BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

62 Patternsof Mortality in Childhood
TABLE 17. Distribution of Deaths by Age Group
for 15 Projects Combined.
Age group Deaths %
Under 5 years............ 35,095 100.0
Under 1 year ............ 27,602 78.6
Neonatal .............. 12,674 36.1
Postneonatal........... ......... 14,928 42.5
1-4 years ................ 7,493 21.4
1year ............ ..... 4,361 12.4
2-4 years.............. 3,132 8.9
multiple causes involved in these excessive
death rates will be clarified.
Mpx tality in the neonatal period showed
much less variation, ranging from 12.7 per
1,000 live births in suburban counties of
California to rates three and four times
higher-44.6 in suburban departments of
San Juan Province and 49.4 in Viacha. The
first four weeks of life constitute a crucial
TABLE 18. Infant Mortality, by Age Group in 24
Areas of 15 Projects.
Neo- Under
Area Infant natal I day
123.5 4.4 14.1
Vlachs....................
El Salvador, rural .......... 120.0 36.1 12.6
San Juan, rural ............ 04.5 35.3 39.6 10.1 11.7
91.2
lecife .....................
San Juan, suburban ......... 87.9 44.6 13.8
Chaco, rur ................ 85.0 30.0 28.2 0.3 8.8
81.7
San Suovador ...............
Raeistencia ................ 76.2 33.4 11.9
LfaPat .................... 73.0 28.5 13.4 8.3
71.5 36.0
Francs ....................
SAOPalo ................. 65.1 33.7 10.7
Monterrey ................. 60.7 26.0 10.6
57.9 19.4 6.5
Chile, comuna .............
Santiago .................. 54.9 27.2 10.0
Cal ...................... 54.6 25.4 10.4
Ribeirlio Prto. communities. 50.R 27.1 12.0
San Juan (city) ............ 50.7 29.0 8.9
Cartagena ................. 47.8 22.4 8.2
Medellin .................. 47.6 19.7 7.0
flibeirao Prdto (city)........ 43.0 24.0 10.2
Kingston-St. Andrew ....... 38.8 24.2 7.9
San Francisco .............. 18.5 13.0 7.2
Sherbrooke ................. 18.3 13.5 8.6
California, suburban......... 17.2 12.7 7.4
*Deaths per 1,000 live births,
Fia. 33. Infant Mortality by Age Group in 24
Areas of 15 Projects.
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period for the child's growth and development;
health programs for infants in this
age group can be effective not only in reducing
neonatal mortality but also in preventing
serious morbidity and reducing death
iates in later periods of infancy and childhood.
The first day of life is the most hazardous
period, and more than half the neonatal
deaths in the California and Canadian projects
occurred in the first 24 hours after
birth. For obtaining comparable information
on deaths of all those born alive in
accordance with the WHO definition, this
is the critical period. As was pointed out in
Chapter II, the standard of 10 deaths in the
first 24 hours of life per 1,000 live births
was used to estimate the completeness of
ata in each p
by
d projc. The efforts exerted
the principal collaborators to find inforination
on these deaths in order to distinguish
those born alive from those born dead (the
fetal deaths) and obtain full data on the
outcome of pregnancies (including abortions)
resulted in the discovery of many
deaths occurring shortly after birth and