Beginning Python - From Novice to Professional

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CHAPTER 15 ■ PYTHON AND THE WEB 327 A Simple Form Now you have the tools for handling a user request; it’s time to create a form that the user can submit. That form can be a separate page, but I’ll just put it all in the same script. To find out more about writing HTML forms (or HTML in general), you should perhaps get a good book on HTML (your local bookstore probably has several). You can also find plenty of information on the subject online. Here are some resources: • http://www.webreference.com/htmlform • http://www.htmlhelp.com/faq/html/forms.html • http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/forms • http://www.htmlgoodies.com/tutors/fm.html Also, if you find some page that you think looks like a good example for what you’d like to do, you can inspect its source in your browser by choosing View Source or something similar (depending on which browser you have) from one of the menus. Let’s return to our script. An extended version can be found in Listing 15-7. In the beginning, the CGI parameter name is retrieved, as before, with the default 'world'. If you just open the script in your browser without submitting anything, the default is used. Then, a simple HTML page is printed, containing name as a part of the headline. In addition, this page contains an HTML form whose action attribute is set to the name of the script itself (simple3.cgi). That means that if the form is submitted, you are taken back to the same script. The only input element in the form is a text field called name. Thus, if you submit the field with a new name, the headline should change because the name parameter now has a value. Listing 15-7. A Greeting Script with an HTML Form (simple3.cgi) #!/usr/bin/env python import cgi form = cgi.FieldStorage() name = form.getvalue('name', 'world') print """Content-type: text/html Greeting Page Hello, %s!
328 CHAPTER 15 ■ PYTHON AND THE WEB Change name """ % name Figure 15-2 shows the result of accessing the script in Listing 15-7 through a Web server. Figure 15-2. The result of executing the CGI script in Listing 15-7 One Step Up: mod_python If you like CGI, you will probably love mod_python. It’s an extension (module) for the Apache Web server, and you can get it from the mod_python Web site, http://modpython.org. It makes the Python interpreter directly available as a part of Apache, which makes a whole host of different cool stuff possible. At the core, it gives you the ability to write Apache handlers in Python, as opposed to in C, which is the norm. The mod_python handler framework gives you access to a rich API, uncovering Apache internals and more. In addition to the basic functionality, however, it comes with several handlers that can make Web development a more pleasant task. There is the CGI handler, which lets you run CGI scripts using the mod_python interpreter, considerably speeding up their execution; there is the PSP handler, which lets you mix HTML and Python code to create executable Web pages, or Python Server Pages; and there is the publisher handler, which lets you call Python functions using URLs. In this section, I will focus on these three standard handlers; if you want to write your own custom handlers, you should check out the mod_python documentation.
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Beginning Python From Novice to Pro
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For Ranveig
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About the Technical Reviewer ■JER
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Introduction A C program is like a
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256 CHAPTER 11 ■ FILES AND STUFF
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572 APPENDIX C ■ ONLINE RESOURCES
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Index ■Symbols - operator 558 !=
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■INDEX 595 Python C API 365 hand-
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