv Southwest Desert, 16.700,000 hectares Apparently fair--but steady deterioration Ove~ing, In part due to transhumine flocks from nelehborine countries ~ CoO
- Page 3 and 4: - ....... .I,"U1J:1~ National Resea
- Page 5: PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICA
- Page 8 and 9: can be restored to the world's rang
- Page 10 and 11: 4 Dromedary Pastoralism in Mrica an
- Page 13 and 14: OVERVIEW 3 associated with the exte
- Page 15 and 16: OVERVIEW 5 results, they must be su
- Page 17 and 18: OVERVIEW 7 higher levels of biologi
- Page 19: OVERVIEW 9 of approaching this obje
- Page 23 and 24: Introduction In this report, rangel
- Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
- Page 27 and 28: INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
- Page 29 and 30: Sudan 66 million hectlln8 (permanen
- Page 31: Zambia Countrywide, Upper Zambesi (
- Page 35 and 36: Saudi Arabia Countrywide 85 miIllon
- Page 37 and 38: Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low
- Page 39 and 40: INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
- Page 41 and 42: 1 The Nature ofTropical and Subtrop
- Page 43 and 44: THE NATURE 0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPI
- Page 45 and 46: THE NA.TURE OF TROP/OAL AND SUBTROP
- Page 47 and 48: THE NATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPI
- Page 49 and 50: TllB aoorAL aoNTEXT FOR RANGELAND I
- Page 51 and 52: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 53 and 54: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 55 and 56: THE SOOIAL CONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 57 and 58: T11B aOorAL OONTl:XT FOR RANQIILAND
- Page 59 and 60: THE SOorAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 61 and 62: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 63 and 64: THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
- Page 65 and 66: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 55 proved extr
- Page 67 and 68: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 57 • The cas
- Page 69 and 70: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 59 Climate and
- Page 71 and 72: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 61 CAlIH_11ON
- Page 73 and 74: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 63 and returns
- Page 75 and 76: THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 65 The basic p
- Page 77 and 78: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 67 can give a
- Page 79 and 80: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 69 evaluation.
- Page 81 and 82: THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 71 fashion or
to.:><br />
to.:><br />
~<br />
TABLE 4<br />
Location<br />
Rangel<strong>and</strong> Conditions in Selected Western Asian Countri.<br />
Syria<br />
Countrywide, 8,700,000<br />
hectares (grassl<strong>and</strong>s)<br />
Interior Steppes: arid<br />
deserts<br />
Range Condition<br />
Overgrasedj trend either ,enera1ly<br />
downward or stable at minimal<br />
productivity<br />
Originial plant community virtually<br />
eradicated; replaced by species of<br />
little interest to humans or animals;<br />
lon, history of derradation<br />
Caus. or Consequences<br />
Too many animals; most productive<br />
ranrel<strong>and</strong>s destroyed by plowing;<br />
uprooting of shrubs for fuel;<br />
establishment of water points (wells)<br />
without any grazing controls<br />
Overgrasing, especially by goats;<br />
development of wells permitted overuse<br />
of plant resources<br />
I~<br />
~<br />
~<br />
C<br />
~<br />
~<br />
l:"I<br />
:.<br />
~<br />
l"IJ<br />
~<br />
~<br />
C<br />
~<br />
~<br />
l:"I<br />
~<br />
:c=<br />
~~
Change language