TheImprovement ofTropical and Subtropical Rangelands

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1M IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPIOAL RANGELANDS Lauri., M. V. ID74. 7hc l'IaNint Prat:Aeu in A/riefIft s.ann.. FAO ForeRry S.ri.., No. 14. Food and Acriculture OrpDintion of th. United NatioDl, Rom., Italy. Le Hodrou, H. N., eel. ID80. Bro... in A/rie4: TM OwNnt Ste. 01K_I. International Li..-tock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. lAvin, 0., L. 1Aac, A. W. Moore, and V. Boulqu.t. IDA. Factors tJfec:tine plantation aurvinJ. Chapter 5 in &eo~ Rc/orulftlion Pradit:u and ~ Wenern ForeRry and ConMl'Y&tion AalOCiation, Portland, Oregon, USA. McK.ll, C. M. 1988. Propacation and .tablishm.nt of plang on arid .alin. land. Pp. 383-875 in I'orat. tJI'IIll'wl Protludiora /rorr& S.. A§1dMJ. WcuWantl: 1'rocatIinIt 01 II S.".,.. MltlIII~ W",,", AIUCraIia, 1tJ-nMar, lS184, E.G. Barrett-Lennard, eel. ElInier, Amlterdam, N.th.rland.. McK.ll, C. M., J. R. Goodin, and C. Ducan. IIM1D. Chaparral manipulation decg eoU moisture d.pl.tion patt.rn. and MecUing .'abliahm.n'. Jol6ftl1l 01 &an,. MIJItGf.rru'" 22:15D-185. McK.nli., D. W. and C. H. H.rb.l. 1982. Arid lAnd Suder D.wlopmcnt. Special Report 8222-1802. For..t Service, U.S. Departm.nt of Agriculture, Wuhlnl'on, D.C. National Academy of Scwncee. 1974. Mort Will" lor AM LantlI. Board on Science and Technolol7 for Interna'ional D.velopm.n'. Na'ional Academy of Sciencee, Wuhinl'on, D.C. N.mati, N. 1978. Range lmproYem.n' practicee in Iran. Pp. 831-832 in 1'rocatIinIt 01 tJac Fir. Int.mtJIiorMll~00","", D. N. Hyder, eel. Soci.ty for Rane. Manac.men', D.nver, Colorado, USA. Newman, J. C. IlMle. Wat.rpondine for eoU conMI'Y&'ion in arid areu in New South Wal... Jol6ftl1l 01 Soil OOflHr'flllliora. (N.w South Wales). 22:2-12. N.w Mexico Inter-Ac.ncy Ranp Commi'tee. 1971. lAnd MIJItGf"""" Pradieu lor tJac RMlucDon 01 &mlJ6 and &oIion in N•• Maiu. Report 8. Agricultural ReMarch Service, U.S. Depanm.nt of Agricul'ure, Wuhiqton, D.C. Norria, C. A. 1983. ProPlC&ting native plang from seed. and cuttings. AIftCI"ican Nurt"""""" 157(D)1100-105. Paroda, R. S. and H. S. Mann. 1979. Rangeland management for increued primary and Mcondary productivity in Indian arid IOn... Pp. 661·677 in Arid lAnd pt"", Ruoureu, J. R. Goodin and D.K. Northinl'on, ed.. Int.rnational Center for Ariel and Semi-arid Land Studie., Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texu, USA. PaM, C. R. and A. W. Lind.nmu'h, Jr. ID71. Efrecg of preec:ribeel fire on vegetation and sediment in ou-moutain mahogany chaparral. Joumol 01 Forutrv eDl800-805. Penrose, R. D. and D. I. HanMn. ID81. Planting techniqu.. for ..tabliahment of contain.r-crown or bareroot plants. Pp. 37-47 in SJaru6 &ta6lU"""'" on DUturhrl Arid and S.mi-aM LatttU. Wyomlne Game and FlIh Depanment, Laramie, Wyomine, USA. Reynold., H. R. and J. W. Bohnine. 1956. EfFec'. of burnine on a duert grall-shrub range In eou'hern Arisona. EeoIOW 37:769-777. RichardlOn, S. G., J. R. Barker, K. A. Crofts, and G. A. Van Eppa. 1979. Factors afFectine root of stem cuUlnp of nit desert shrubs. Jol6ftl1l 01 &nt. MGft4lemcnt 32:280-283.
REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 185 Sb.nley. R. J. 1978. Eetabliahment of chenopod Ihrubl by 'Yne pitting on hardpan loila in western New South Wal_. AUltralia. Pp. 639-642 in ProccsdinI. 01 tIu Fir. IntemGliontJl R4n,cland 00,.".... D. N. Hyder. ed. Socie'Y for Range Management. Denver. Colorado. USA. TinUl. R. W. and S. E. McDonald. 1979. H01D to Gro. Sutllil'lf4 in Oontotncr. in GruMoucu. Foren Service General Technical Report RM-60. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Wuhineton. D.C. Valentine, J .F. 1971. R4nge Deuclopmmt and Improw",,"". Brigham Young Universi'Y Prell, Provo, Utah, USA. Weber, F. R. with C. Stoney. 1986. Rc/orutalion in Aritl LontU. 2nd ed. Voleteen in Technical Aui.tance, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Willan, R. L. 1985. A Guitlc to Forut Sud Hantlling: With SpceialIUI.rcna to the 7J00piu. FAO Foreltry paper 20/2. DANIDA and the Food and Agriculture Organiaation of the United Nationl, Rome, haly. Yadav, R. C. and J. P. Gupta. 1977. Germination and leedling emergence in relation to lOiI moiature and POlt-.owing compaction. Indian JoumoJ 01 A,,;culturc Science 47:448-455. Young, G. J. 1969. Pilling Aide Revegetation 01 Pcutoral Oountrv. South AUltralian Department of Agriculture Leatlet 3953, Adelaide, AUltralia.
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- ....... .I,"U1J:1~ National Resea
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PANEL ON THE IMPROVEMENT or TROPICA
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can be restored to the world's rang
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4 Dromedary Pastoralism in Mrica an
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OVERVIEW 3 associated with the exte
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OVERVIEW 5 results, they must be su
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OVERVIEW 7 higher levels of biologi
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OVERVIEW 9 of approaching this obje
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Introduction In this report, rangel
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INTRODUCTION 15 protein per hour of
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INTRODUOTION 17 Moreover, grain cro
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Sudan 66 million hectlln8 (permanen
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Zambia Countrywide, Upper Zambesi (
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People's Democratic Republic ofVeme
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Saudi Arabia Countrywide 85 miIllon
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Arghaniatan 30 million hectara Low
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INTRODUCTION 29 knowledge, adaptati
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1 The Nature ofTropical and Subtrop
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THE NATURE 0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTROPI
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THE NA.TURE OF TROP/OAL AND SUBTROP
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THE NATURE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPI
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TllB aoorAL aoNTEXT FOR RANGELAND I
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THE SOOIAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
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THE SOOIAL CONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
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T11B aOorAL OONTl:XT FOR RANQIILAND
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THE SOorAL OONTEXT FOR RANGELAND IM
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THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 55 proved extr
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THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 57 • The cas
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 59 Climate and
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 61 CAlIH_11ON
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 63 and returns
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THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT 65 The basic p
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 67 can give a
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 69 evaluation.
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THE EOONOMIO OONTEXT 71 fashion or
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4 Regional Resource Assessment The
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 75 onl
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 77 wil
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REGIONAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 79 spe
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REGIONAL RESOUROB ASSB88MENT 81 Aqa
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 83 imp
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REGIONAL RESOUROE AS8mJSMENT 85 60
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSB88JlENT 87 Ta
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 89 •
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 91 FIG
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N r;; (L ~ C) o ~ -rv • 01 . •
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REGIONAL RESOUROE ASSESSMENT 95 The
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SITE EVALUATION 97 The natural proc
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SIT8 EVALUATION 99 Climate is diffi
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SITB EVALUATION 101 Instantaneous m
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SITE EVALUATION 103 by field observ
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SITE EVALUATION 105 dynamics ofan e
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SITE EVALUATION 107 macbiuery at le
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SIT8 EVALUATION 109 the better is t
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SITE EVALUATION 111 Animal 7Jpe. Al
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SITE EVALUATION 113 by component. M
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SITE EVALUATION 115 National Raearc
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 117 Species that
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 119 the loss of
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 121 seed product
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 123 FIGURE 8-2 (
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GRAZING MANAG8MENT 125 FIGURE 6-4 A
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 127 FIGURE 6-6 C
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GRAZING MANAGDIBNT conditions by pr
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GRAZING MANAGEMENT 181 FIGURE 6-9 (
Page 143 and 144: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 133 The success
Page 145 and 146: GRAZING MANAGEMENT IS5 a more nutri
Page 147 and 148: GRAZING MANAGEMENT 137 flooded and,
Page 149 and 150: 7 Rehabilitation Techniques ESTABLI
Page 151 and 152: RBlIABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 141 to h
Page 153 and 154: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 143 habit
Page 155 and 156: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 145 Some
Page 157 and 158: REHABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 147 Topog
Page 159 and 160: REHABILn'ATlON TEOHNIQUES 149 years
Page 161 and 162: RE1IABILrl'ATION TEOHNIQUES 151 are
Page 163 and 164: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 153 FIGUR
Page 165 and 166: RBllABILlTATlON TEOHNIQUES 155 Adva
Page 167 and 168: 1UUIAB1LlTATION TE01IN1QUEB 157 Adv
Page 169 and 170: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 159 satis
Page 171 and 172: REHAB1LlTATlON TECHNIQUES 161 Plant
Page 173 and 174: RElIABlL1TATION TEOHNIQUES 163 FIGU
Page 175 and 176: REHABHJTATION TECHNIQUES 165 FIGURE
Page 177 and 178: RBIlAB1LITATION TBOlINIQU1l8 167
Page 179 and 180: REHABIL17'ATION TEOHNIQUES 169 FIGU
Page 181 and 182: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 171 plast
Page 183 and 184: R.ElIABILlTATION TEOHNIQUES 178 The
Page 185 and 186: REHABILITATION TECHNIQUES 175 6onne
Page 187 and 188: REHAB1LJTATION TECHNIQUES 117 Desic
Page 189 and 190: RE1lAlJ1LlTATION TBOHNlQUBS 179 tra
Page 191 and 192: RElIABlLlTATION TEOHNIQUES 181 sand
Page 193: REHABILITATION TEOHNIQUES 183 Barke
Page 197 and 198: CRlTERlA FOR PLANT SELECTION 187
Page 199 and 200: ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 189 La
Page 201 and 202: ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SBLEOTION 191 70
Page 203 and 204: CRITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 193 AD
Page 205 and 206: 0R1TER1A 'OR PLANT SICLEOTION 195 m
Page 207 and 208: CRITERIA FOR PLANT SICLECTION 197 C
Page 209 and 210: CRITERIA 'OR PLANT SELEOTION 199 di
Page 211 and 212: • ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 20
Page 213 and 214: ORJTERIA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 203 st
Page 215 and 216: ORITERIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 205 An
Page 217 and 218: ORJTBRIA FOR PLANT SELECTION 207 In
Page 219: CRITERlA FOR PLANT SELEOTlON 209 Mo
Page 223 and 224: Introduction to the Case Studies Su
Page 225 and 226: INTRODUOTION TO THE OASE STUDIES 21
Page 227 and 228: PASTORAL REGIMES 0' MAURITANIA 217
Page 235 and 236: PASTORAL REGIMES OF MAURITANIA 225
Page 237 and 238: Case Study 2 The Beni Mguild ofMoro
Page 239 and 240: THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 229 on t
Page 241 and 242: THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 231 thei
Page 243 and 244: THE BENI MGUILD OF MOROOOO 238 Alth
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THE BEN! MGUILD OF MOROOOO 235 -tle
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Case Study 3 The Kel Tamasheq SUSAN
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TIn: KEL TAMASHEQ 239 TABLE 8-1 Ave
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THE KEL TAMAS11EQ 20U TABLE S-4 Com
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TIlE KEL TAMASHEQ TABLE 3-6 Proport
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THE KEL TAMABHEQ 245 maintain healt
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25 0 25 IlO 75100 , ";) ~ 1:25kmL N
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ the two somehow me
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• Major well • Seuonal ftll •
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 253 FIGURE 3-3 T8n
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 255 N 1 I.. I ----
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THE KEL TAMASHEQ 257 about 10 m to
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TABLE 1-10 ComparUoD ofU_ of Variou
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Case Study 4 Dromedary Pastoralism
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DROMEDARY PASTORALISM IN AFRIOA AND
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DROMEDARY PASTORAUSM IN AFRIOA AND
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276 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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278 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND 8UB
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282 IMPROVDaNT0' TROPIOAL AND SUBTR
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284 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPICAL AND SUB
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Case Study 6 The Marri Baluch ofPak
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290 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPIOAL AND SUB
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Case Study 7 Changing Patterns ofRe
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~ IMPROVEMENT OF TROP/GAL AND SUBTR
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30& IMPROVBlD:NT OF TROPICAL AND SU
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310 IMPROVI:ID:NT OF TROP/GAL AND B
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Case Study 8 Kenya: Seeking Remedie
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Case Study 10 Wildlife Land Use at
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33" IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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338 IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOALAND SUBT
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3.2 IMPROVIlMIlNT 0' TROPICAL AND S
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3« IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUB
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3" IMPROVEAaNT OF TROPICAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 12 The Potential of Faid
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352 IMPROVEMENT 0' TROPICAL AND SUB
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356 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPIOAL AND SU
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360 IMPROVEMENT 01' TROPICAL AND SU
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3M IMPROVEMENT OF TROPIOAL AND SUBT
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Case Study 13 Improving Nigeria's A
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370 Board on Science and Technology
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372 technologies in developine coun
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ham_ saline reeourcee that are sene
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376 scientists who were brought tog
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378 T.O.O.L. Publication, Entropotd
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