Beginning Python - From Novice to Professional

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CHAPTER 20 ■ PROJECT 1: INSTANT MARKUP 393 Listing 20-1. A Sample Plain Text Document (test_input.txt) Welcome to World Wide Spam, Inc. These are the corporate web pages of *World Wide Spam*, Inc. We hope you find your stay enjoyable, and that you will sample many of our products. A short history of the company World Wide Spam was started in the summer of 2000. The business concept was to ride the dot-com wave and to make money both through bulk email and by selling canned meat online. After receiving several complaints from customers who weren't satisfied by their bulk email, World Wide Spam altered their profile, and focused 100% on canned goods. Today, they rank as the world's 13,892nd online supplier of SPAM. Destinations From this page you may visit several of our interesting web pages: - What is SPAM? (http://wwspam.fu/whatisspam) - How do they make it? (http://wwspam.fu/howtomakeit) - Why should I eat it? (http://wwspam.fu/whyeatit) How to get in touch with us You can get in touch with us in *many* ways: By phone (555-1234), by email (wwspam@wwspam.fu) or by visiting our customer feedback page (http://wwspam.fu/feedback). To test your implementation, you need only to use this document as input and view the results in a Web browser—or perhaps examine the added tags directly.
394 CHAPTER 20 ■ PROJECT 1: INSTANT MARKUP First Implementation One of the first things you need to do is split the text into paragraphs. It’s obvious from Listing 20-1 that the paragraphs are separated by one or more empty lines. A better word than “paragraph” might be “block” because this name can apply to headlines and list items as well. A simple way to find these blocks is to collect all the lines you encounter until you find an empty line, and then return the lines you have collected so far. That would be one block. Then, you could start all over again. You needn’t bother collecting empty lines, and you won’t return empty blocks (where you have encountered more than one empty line). Also, you should make sure that the last line of the file is empty; otherwise you won’t know when the last block is finished. (There are other ways of finding out, of course.) Listing 20-2 shows an implementation of this approach. Listing 20-2. A Text Block Generator (util.py) from __future__ import generators def lines(file): for line in file: yield line yield '\n' def blocks(file): block = [] for line in lines(file): if line.strip(): block.append(line) elif block: yield ''.join(block).strip() block = [] The lines generator is just a little utility that tucks an empty line onto the end of the file. The blocks generator implements the approach described. When a block is yielded, its lines are joined, and the resulting string is stripped, giving you a single string representing the block, with excessive whitespace at either end (such as list indentations or newlines) removed. ■Note The from __future__ import generators statement is necessary in Python version 2.2, but not in 2.3 or 2.4. See also the section “Avoiding Generators” in Chapter 9. I’ve put the code in the file util.py, which means that you can import the utility generators in your program later on.
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Beginning Python From Novice to Pro
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Introduction A C program is like a
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256 CHAPTER 11 ■ FILES AND STUFF
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270 CHAPTER 12 ■ GRAPHICAL USER I
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298 CHAPTER 14 ■ NETWORK PROGRAMM
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APPENDIX A ■ ■ ■ The Short Ve
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558 APPENDIX B ■ PYTHON REFERENCE
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572 APPENDIX C ■ ONLINE RESOURCES
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Index ■Symbols - operator 558 !=
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■INDEX 593 playful programming 38
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■INDEX 595 Python C API 365 hand-
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