Beginning Python - From Novice to Professional

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CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTANT HACKING: THE BASICS 7 language. Two distributions that take a different approach are Jython and IronPython. If you’re interested in other development environments than IDLE, Table 1-1 lists some options. Table 1-1. Some Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) for Python Environment Description Available From . . . IDLE Pythonwin ActivePython The standard Python environment Windows-oriented environment Feature-packed; contains Pythonwin IDE http://www.python.org/idle http://www.python.org/windows http://www.activestate.com Komodo Commercial IDE http://www.activestate.com Wingware Commercial IDE http://www.wingware.com BlackAdder Commercial IDE and (Qt) GUI builder http://www.thekompany.com Boa Constructor Free IDE and GUI builder http://boa-constructor.sf.net Anjuta Versatile IDE for Linux/UNIX http://anjuta.sf.net ArachnoPython Commercial IDE http://www.python-ide.com Code Crusader Commercial IDE http://www.newplanetsoftware.com Code Forge Commercial IDE http://www.codeforge.com Eclipse Popular, flexible, open source IDE http://www.eclipse.org eric Free IDE using Qt http://eric-ide.sf.net KDevelop Cross-language IDE for KDE http://www.kdevelop.org VisualWx Free GUI builder http://visualwx.altervista.org wxDesigner Commercial GUI builder http://www.roebling.de wxGlade Free GUI builder http://wxglade.sf.net ActivePython is a Python distribution from ActiveState (http://www.activestate.com). At its core, it’s the same as the standard Python distribution for Windows. The main difference is that it includes lots of extra goodies (modules) that are available separately. Definitely worth a look if you are running Windows. Stackless Python is a reimplementation of Python, based on the original code, but with some important internal changes. To a beginning user, these differences won’t show up much, and one of the more standard distributions would probably be more useful. The main advantages of Stackless Python are that it allows deeper levels of recursion and more efficient multithreading. As mentioned, both of these are rather advanced features, not needed by the average user. You can get Stackless Python from http://www.stackless.com.
8 CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTANT HACKING: THE BASICS Jython (http://www.jython.org) and IronPython (http://www.ironpython.com) are different—they’re versions of Python implemented in other languages. Jython is implemented in Java, targeting the Java Virtual Machine, and IronPython is implemented in C#, targeting the .NET and MONO implementations of the common language runtime (CLR). At the time of writing, Jython is quite stable, but lagging behind Python—the current Jython version is 2.1, while Python is at 2.4. There are significant differences in these two versions of the language. IronPython is quite new, and at a rather experimental stage. Still, it is usable, and reported to be faster than standard Python on some benchmarks. Keeping In Touch and Up to Date The Python language evolves continuously. To find out more about recent releases and relevant tools, the python.org Web site is an invaluable asset. To find out what’s new in a given release, go to the page for the given release, such as http://python.org/2.4 for release 2.4. There you will also find a link to Andrew Kuchling’s in-depth description of what’s new for the release, with a URL such as http://python.org/doc/2.4/whatsnew for release 2.4. If there have been new releases since this book went to press, you can use these Web pages to check out any new features. If you want to keep up with newly released third-party modules or software for Python, you could check out the Python email list python-announce-list; for general discussions about Python you could try python-list, but be warned: this list gets a lot of traffic. Both of these lists are available at http://mail.python.org. If you’re a Usenet user, these two lists are also available as the newsgroups comp.lang.python.announce and comp.lang.python, respectively. If you’re totally lost, you could try the python-help list (available from the same place as the two other lists) or simply email help@python.org. Before you do, you really ought to see if your question is a frequently asked one, by consulting the Python FAQ, at http://python.org/doc/faq, or by performing a quick Web search. The Interactive Interpreter When you start up Python, you get a prompt similar to the following: Python 2.4 (#1, Dec 7 2004, 09:18:58) [GCC 3.4.1] on sunos5 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> ■Note The exact appearance of the interpreter and its error messages will depend on which version you are using. This might not seem very interesting, but believe me—it is. This is your gateway to hackerdom—your first step in taking control over your computer. In more pragmatic terms, it’s an interactive Python interpreter. Just to see if it’s working, try the following: >>> print "Hello, world!"
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572 APPENDIX C ■ ONLINE RESOURCES
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Index ■Symbols - operator 558 !=
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